Water Uptake by Plant Roots: I – Formation and Propagation of a Water Extraction Front in Mature Root Systems as Evidenced by 2D Light Transmission Imaging

2006 ◽  
Vol 283 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 83-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuelle Garrigues ◽  
Claude Doussan ◽  
Alain Pierret
Keyword(s):  
Water Uptake ◽  
Light Transmission ◽  
Root Systems ◽  
Water Extraction ◽  
Plant Roots ◽  
Transmission Imaging ◽  
Mature Root

The role of soil resistance in determining water uptake by plant root systems

Soil Research ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 571 ◽  
Author(s):  
NR Hulugalle ◽  
ST Willatt
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Water Uptake ◽  
Plant Root ◽  
Soil Water Potential ◽  
Root Systems ◽  
Plant Roots ◽  
Soil Resistance ◽  
Plant Root Systems

Resistance to water flow in plant roots has been suggested as a significant factor limiting water uptake by plants. The results of previous experiments have been used to show that soil resistance may be more significant than has recently been suggested, particularly in soils of low hydraulic conductivity and where root density is low. As the technique used to determine soil resistance relies on hydraulic conductivity, the latter may be more appropriate as an indicator of water stress than soil water potential.

scholarly journals Model Test of the Reinforcement of Surface Soil by Plant Roots under the Influence of Precipitation

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Hengxing Wang ◽  
Yulong He ◽  
Zufeng Shang ◽  
Chunpeng Han ◽  
Yilu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Model Test ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Plant Root ◽  
Root Systems ◽  
Reinforced Soil ◽  
Plant Roots ◽  
Interfacial Friction ◽  
Negative Power ◽  
Pull Out

We present the results of the reinforcement of plant root systems in surface soil in a model test to simulate actual precipitation conditions. In the test, Eleusine indica was selected as herbage to reinforce the soil. Based on the various moisture contents of plant roots in a pull-out test, a fitting formula describing the interfacial friction strength between the roots and soil and soil moisture content was obtained to explain the amount of slippage of the side slope during the process of rainfall. The experimental results showed that the root systems of plants successfully reinforced soil and stabilized the water content in the surface soil of a slope and that the occurrence time of landslides was delayed significantly in the grass-planting slope model. After the simulated rainfall started, the reinforcement effect of the plant roots changed. As the rainfall increased, the interfacial friction between the roots and the soil exhibited a negative power function relationship with the water content. These conclusions can be used as a reference for the design of plant slope protection and reinforcement.

Conversaziones 1974

1975 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-171
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Fine Structure ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Vascular Tissue ◽  
Root Systems ◽  
Plant Roots ◽  
Tracer Studies ◽  
Water Move ◽  
Intact Root

CONVERSAZIONES were held this year on 9 May and 27 June. At the first conversazione twenty-seven exhibits and two films were shown. The fine structure of plant roots in relation to transport of nutrient ions and water was demonstrated by Dr D. T. Clarkson of the A.R.C. Letcombe Laboratory, Wantage and Dr A. W. Robards of the Department of Biology, University of York. Two major pathways by which nutrients and water move radially across the cortex towards the central vascular tissue have been distinguished by the use of tracer studies of adsorption by different zones of intact root systems, microautoradiography and electron microscopy. Movement can be apoplastic through cell walls, or symplastic between cells joined by plasmodesmata. As the root ages, structural changes in the endodermis reduce movement in the former pathway but the symplast is not interrupted by the elaboration of endodermal walls because plasmodesmatal connexions remain intact. These observations help explain the contrasting extent to which different ions and water reach the shoot from young and mature parts of root systems.

Rates of water uptake into the mature root system of maize plants

1993 ◽  
Vol 123 (4) ◽  
pp. 775-786 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. T. VARNEY ◽  
M. J. CANNY
Keyword(s):  
Root System ◽  
Water Uptake ◽  
Maize Plants ◽  
Mature Root

Field estimation of water extraction coefficients with APSIM-Slurp for water uptake assessments in perennial forages

2018 ◽  
Vol 222 ◽  
pp. 26-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edmar I. Teixeira ◽  
Hamish E. Brown ◽  
Alexandre Michel ◽  
Esther Meenken ◽  
Wei Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Uptake ◽  
Water Extraction ◽  
Field Estimation

Study on the characteristic of light transmission in a single-multimode fiber

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (10) ◽  
pp. 2050098
Author(s):  
Ying Liu ◽  
Ruo-Nan Kang ◽  
Bin Wang ◽  
Fei-Fei Guo ◽  
Kun Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Light Transmission ◽  
Superposition Principle ◽  
Multimode Fiber ◽  
Direct Transmission ◽  
Transmission Characteristics ◽  
Multimode Optical Fiber ◽  
Transmission Process ◽  
Transmission Imaging ◽  
Compensation Principle

Based upon the optical coherence superposition principle, a system to acquire light transmitted by a single-multimode fiber has been built. By collecting the optical interference images and using MATLAB software for analysis, the target light transmitted by a single-multimode optical fiber can be extracted from it. Thus, the transmission characteristics of light in a single-multimode optical fiber can be obtained, aiming to realize the direct transmission imaging through the multimode optical fiber by the compensation principle according to the change of phase in the transmission process and to provide technical support for the development of medical examination and medical devices in China.

Water drawdown by radish (Raphanus sativus L.) multiple-root systems evaluated using computed tomography

Soil Research ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 228
Author(s):  
M. A. Hamza ◽  
S. H. Anderson ◽  
L. A. G. Aylmore
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Soil Water Content ◽  
Water Uptake ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Multiple Root ◽  
Root Systems ◽  
Bulk Soil ◽  
Water Drawdown

Although measurements of water drawdown by single radish root systems have been previously published by the authors, further research is needed to evaluate water drawdown patterns in multiple-root systems. The objective of this study was to compare water transpiration patterns estimated using X-ray computed tomography (CT) with the traditional gravimetric method and to evaluate the effects of variably spaced multiple root systems on soil water content and corresponding water content gradients. Water drawdown showed a dual pattern in which it increased rapidly when soil water content was high at the beginning of transpiration, then slowed down to an almost constant level with time as water content decreased. These results contrast with the single-root system wherein transpiration rates initially increased rapidly and then slowly increased with time. Water uptake estimated using the CT method was observed to be 27–38% lower than the gravimetrically estimated water uptake; this difference was attributed to lower water uptake for the upper 30 mm layer (CT measured) than lower layers due to differences in root density. However, good correlation (r = 0.97) was found between both measurement methods. The drawdown patterns for multiple root systems showed a convex shape from the root surface to the bulk soil, compared with a nearly linear shape for single roots. The water content drawdown areas and the drawdown distances for multiple root systems were found to be much larger than those corresponding to single radish roots. Differential water content gradients were observed for roots spaced at 15-mm distances compared with 3–4-mm distances. These differential gradients from the bulk soil towards the root-zone occurred probably creating localised water potential gradients within the root-zone, which moved water from between roots to root surfaces. The lowest water content values were located in the inter-root areas. The CT-scanned layer probably acted as one drawdown area with particularly higher water drawdown from the inter-root areas.

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