Controllable Open Macrosystems in Thermodynamics and Microeconomics

2005 ◽  
Vol 12 (04) ◽  
pp. 347-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Tsirlin ◽  
V. Kazakov ◽  
V. V. Trushkov
Keyword(s):  
Heat Engine ◽  
Extremal Principle ◽  
Maximal Power ◽  
Optimal Behavior ◽  
Work Of Separation

In this paper stationary regimes of open macro-systems that include active subsystems (with controlled parameters) near equilibrium are considered. A generalized Prigogine extremal principle for such systems is formulated and proved. The conditions on optimal behavior of active subsystems in such systems are derived. It is shown that the obtained general results can be specified for thermodynamic and microeconomic systems to obtain the heat engine maximal power, the minimal irreversible work of separation, the limiting productivity of heat driven separation and the maximal capital extraction.

Irreversibility and Limiting Possibilities of Macrocontrolled Systems I: Thermodynamics

2001 ◽  
Vol 08 (04) ◽  
pp. 315-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Tsirlin ◽  
V. Kazakov ◽  
N. A. Kolinko
Keyword(s):  
Equilibrium State ◽  
Second Law Of Thermodynamics ◽  
Perfect Competition ◽  
Second Law ◽  
Extremal Principle ◽  
Maximal Power ◽  
Resource Exchange ◽  
Arbitrary Structure ◽  
Heat Engines ◽  
Maximal Profit

In this paper, two types of systems — thermodynamic and economic — are considered, which include a large number of micro subsystems and are controlled on the macro level (macrocontrolled systems). The analogy between the maximal work problem in thermodynamics and the maximal profit problem in a microeconomic system is investigated. The notion of exergy is generalized for the systems which do not contain reservoirs, and the conditions of maximal power of heat engines are generalized for systems with arbitrary structure. The notion of system profitability and the measure of irreversibility of an microeconomic processes are introduced. The extremal principle which determines an equilibrium state of open microeconomic system, is formulated. The conditions of optimality of resource trading and the expression for profitability of resource exchange are formulated for systems which include market with perfect competition, and for systems which do not include it. Economic analogues of the second law of thermodynamics are formulated using introduced concepts. The first part of the paper is devoted to thermodynamic systems and the second to microeconomic systems.

Refined thermal calculation of the locomotive heat engine collector

2020 ◽  
pp. 56-58
Author(s):  
P.V. Gubarev ◽  
D.V. Glazunov ◽  
V.G. Ruban ◽  
A.S. Shapshal
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Electric Motor ◽  
Heat Balance ◽  
Thermal Imaging ◽  
Heat Engine ◽  
Thermal Calculation ◽  
Calculation Results ◽  
Cooling Air ◽  
The Heat Balance ◽  
Traction Electric Motor

The thermal calculation of the locomotive traction engine collector is proposed. The equations of the heat balance of its elements are obtained taking into account the cooling air. The calculation results and experimental data of thermal imaging control are presented. Keywords: traction electric motor, collector, thermal calculation, thermal imaging control. [email protected]

Processes and Responses

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jochen Rau
Keyword(s):  
Heat Engine ◽  
Cyclic Process ◽  
Free Enthalpy ◽  
Initial State ◽  
Thermodynamic Potentials ◽  
Grand Potential ◽  
Laws Of Thermodynamics ◽  
Cyclic Processes ◽  
Energy Exchanges ◽  
Thermodynamic Processes

Thermodynamic processes involve energy exchanges in the forms of work, heat, or particles. Such exchanges might be reversible or irreversible, and they might be controlled by barriers or reservoirs. A cyclic process takes a system through several states and eventually back to its initial state; it may convert heat into work (engine) or vice versa (heat pump). This chapter defines work and heat mathematically and investigates their respective properties, in particular their impact on entropy. It discusses the roles of barriers and reservoirs and introduces cyclic processes. Basic constraints imposed by the laws of thermodynamics are considered, in particular on the efficiency of a heat engine. The chapter also introduces the thermodynamic potentials: free energy, enthalpy, free enthalpy, and grand potential. These are used to describe energy exchanges and equilibrium in the presence of reservoirs. Finally, this chapter considers thermodynamic coefficients which characterize the response of a system to heating, compression, and other external actions.

Optimal Behavior and Density-Dependent Predation

1984 ◽  
Vol 123 (3) ◽  
pp. 314-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Sih
Keyword(s):  
Density Dependent ◽  
Optimal Behavior

A One Hundred Watt Sodium Heat Engine

1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.V. Lasecki ◽  
R.F. Novak ◽  
J.R. McBride ◽  
J.T. Brockway ◽  
T.K. Hunt
Keyword(s):  
Heat Engine

scholarly journals Modeling and Performance Optimization of an Irreversible Two-Stage Combined Thermal Brownian Heat Engine

Entropy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 419
Author(s):  
Congzheng Qi ◽  
Zemin Ding ◽  
Lingen Chen ◽  
Yanlin Ge ◽  
Huijun Feng
Keyword(s):  
Power Output ◽  
Performance Optimization ◽  
External Load ◽  
Thermal Contact ◽  
Heat Engine ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Load Effect ◽  
Heat Engines ◽  
Heat Leakage ◽  
Steady Current

Based on finite time thermodynamics, an irreversible combined thermal Brownian heat engine model is established in this paper. The model consists of two thermal Brownian heat engines which are operating in tandem with thermal contact with three heat reservoirs. The rates of heat transfer are finite between the heat engine and the reservoir. Considering the heat leakage and the losses caused by kinetic energy change of particles, the formulas of steady current, power output and efficiency are derived. The power output and efficiency of combined heat engine are smaller than that of single heat engine operating between reservoirs with same temperatures. When the potential filed is free from external load, the effects of asymmetry of the potential, barrier height and heat leakage on the performance of the combined heat engine are analyzed. When the potential field is free from external load, the effects of basic design parameters on the performance of the combined heat engine are analyzed. The optimal power and efficiency are obtained by optimizing the barrier heights of two heat engines. The optimal working regions are obtained. There is optimal temperature ratio which maximize the overall power output or efficiency. When the potential filed is subjected to external load, effect of external load is analyzed. The steady current decreases versus external load; the power output and efficiency are monotonically increasing versus external load.

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