Interictal Cognitive Deficits in Migraine Sufferers: A Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dion L. Braganza ◽  
Lauren E. Fitzpatrick ◽  
Mai L. Nguyen ◽  
Simon F. Crowe
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Meta Analysis

Morphological Changes in the Brain of Acutely Ill and Weight-Recovered Patients with Anorexia Nervosa

2014 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jochen Seitz ◽  
Katharina Bühren ◽  
Georg G. von Polier ◽  
Nicole Heussen ◽  
Beate Herpertz-Dahlmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Clinical Prognosis ◽  
Qualitative Review ◽  
Brain Changes ◽  
The Brain

Objective: Acute anorexia nervosa (AN) leads to reduced gray (GM) and white matter (WM) volume in the brain, which however improves again upon restoration of weight. Yet little is known about the extent and clinical correlates of these brain changes, nor do we know much about the time-course and completeness of their recovery. Methods: We conducted a meta-analysis and a qualitative review of all magnetic resonance imaging studies involving volume analyses of the brain in both acute and recovered AN. Results: We identified structural neuroimaging studies with a total of 214 acute AN patients and 177 weight-recovered AN patients. In acute AN, GM was reduced by 5.6% and WM by 3.8% compared to healthy controls (HC). Short-term weight recovery 2–5 months after admission resulted in restitution of about half of the GM aberrations and almost full WM recovery. After 2–8 years of remission GM and WM were nearly normalized, and differences to HC (GM: –1.0%, WM: –0.7%) were no longer significant, although small residual changes could not be ruled out. In the qualitative review some studies found GM volume loss to be associated with cognitive deficits and clinical prognosis. Conclusions: GM and WM were strongly reduced in acute AN. The completeness of brain volume rehabilitation remained equivocal.

Adjunctive huperzine A for cognitive deficits in schizophrenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 286-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Zheng ◽  
Ying-Qiang Xiang ◽  
Xian-Bin Li ◽  
Gabor S. Ungvari ◽  
Helen F. K. Chiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Huperzine A

scholarly journals Longitudinal studies of cognition in schizophrenia: Meta-analysis

2008 ◽  
Vol 192 (4) ◽  
pp. 248-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrei Szöke ◽  
Anca Trandafir ◽  
Marie-Estelle Dupont ◽  
Alexandre Méary ◽  
Franck Schürhoff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Studies ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Verbal Fluency ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cognitive Remediation ◽  
Cognitive Tasks ◽  
Longitudinal Course ◽  
Semantic Verbal Fluency ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Available Information

BackgroundA wide range of cognitive deficits have been demonstrated in schizophrenia, but their longitudinal course remains unclear.AimsTo bring together all the available information from longitudinal studies of cognitive performance in people with schizophrenia.MethodWe carried out a meta-analysis of 53 studies. Unlike previous reviewers, we included all studies (regardless of the type of medication), analysed each variable separately and compared results with data from controls.ResultsParticipants with schizophrenia showed a significant improvement in most cognitive tasks. The available data for controls showed, with one exception (the Stroop test), a similar or greater improvement. Performance in semantic verbal fluency remained stable in both individuals with schizophrenia and controls.ConclusionsParticipants with schizophrenia displayed improvement in most cognitive tasks, but practice was more likely than cognitive remediation to account for most of the improvements observed. Semantic verbal fluency may be the best candidate cognitive endophenotype.

scholarly journals Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation to Enhance Cognitive Impairment in Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana M. A. Suarez-García ◽  
Johan S. Grisales-Cárdenas ◽  
Máximo Zimerman ◽  
Juan F. Cardona
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Direct Current ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Cognitive Improvement

Cognitive deficits are increasingly being recognized as a common trait in Parkinson's disease (PD). Recently, transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has been shown to exert positive effects as an adjunctive therapy on motor and non-motor symptoms in PD. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to provide an overview of reported evidence on the efficacy of tDCS interventions in the treatment of cognitive impairments in PD. A systematic literature review was conducted to examine articles that were published in the past 10 years and that study the effects of tDCS on cognitive deficits in PD patients. The PubMed, Scopus and Scielo databases were searched. Eight tDCS studies involving 168 participants were included for the analysis. Our meta-analysis results showed that anodal tDCS (atDCS) had various levels or no evidence of effectiveness. In the pre-post stimulation analysis, a strong effect was reported for executive functions (pre-post: g = 1.51, Z = 2.41, p = 0.016); non-significant effects were reported for visuospatial skills (pre-post: g = 0.27, Z = 0.69, p = 0.490); attention (pre-post: g = 0.02, Z = 0.08, p = 0.934), memory (pre-post: g = 0.01, Z = 0.03, p = 0.972) and language (pre-post: g = 0.07, Z = 0.21, p = 0.832). However, in the pre-follow-up stimulation analysis, the duration of the effect was not clear. This study highlights the potential effectiveness of atDCS to improve cognitive performance in PD patients but failed to establish a cause-effect relationship between tDCS intervention and cognitive improvement in PD. Future directions and recommendations for methodological improvements are outlined.

A Meta-Analysis of Cognitive Deficits in Adults with a Diagnosis of Schizophrenia

2005 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Fioravanti ◽  
Olimpia Carlone ◽  
Barbara Vitale ◽  
Maria Elena Cinti ◽  
Linda Clare
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Meta Analysis

scholarly journals Cognitive Impairment After Resolution of Hepatic Encephalopathy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Óscar López-Franco ◽  
Jean-Pascal Morin ◽  
Albertina Cortés-Sol ◽  
Tania Molina-Jiménez ◽  
Diana I. Del Moral ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatic Encephalopathy ◽  
Liver Transplant ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Random Effects Models ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cirrhotic Patients

Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is one of the most disabling metabolic diseases. It consists of a complication of liver disease through the action of neurotoxins, such as excessive production of ammonia from liver, resulting in impaired brain function. Its prevalence and incidence are not well known, although it has been established that up to 40% of cirrhotic patients may develop HE. Patients with HE episodes display a wide range of neurological disturbances, from subclinical alterations to coma. Recent evidence suggests that the resolution of hepatic encephalopathy does not fully restore cognitive functioning in cirrhotic patients. Therefore, the aim of this review was to evaluate the evidence supporting the presence of lingering cognitive deficits in patients with a history of HE compared to patients without HE history and how liver transplant affects such outcome in these patients. We performed two distinct meta-analysis of continuous outcomes. In both cases the results were pooled using random-effects models. Our results indicate that cirrhotic patients with a history of HE show clear cognitive deficits compared control cirrhotic patients (Std. Mean Difference (in SDs) = −0.72 [CI 95%: −0.94, −0.50]) and that these differences are not fully restored after liver transplant (Std. Mean Difference (in SDs) = −0.72 [CI 95%: −0.94, −0.50]).

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