Surface plasmon polariton (SPP) waves exhibit local characteristics that can break diffraction limits; for this reason, the production of subwavelength optoelectronic device has been the focus of current studies. To determine the importance of surface plasmon wave applications, we aim to investigate whether or not the theoretical dispersion obtained in the plasma and metal (Drude model) exhibits the same expression, satisfy the relationship of SPPs by controlling the electron density of the plasma and the frequency of the incident electromagnetic wave, and derive the system performance parameters and plasma density parameters by changing the grating geometry and dielectric constant of the surrounding medium by using the grating structure based on surface plasmon propagation characteristics associated with sensor research. The simulation results of then design structure showed that transmission bandwidth rapidly decreases and transmission peak gradually decreases as metal dielectric thickness decreases. An SPP sensor can effectively eliminate light instability in the two wavelengths of light intensity difference to obtain anti-interference and improve the range of the measuring instrument by using two fiber-grating structure filters. Therefore, studies on surface plasmon devices for integrated application are of promotional importance.
Excitation Mechanism of Surface Plasmon Polaritons for Surface Plasmon Sensor With 1D Metal Grating Structure for High Refractive Index Medium