The Schwabe and Gleissberg Periods in the Wolf Sunspot Numbers and the Group Sunspot Numbers

Solar Physics ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 229 (1) ◽  
pp. 181-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. J. Li ◽  
P. X. Gao ◽  
T. W. Su
Keyword(s):  
Group Sunspot ◽  
Sunspot Numbers

scholarly journals Historical sunspot records

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rainer Arlt ◽  
José M. Vaquero
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Sunspot Number ◽  
Final Part ◽  
Group Sunspot ◽  
Naked Eye ◽  
Sunspot Numbers ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Physical Quantities

AbstractSunspot observations are available in fairly good numbers since 1610, after the invention of the telescope. This review is concerned with those sunspot observations of which longer records and drawings in particular are available. Those records bear information beyond the classical sunspot numbers or group sunspot numbers. We begin with a brief summary on naked-eye sunspot observations, in particular those with drawings. They are followed by the records of drawings from 1610 to about 1900. The review is not a compilation of all known historical sunspot information. Some records contributing substantially to the sunspot number time series may therefore be absent. We also glance at the evolution of the understanding of what sunspots actually are, from 1610 to the 19th century. The final part of the review illuminates the physical quantities that can be derived from historical drawings.

Reconstruction of Monthly and Yearly Group Sunspot Numbers From Sparse Daily Observations

Solar Physics ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 218 (1/2) ◽  
pp. 295-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.G. Usoskin ◽  
K. Mursula ◽  
G.A. Kovaltsov
Keyword(s):  
Group Sunspot ◽  
Sunspot Numbers

Low Dimensional Chaos from the Group Sunspot Numbers

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 435-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi-Xiu Li ◽  
Ke-Jun Li
Keyword(s):  
Group Sunspot ◽  
Sunspot Numbers ◽  
Low Dimensional

scholarly journals Relationship between group sunspot numbers and Wolf sunspot numbers

2010 ◽  
Vol 331 (7) ◽  
pp. 709-715 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.J. Li ◽  
H.F. Liang
Keyword(s):  
Group Sunspot ◽  
Sunspot Numbers

Discovery of the Near 158 Day Periodicity in Group Sunspot Numbers during the Eighteenth Century

1999 ◽  
Vol 522 (2) ◽  
pp. L153-L156 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Ballester ◽  
R. Oliver ◽  
F. Baudin
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Group Sunspot ◽  
Sunspot Numbers

Group Sunspot Numbers: A New Reconstruction of Sunspot Activity Variations from Historical Sunspot Records Using Algorithms from Machine Learning

Solar Physics ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 297 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Víctor Manuel Velasco Herrera ◽  
Willie Soon ◽  
Douglas V. Hoyt ◽  
Judit Muraközy
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Sunspot Activity ◽  
Group Sunspot ◽  
Sunspot Numbers

Regression Analysis of Sunspot Numbers for the Solar Cycle 24 in Comparison to Previous Three Cycles

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 477-483
Author(s):  
Debojyoti Halder
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Solar Cycle ◽  
Sunspot Number ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Sunspot Numbers ◽  
Solar Cycle 24 ◽  
Current Cycle ◽  
Cycle 24

Sunspots are temporary phenomena on the photosphere of the Sun which appear visibly as dark spots compared to surrounding regions. Sunspot populations usually rise fast but fall more slowly when observed for any particular solar cycle. The sunspot numbers for the current cycle 24 and the previous three cycles have been plotted for duration of first four years for each of them. It appears that the value of peak sunspot number for solar cycle 24 is smaller than the three preceding cycles. When regression analysis is made it exhibits a trend of slow rising phase of the cycle 24 compared to previous three cycles. Our analysis further shows that cycle 24 is approaching to a longer-period but with smaller occurrences of sunspot number.

Final relative sunspot-numbers for 1945

1946 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 267
Author(s):  
M. Waldmeier
Keyword(s):  
Sunspot Numbers
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