Geological Facies Recovery Based on Weighted $$\ell _1$$-Regularization

AbstractGroundwater and its upcoming crisis are the present-day concern of the scientist. This research mainly focuses on responses of groundwater dynamicity to some important drivers, viz. agricultural yield, groundwater irrigated area, groundwater draft, landuse/landcover, and stage of development. The result of this study has been done under three sections. In the first section, the spatiality of groundwater has been discussed where it has been noticed that the western side of the district groundwater level is near the surface due to low drafting and low agricultural yield. Moreover, hard rock geology in the western part disappoints the drilling process. On the eastern part, rich alluvial soil influences high agricultural yield hence groundwater level lowering down rapidly. In the second section, the nature of groundwater levels has been analyzed through the boxplot, and cluster diagram, where boxplots have been drawn over different geological facies, which depicts groundwater is highly fluctuating in hard clay geology. For example, high agricultural intensity and high groundwater draft is the characteristic feature of hard clay geology. The dendrogram in cluster analysis represents a homogeneous groundwater level fluctuating station in three different time series. Last section deals with the future of groundwater level where an artificial neural network (ANN) model has been applied to extract the predicted groundwater level for 2030. This type of environmental analysis, such as groundwater fluctuations in relation to different sensitive parameters and the use of a machine learning model, would aid potential researchers and communities in making wise groundwater use decisions.

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Saliency-Map Guided Salt Prediction by a Multi-Channel Convolutional Neural Network

10.2118/207244-ms ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Fan Jiang ◽

Phill Norlund

Keyword(s):

Neural Network ◽

Convolutional Neural Network ◽

Seismic Imaging ◽

Saliency Map ◽

Seismic Model ◽

Velocity Models ◽

Level Model ◽

Geological Facies

Abstract One of the major challenges in seismic imaging is accurately delineating subsurface salt. Since a salt boundary has strong impedance compared with other sediments, we build a saliency map with intensity and orientation to create a pixel-level model for salt interpretation. In this abstract, we train a saliency-map as an additional attribute to combine with the original seismic to predict salt bodies. We also train a saliency-map to classify multiple geological facies in a multi-channel convolutional neural network with residual net architecture to help build subsurface velocity models. Two examples are shown which demonstrate that a saliency-map-plus-seismic model successfully improves the accuracy of salt prediction and reduces artifacts.

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Bayesian inversion of seismic attributes for geological facies using a Hidden Markov Model

Geophysical Journal International ◽

10.1093/gji/ggw411 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 208 (2) ◽

pp. 1184-1200 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Muhammad Atif Nawaz ◽

Andrew Curtis

Keyword(s):

Markov Model ◽

Hidden Markov Model ◽

Hidden Markov ◽

Seismic Attributes ◽

Bayesian Inversion ◽

Geological Facies

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Integrated geological and geophysical interpretation case study, and Lamé rock parameter extractions using AVO analysis on the Blackfoot 3C‐3D seismic data, southern Alberta, Canada

Geophysics ◽

10.1190/1.1451319 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 67 (1) ◽

pp. 27-37 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Jocelyn Dufour ◽

Jason Squires ◽

William N. Goodway ◽

Andy Edmunds ◽

Ian Shook

Keyword(s):

Cross Sections ◽

Seismic Data ◽

Oil And Gas ◽

Well Log ◽

Amplitude Variation With Offset ◽

Incised Valley ◽

Geophysical Interpretation ◽

Porous Sandstone ◽

Incised Valleys ◽

Geological Facies

Blackfoot field, southeast of Calgary, Alberta, Canada, has produced oil and gas from a Glauconitic compound incised‐valley system. The Glauconitic compound incised valley has three cycles of incision and valley fill: lower, lithic, and upper incised valleys. The upper and lower incised valleys are the main reservoirs. The geophysical interpretation of compressional PP‐seismic data resulted in the definition of the compound‐valley extent, and in the mapping of the upper and lower incised valleys. A stratigraphic well‐log template was built using the most significant lithological information and well logs. To integrate both geological and geophysical interpretations, the well log cross‐sections and corresponding depth‐converted seismic were superimposed. Furthermore, a detailed geological facies interpretation of the upper and lower incised valleys was undertaken and incorporated. A good correlation was found between the interpreted geological facies and the seismic data response. Information about the nature of the fill within the compound valley was gained from the integration of the PP‐ and PS‐wave interpretations. However, this is limited to Vp/Vs analyses on given intervals. Amplitude‐variation‐with‐offset analysis of the PP‐data was run to discriminate lithology and pore‐fluid saturates. The products of the Lamé rock parameters, incompressibility (λ) and rigidity (μ), with density (ρ) were extracted from seismic inversions for P‐ and S‐impedances. The extraction of λ ρ and μρ showed the presence of gas‐bearing porous sandstone within the Glauconitic incised‐valley system.

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Seismic interpretation and geological facies distribution analysis for carbonate's reservoirs (Albian) at Enchova oil field

10.1190/sbgf2017-015 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Maria Gabriela Castillo Vincentelli ◽

Julia Favoreto ◽

Sergio Antonio CÁceres Contreras

Keyword(s):

Seismic Interpretation ◽

Oil Field ◽

Distribution Analysis ◽

Facies Distribution ◽

Geological Facies

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Observations sur la chlorose ferrique dans les sols viticoles calcaires du Saumurois

OENO One ◽

10.20870/oeno-one.1976.10.4.1629 ◽

1976 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 359

Author(s):

René Morlat

Keyword(s):

Power Index ◽

Calcareous Soils ◽

Soil Types ◽

Geological Facies

Le vignoble de Saumur est pour partie implanté dans des sols calcaires qui dérivent de l'altération de différents faciès géologiques du Secondaire et du Tertiaire. Malgré une teneur en calcaire actif des sols et des roches toujours inférieure au seuil de résistance des porte-greffes les mieux adaptés, ces derniers chlorosent fortement sur certains substrats. L'utilisation de l'Indice de Pouvoir Chlorosant (IPC) permet d'expliquer dans la plupart des cas ce phénomène par une insuffisance en fer facilement extractible des sols concernés.L'étude met également en évidence l'importance des glauconies dans la fourniture en fer du sol à la vigne.+++The vineyards of Saumur are planted in calcareous soils derived from the weathering of different geological facies of the Mesozoic and Tertiary eras. In spite of the fact that the concentration of active calcareous matter of these soils and rocks is always less than the threshold of resistance of the best — adapted vine stocks, chlorosis bas been observed on some soil types. The use of the chlorosing power index (IPC) permits the explanation, in most cases, of this phenomena by an insufficiency of easily available iron from these soils. This study has shown the importance of glauconites in the supply of iron from the soil to the vine.

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