scholarly journals EBSD Study on Proeutectoid Ferrite and Eutectoid Ferrite Refinement Mechanism of D2 Wheel Steel Under a Rolling Condition

2021 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Hua ◽  
Jinzhi Pan ◽  
Pengtao Liu ◽  
Guanzhen Zhang ◽  
Si Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wheel Steel ◽  
Rolling Condition ◽  
Proeutectoid Ferrite ◽  
Refinement Mechanism

scholarly journals EBSD Study on Proeutectoid Ferrite and Eutectoid Ferrite Refinement Mechanism of D2 Wheel Steel Under a Rolling Condition

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Hua ◽  
Pengtao Liu ◽  
Xiujuan Zhao ◽  
Chong Su ◽  
Ruiming Ren
Keyword(s):  
Dislocation Density ◽  
Shear Strain ◽  
Dislocation Cell ◽  
Rolling Contact ◽  
Wheel Steel ◽  
Size Difference ◽  
High Angle ◽  
Average Grain Size ◽  
Proeutectoid Ferrite ◽  
Refinement Mechanism

Abstract In this paper, the SEM (with EBSD system) is used to study the refinement mechanism of proeutectoid ferrite (Pro-f) and eutectoid ferrite (Eut-f) of D2 wheel steel in a rolling contact. The results indicate that with the increase of the shear strain (γ<0.21), the dislocation density in the proeutectoid ferrite increased continuously, and the dislocation cells formed were uniformly distributed in the grains. Subsequently, the dislocation cell boundaries were changed into low-angle boundaries (LABs), and then the low-angle boundaries were gradually changed into the high-angle boundaries (HABs), and the average grain size was refined from the original 8 μm to 710 nm. When the shear strain is at 0.21≤γ≤0.84, dislocation piled up occurred at the ferrite side of the interface of eutectoid ferrite/cementite, and the spatial misorientation between adjacent two eutectoid ferrites increased gradually, then the ferrite lamellar is divided into bamboo-like by the low-angle boundaries, and proeutectoid ferrite the grains are gradually refined into equiaxed grain. When the shear strain is at 0.84<γ<3.314, the number of high-angle boundaries inside the eutectoid ferrite lamellar increased, and it is refined into bamboo-like grains. The two kinds of ferrite grains are repeatedly refined many times by the equiaxial grains "elongation- bamboo like refinement-elongation", which gradually reduced the size difference. As the shear strain further increases, the two kinds of ferrite are completely mixed into the same morphology, the dislocation density is dramatically reduced, and ultra-fine equiaxed grains about 110 nm is formed.

scholarly journals An Investigation on Wear Behavior of ER8 and SSW-Q3R Wheel Steel under Pure Rolling Condition

Metals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hai Zhao ◽  
Pengtao Liu ◽  
Yi Ding ◽  
Bo Jiang ◽  
Xuehua Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Compressive Stress ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Residual Compressive Stress ◽  
Wheel Steel ◽  
Wear Property ◽  
Fatigue Wear ◽  
Rolling Condition ◽  
Pure Rolling

In this paper, the wear property of ER8 and SSW-Q3R wheel steel under pure rolling condition was studied by GMP-30 wear tester. The results showed that the wear loss of the ER8 wheel steel was higher than that of the SSW-Q3R wheel steel at the same cycles. The high carbon content of the SSW-Q3R improved the surface hardness during rolling wear. The high hardness increased the wear resistance of the SSW-Q3R wheel steel. During rolling wear, the fatigue wear resistance of ER8 wheel was worse than that of the SSW-Q3R wheel steel due to more proeutectoid ferrite content in ER8 wheel steel. The surface residual stress of ER8 and SSW-Q3R wheel steel increased with the increase in cycles. The axial residual compressive stress on the surface of the sample was greater than the circumferential residual compressive stress. The residual stress at the trough was higher than that at the crest.

scholarly journals Microstructural Evolution and Refinement Mechanism of a Beta–Gamma TiAl-Based Alloy during Multidirectional Isothermal Forging

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (15) ◽  
pp. 2496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Zhu ◽  
Shoujiang Qu ◽  
Aihan Feng ◽  
Jingli Sun ◽  
Jun Shen
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Recrystallization ◽  
Microstructural Evolution ◽  
Lamellar Microstructure ◽  
Phase Region ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Electron Backscattered Diffraction ◽  
Isothermal Forging ◽  
Continuous Dynamic Recrystallization ◽  
Mixture Phase ◽  
Refinement Mechanism

Multidirectional isothermal forging (MDIF) was used on a Ti-44Al-4Nb-1.5Cr-0.5Mo-0.2B (at. %) alloy to obtain a crack-free pancake. The microstructural evolution, such as dynamic recovery and recrystallization behavior, were investigated using electron backscattered diffraction and transmission electron microscopy methods. The MDIF broke down the initial near-lamellar microstructure and produced a refined and homogeneous duplex microstructure. γ grains were effectively refined from 3.6 μm to 1.6 μm after the second step of isothermal forging. The ultimate tensile strength at ambient temperature and the elongation at 800 °C increased significantly after isothermal forging. β/B2→α2 transition occurred during intermediate annealing, and α2 + γ→β/B2 transition occurred during the second step of isothermal forging. The refinement mechanism of the first-step isothermal forging process involved the conversion of the lamellar structure and discontinuous dynamic recrystallization (DDRX) of γ grains in the original mixture-phase region. The lamellar conversion included continuous dynamic recrystallization and DDRX of the γ laths and bugling of the γ phase. DDRX behavior of γ grains dominated the refinement mechanism of the second step of isothermal forging.

Production of High-Quality Wheel Steel. Part 1. Production Aspects of Continuously-Cast Billet Quality for Railway Wheel Manufacture

Metallurgist ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Pumpyanskiy ◽  
S. V. Tyutyunik ◽  
E. A. Kolokolov ◽  
A. A. Mescheryachenko ◽  
I. S. Murzin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Steel Part ◽  
Wheel Steel ◽  
Cast Billet ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Railway Wheel ◽  
Billet Quality ◽  
Continuously Cast Billet ◽  
Continuously Cast

Investigation on Static Softening Behaviors of a Low Carbon Steel Under Ferritic Rolling Condition

2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haifeng Dong ◽  
Dayong Cai ◽  
Zhengzheng Zhao ◽  
Zhiyong Wang ◽  
Yuhui Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Rolling Condition ◽  
Static Softening ◽  
Ferritic Rolling

Effects of pre-annealing and rolling condition on magnetic property of thin-gauged 3% Si-Fe sheet

1997 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 279-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.H. Heo ◽  
Y.J. Kim ◽  
J.G. Na ◽  
S.R. Lee ◽  
D.R. Son ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Property ◽  
Rolling Condition

Grain refinement mechanism of metamorphic layers by abrasive grinding hardening

2021 ◽  
Vol 69 ◽  
pp. 125-141
Author(s):  
Cong Sun ◽  
Yuan Hong ◽  
Shichao Xiu ◽  
Yunlong Yao
Keyword(s):  
Grain Refinement ◽  
Refinement Mechanism ◽  
Grinding Hardening

Improvement of the technology of the out-of-furnace treatment of wheel steel

2008 ◽  
Vol 2008 (7) ◽  
pp. 553-561 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. S. Shibaev ◽  
A. K. Garber ◽  
K. V. Grigorovich ◽  
A. M. Arsenkin ◽  
A. A. Shishov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wheel Steel ◽  
Furnace Treatment
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