Fate of Bulk Organic Matter, Nitrogen, and Pharmaceutically Active Compounds in Batch Experiments Simulating Soil Aquifer Treatment (SAT) Using Primary Effluent

2013 ◽  
Vol 224 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chol D. T. Abel ◽  
Saroj K. Sharma ◽  
Sung Kyu Maeng ◽  
Aleksandra Magic-Knezev ◽  
Maria D. Kennedy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Aquifer Treatment ◽  
Batch Experiments ◽  
Pharmaceutically Active Compounds ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
Bulk Organic Matter

Impact of hydraulic loading rate and media type on removal of bulk organic matter and nitrogen from primary effluent in a laboratory-scale soil aquifer treatment system

2013 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 217-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chol D. T. Abel ◽  
Saroj K. Sharma ◽  
Ervin Buçpapaj ◽  
Maria D. Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Loading Rate ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Silica Sand ◽  
Soil Aquifer Treatment ◽  
Nitrogen Reduction ◽  
Hydraulic Loading Rate ◽  
Hydraulic Loading ◽  
Media Type ◽  
Bulk Organic Matter

The effect of hydraulic loading rate (HLR) and media type on the removal of bulk organic matter and nitrogen from primary effluent during soil aquifer treatment was investigated by conducting laboratory-scale soil column studies. Two soil columns packed with silica sand were operated at HLRs of 0.625 and 1.25 m/d, while a third column was packed with dune filtering material and operated at HLR of 1.25 m/d. Bulk organic matter was effectively removed by 47.5 ± 1.2% and 45.1 ± 1.2% in silica sand columns operated at 0.625 and 1.25 m/d, respectively and 57.3 ± 7.6% in dune filtering material column operated at 1.25 m/d. Ammonium-nitrogen reduction of 74.5 ± 18.0% was achieved at 0.625 m/d compared to 39.1 ± 4.3% at 1.25 m/d in silica sand columns, whereas 49.2 ± 5.2% ammonium-nitrogen reduction was attained at 1.25 m/d in the dune filtering material column. Ammonium-nitrogen reduction in the first 3 m was assumed to be dominated by nitrification process evidenced by corresponding increase in nitrate. Part of the ammonium-nitrogen was adsorbed onto the media, which was observed at higher rates between 3 and 5 m in silica sand column operated at HLR of 0.625 m/d and dune filtering material column operated at 1.25 m/d compared to 1.25 m/d silica.

The impact of alum coagulation on pharmaceutically active compounds, endocrine disrupting compounds and natural organic matter

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1348-1357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabrina Diemert ◽  
Robert C. Andrews
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
River Water ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting Compounds ◽  
Pharmaceutically Active Compounds ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting ◽  
Grand River ◽  
The Impact

This study assessed the impact of chemical coagulation using alum on the removal of three endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs; bisphenol A, clofibric acid and estriol) and nine pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs; acetaminophen, carbamazepine, diclofenac, gemfibrozil, ketoprofen, naproxen, pentoxifylline, sulfamethoxazole and sulfachloropyridazine). The impact on natural organic matter (NOM) fractions as determined using liquid chromatography–organic carbon detection (LC–OCD; total dissolved organic carbon (DOC), hydrophobic DOC, biopolymers, humic substances, building blocks, low molecular weight neutrals and acids) was also examined. Three test surface waters were included: Lake Ontario, Grand River and Otonabee River water (Ontario, Canada). Gemfibrozil concentrations were reduced in both Otonabee and Grand River waters. Reductions were noted for carbamazepine and (inconsistently) for acetaminophen, and estrone appeared to increase in concentration in Grand River water with increasing alum doses. NOM removal was primarily attributed to the humic fraction, with small reductions in biopolymers in all of the waters studied.

Pharmaceutically Active Compounds Degradation Using Doped TiO2 Functionalized Zeolite Photocatalyst

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Ihos ◽  
Corneliu Bogatu ◽  
Carmen Lazau ◽  
Florica Manea ◽  
Rodica Pode
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Active Compound ◽  
Uv Spectra ◽  
Pharmaceutically Active Compounds ◽  
Mineralization Process ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
Spectra Analysis ◽  
Doped Tio2 ◽  
Toc Removal ◽  
Pharmaceutically Active Compound

The aim of this study was the investigation of photocatalytic degradation of pharmaceutically active compounds using doped TiO2 functionalized zeolite photocatalyst. Diclofenac (DCF), a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, that represents a biorefractory micropollutant, was chosen as model of pharmaceutically active compound. The photocatalyst was Z-TiO2-Ag. The concentration of DCF in the working solutions was 10 mg/L,50 mg/L,100 mg/L and 200 mg/L and of photocatalyst 1 g/L in any experiments. The process was monitored by recording the UV spectra of the treated solutions and total organic carbon (TOC) determination. The UV spectra analysis and TOC removal proved that along the advanced degradation of DCF also a mineralization process occurred. The carried out research provided useful information envisaging the treatment of pharmaceutical effluents by photocatalysis.

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