Pedestrian evacuation modelling of a Canadian West Coast community from a near-field Tsunami event

2018 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
pp. 229-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabelle Cheff ◽  
Ioan Nistor ◽  
Dan Palermo
Keyword(s):  
West Coast ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Evacuation Modelling ◽  
Pedestrian Evacuation ◽  
Tsunami Event

Modeling pedestrian evacuation for near-field tsunamis fusing ALCD and agent-based approaches: A case study of Rincón, PR

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 101606
Author(s):  
Jean-Edouard Faucher ◽  
Saylisse Dávila ◽  
Xaimarie Hernández-Cruz
Keyword(s):  
Near Field ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Pedestrian Evacuation

scholarly journals Identifying buildings at risk and pedestrian travel times to safety areas in a debris flow worst-case scenario

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raquel Melo ◽  
José Luís Zêzere ◽  
Sérgio Oliveira ◽  
Ricardo Garcia ◽  
Sandra Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Debris Flow ◽  
Early Warning ◽  
Debris Flows ◽  
Case Scenario ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Evacuation Modelling ◽  
Worst Case Scenario ◽  
Pedestrian Evacuation ◽  
Pedestrian Travel

<p>During the last two centuries, several debris flow events occurred in the upper part of the Zêzere valley, which is located in the Estrela mountain, in Central Portugal. These events were responsible for material damage as well as for the loss of lives. Given the susceptibility of this area to the occurrence of debris flows, a methodology for pedestrian evacuation modelling was implemented, in order to identify buildings at risk and pedestrian travel times to safety areas in a debris flow worst-case scenario. Starting from a dynamic run-out model, developed in previous works, the potential debris flow intensity was estimated (e.g. flow depth, velocity and run-out distance). Sequentially, the buildings potentially affected by the impact of debris flows, as well as the ones where the evacuation would take longer than the debris flows arrival, were identified. In addition, the potentially exposed population was estimated by applying a dasymetric distribution to each residential building. This population distribution took into account the identification of the older residents as the most exposed to debris flows, which is critical to develop reliable pedestrian evacuation travel time scenarios. The pedestrian evacuation modelling was performed using the Pedestrian Evacuation Analyst, a GIS tool developed by the United States Geological Survey. The evacuation modelling was based on an anisotropic approach, which considers the influence of slope direction on travel costs, thus its application is suitable in a mountainous area. The implemented methodology is a critical step towards the implementation of a reliable early warning system to debris flows that can be reproduced elsewhere.</p><p><strong>Funding information</strong>: This work was financed by national funds through FCT—Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology, I.P., under the framework of the project BeSafeSlide—Landslide Early Warning soft technology prototype to improve community resilience and adaptation to environmental change (PTDC/GES-AMB/30052/2017) and by the Research Unit UIDB/00295/2020. Pedro Pinto Santos is funded by FCT through the project with the reference CEEIND/00268/2017.</p>

Near-field scanning optical microscopy

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 642-643
Author(s):  
E. Betzig ◽  
A. Harootunian ◽  
M. Isaacson ◽  
A. Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Near Field ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Visible Radiation ◽  
Field Methods ◽  
Optical Elements ◽  
Optical Region ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Nondestructive Imaging ◽  
Scanning Optical Microscopy ◽  
Near Field Scanning

In general, conventional methods of optical imaging are limited in spatial resolution by either the wavelength of the radiation used or by the aberrations of the optical elements. This is true whether one uses a scanning probe or a fixed beam method. The reason for the wavelength limit of resolution is due to the far field methods of producing or detecting the radiation. If one resorts to restricting our probes to the near field optical region, then the possibility exists of obtaining spatial resolutions more than an order of magnitude smaller than the optical wavelength of the radiation used. In this paper, we will describe the principles underlying such "near field" imaging and present some preliminary results from a near field scanning optical microscope (NS0M) that uses visible radiation and is capable of resolutions comparable to an SEM. The advantage of such a technique is the possibility of completely nondestructive imaging in air at spatial resolutions of about 50nm.

Few open arms to closed panel on West Coast

1983 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carol Turkington ◽  
Keyword(s):  
West Coast

West coast problem.

1959 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 596-597
Author(s):  
Francis H. Palmer
Keyword(s):  
West Coast

Oil Palm on the West Coast of Africa

1905 ◽  
Vol 59 (1514supp) ◽  
pp. 24259-24260
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
West Coast ◽  
The West

West Coast of Ireland Fisheries

1892 ◽  
Vol 33 (848supp) ◽  
pp. 13555-13555
Keyword(s):  
West Coast
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