Evaluation of Compton scattering and self-attenuation coefficient after γ-ray analysis of naturally occurring radioactive elements in environmental samples

A new design for a γ-ray Compton scattering spectrometer is presented. The spectrometer uses an annular geometry that is the inversion of the annular geometry used in earlier experiments with americium γ-rays. A small source is placed directly in front of the detector so that it is the detector and not the source that provides the annulus. Measurements of the Compton profile of aluminium are used to evaluate the new design. For small samples it is possible to increase the intensity by a factor of up to 10 4 while maintaining the resolution. This should make it possible to obtain accurate data for many compounds that could not previously be studied because of the difficulties associated with obtaining large single crystals.

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Particle Acceleration in Extragalactic Jets and Implications for the High-Energy Emission from Blazars

Symposium - International Astronomical Union ◽

10.1017/s0074180900174807 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 159 ◽

pp. 29-32

Author(s):

R. Schlickeiser ◽

C. D. Dermer

Keyword(s):

Compton Scattering ◽

Accretion Disk ◽

High Energy ◽

Relativistic Electrons ◽

Spectral Evolution ◽

Inverse Compton Scattering ◽

Central Engine ◽

Inverse Compton ◽

Γ Rays ◽

Γ Ray

We demonstrate that the prevalence of superluminal sources in the sample of γ-ray blazars and the peak of their luminosity spectra at γ-ray energies can be readily explained if the γ-rays result from the inverse Compton scattering of the accretion disk radiation by relativistic electrons in outflowing plasam jets. Compton scattering of external radiation by nonthermal particles in blazar jets is dominated by accretion disk photons rather than scattered radiation to distances of ∼ 0.01–0.1 pc from the central engine for standard parameters. The size of the γ-ray photosphere and the spectral evolution of the relativistic electron spectra constrain the location of the acceleration and emission sites in these objects.

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An Assessment of Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials (NORM) in Environmental Samples of Kailashtila and Salda Nadi Gas Fields of Bangladesh

2018 International Conference on Innovation in Engineering and Technology (ICIET) ◽

10.1109/ciet.2018.8660883 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Sharmin Jahan ◽

Md. Mahidul Haque Prodhan ◽

Jannatul Ferdous

Keyword(s):

Environmental Samples ◽

Radioactive Materials ◽

Naturally Occurring ◽

Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials ◽

Gas Fields

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Compton scattering and the MacKenzie spectrometer

Canadian Journal of Physics ◽

10.1139/p89-138 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 67 (8) ◽

pp. 798-805 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Brian G. Williams

Keyword(s):

Raman Scattering ◽

Compton Scattering ◽

Alternative Systems ◽

Γ Ray ◽

Fluorescence Spectrometer

The development of the MacKenzie γ-ray Compton scattering spectrometer is discussed in the context of earlier designs to bring out the advantages that it offers over alternative systems. The importance of the new spectrometer in providing the first accurate measurements of γ-ray Raman scattering and the role of Innes MacKenzie in the discovery of γ -ray Raman scattering are discussed. Finally, the potential of the MacKenzie spectrometer design to provide a field fluorescence spectrometer for use in geophysics is described.

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Measurement of Mass Attenuation Coefficients of Blue Sapphire at Different Photon Energy by Compton Scattering Technique

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.103.71 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 103 ◽

pp. 71-75 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Jakrapong Kaewkhao ◽

P. Lofimkitjaroenporn ◽

S. Tuscharoen ◽

T. Kittiauchawal ◽

W. Chewpraditkul ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Compton Scattering ◽

Attenuation Coefficient ◽

Gamma Rays ◽

Mass Attenuation Coefficient ◽

Attenuation Coefficients ◽

Scattering Technique ◽

Mass Attenuation Coefficients ◽

Experimental Values ◽

Good Agreement ◽

Mass Attenuation

The mass attenuation coefficients of blue sapphire were measured at the different energy of γ-rays using the Compton scattering technique. There are in good agreement of scattered gamma rays energies between theoretical value and experimental value, reflecting the validation of Compton scattering system setup. The results show that, the experimental values of mass attenuation coefficient are in good agreement with the theoretical values. The mass attenuation coefficients increase with the decrease in gamma rays energies. This may be attributed to the higher photon interaction probability of blue sapphire at lower energy. This result is a first report of mass attenuation coefficient of blue sapphire at different gamma rays energies.

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Radiation Shielding Characteristics of Concretes Incorporates Different Waste Materials

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.594-595.1015 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 594-595 ◽

pp. 1015-1019

Author(s):

Ali Basheer Azeez ◽

Kahtan S. Mohammed ◽

Abdullah Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri ◽

Hana Ihsan Hasan

Keyword(s):

Attenuation Coefficient ◽

Energy Levels ◽

Radiation Shielding ◽

Shielding Effect ◽

Waste Materials ◽

Linear Attenuation Coefficient ◽

Radioactive Elements ◽

Radiation Sources ◽

The Mean ◽

Particulate Distribution

Samples of concrete incorporate different waste materials such as iron filings, iron balls of used ball bearings and slags from steel industry were assessed for their anti-radiation attenuation coefficient properties. The attenuation measurements were performed using gamma spectrometer of NaI (Tl) detector. The utilized radiation sources comprised Cs137and Co60radioactive elements with photon energies of o.662 MeV for Cs137and two1.17 and 1.33 MeV energy levels for the Co60. Likewise the mean free paths for the tested samples were obtained. The maximum linear attenuation coefficient values of 0.92±1.12×10-3for CS137and 1.12±1.57×10-3for CO60attained, in this study were for concrete incorporate iron filling wastes of 30 wt. %. The iron balls and the steel slags gave much inferior values. The concrete incorporates iron filings provided the best shielding effect. The microstructure, concretefillings composite density, the homogeneity and particulate distribution were examined and evaluated using different metallographic, microscopic and measurement facilities.

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