Risky choices in new venture decisions—experimental evidence from Germany and the United States

2008 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dietmar Grichnik
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
The United States ◽  
New Venture ◽  
Risky Choices

Immigrant Entrepreneurship: The Effect of Early Career Immigration Constraints on New Venture Formation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajshree Agarwal ◽  
Martin Ganco ◽  
Joseph Raffiee
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
The United States ◽  
Early Career ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
New Venture ◽  
Opportunity Costs ◽  
Paid Employment ◽  
Specialized Human Capital ◽  
New Venture Formation

We examine how institutional factors may affect microlevel career decisions by individuals to create new firms by impacting their ability to exercise entrepreneurial preferences, their accumulation of human capital, and the opportunity costs associated with new venture formation. We focus on an important institutional factor—immigration-related work constraints—given that technologically intensive firms in the United States not only draw upon immigrants as knowledge workers but also because such firms are disproportionately founded by immigrants. We examine the implications of these constraints using the National Science Foundation’s Scientists and Engineers Statistical Data System, which tracks the careers of science and engineering graduates from U.S. universities. Relative to natives, we theorize and show that immigration-related work constraints in the United States suppress entrepreneurship as an early career choice of immigrants by restricting labor market options to paid employment jobs in organizational contexts tightly matched with the immigrant’s educational training (job-education match). Work experience in paid employment job-education match is associated with the accumulation of specialized human capital and increased opportunity costs associated with new venture formation. Consistent with immigration-related work constraints inhibiting individuals with entrepreneurial preferences from engaging in entrepreneurship, we show that when the immigration-related work constraints are released, immigrants in job-education match are more likely than comparable natives to found incorporated employer firms. Incorporated employer firms can both leverage specialized human capital and provide the expected returns needed to justify the increased opportunity costs associated with entrepreneurial entry. We discuss our study’s contributions to theory and practice.

Nudging Timely Wage Reporting: Field Experimental Evidence from the United States Social Supplementary Income Program

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Yiwei Zhang ◽  
Jeffrey Hemmeter ◽  
Judd B. Kessler ◽  
Robert D. Metcalfe ◽  
Robert Weathers
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
The United States

Moral reasoning and anti-immigrant bias: Experimental evidence from university students in Germany and the United States

2021 ◽  
Vol 90 ◽  
pp. 101627
Author(s):  
William J. Wilhelm ◽  
Peter Weber ◽  
Kacey Douglas ◽  
Markus Siepermann ◽  
Ayman Abuhamdieh
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
University Students ◽  
Moral Reasoning ◽  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
The United States

scholarly journals Mason biodiesel: A family℉s new venture in a new industry

2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-70
Author(s):  
Matthew Eriksen ◽  
George H. Tompson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Rhode Island ◽  
The United States ◽  
New Venture ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Bank Debt ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Personal Savings ◽  
New Industry ◽  
Biodiesel Industry

This case describes a real family that has been running a labor-intensive business since 1992. The father, Phil Mason, runs the business with the help of his wife and two of his sons in southwestern Rhode Island. The business is a franchisee of ServiceMaster Clean. In 2006, the franchise employed 20 full-time employees and was the 50th largest ServiceMaster Clean franchise among the approximately 1,200 franchises located in the United States. Annual revenue is approximately $2.5 million. In late 2005, one of Phil℉s sons began researching the biodiesel industry. As he was growing weary of the labor-intensive nature of his franchise business, Phil fully researched the industry himself. By the middle of 2006, Phil was convinced that he could profitably manufacture biodiesel in his spare warehouse space. In July 2006, he formed Mason Biodiesel, LLC and financed the $1.5 million start-up costs through a combination of personal savings and bank debt.

The Hidden Impacts of Phosphorus Pollution to Streams and Rivers

BioScience ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 315-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A Mallin ◽  
Lawrence B Cahoon
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Algal Bloom ◽  
Harmful Algal Bloom ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
The United States ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Phosphorus Pollution ◽  
Resource Managers

Abstract Phosphorus (P) enrichment to streams, lakes, and estuaries is increasing throughout the United States. P loading is typically viewed from a harmful algal bloom perspective; if added P causes excess growths of phytoplankton or macroalgae, it may become targeted for control. However, P loading also contributes to two other non–algae-based aquatic problems. Field and experimental evidence shows that P loading directly stimulates growth of aquatic bacteria, which can increase to concentrations that exert a significant biochemical oxygen demand on water bodies, contributing to hypoxia, a widespread impairment. Experimental evidence also demonstrates that fecal bacterial growth can be significantly stimulated by P loading, increasing health risks through exposure or the consumption of contaminated shellfish and causing economic losses from beach and shellfish area closures. Resource managers need to look beyond algal bloom stimulation and should consider the broader roles that excess P loading can have on ecosystem function and microbiological safety for humans.

scholarly journals Exploring Women's Entrepreneurship and Poverty: Necessity versus Opportunity Motivations

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Hall
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Economic Growth ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
New Venture ◽  
Opportunity Entrepreneurship ◽  
Business Opportunity ◽  
Necessity Entrepreneurship ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activities ◽  
The Relationship

What is the relationship between entrepreneurship, economic growth, and poverty? Women choose to become entrepreneurs or self-employed for different reasons in developed countries such as the United States and Sweden, with varying effects on poverty and economic growth. This paper explores the motivations behind entering the entrepreneurial space for women, differentiating between opportunity (taking actions to create a new venture following a perceived business opportunity despite other options to earn a living) and necessity (becoming involved in entrepreneurial activities due to a lack of other options to earn a living) motivations. It also highlights entrepreneurship's relationship with poverty and economic growth, while providing recommendations on how to encourage opportunity entrepreneurship and reduce poverty while discouraging necessity entrepreneurship.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document