Real-Time Control System Based on the Values of Derivative of the Redox Potential Aiming Nitrogen Removal in a Sequencing Batch Reactor Applied in Treating Dairy Wastewater

Integrated real-time control (RTC) concepts, which are trying to operate drainage systems and WWTPs depending on the current capacities of both systems, are becoming more and more important. While almost all publications in this field have been concentrating on continuous flow systems, this paper will present a project which has been initiated to realise an integrated RTC strategy for a Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) plant in simulation as well as in full-scale. The results of the simulation are that SBR plants can handle high hydraulic loads. The cost–benefit analysis shows that an integrated operation is reasonable concerning environmental and economic aspects. In order to verify the simulation results, full-scale operation has been started in January 2004. The first results seem to confirm the results of the simulation study.

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A process-dependent real-time controller for sequencing batch reactor plants: results of full-scale operation

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2006.118 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 53 (4-5) ◽

pp. 143-150 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

J. Wiese ◽

J. Simon ◽

H. Steinmetz

Keyword(s):

Real Time ◽

Sequencing Batch Reactor ◽

Batch Reactor ◽

Full Scale ◽

Treatment Efficiency ◽

Real Time Control ◽

Reactor Plant ◽

Research Project ◽

Time Control ◽

N Treatment

This paper presents results of a research project, in which a process-dependent real-time control (RTC) strategy for a sequencing batch reactor plant was realised in full-scale. The cycle controller is based on NH4 analysers, NO3 probes, TSS probes and sludge level probes. With this new RTC strategy it was possible to increase the treatment capacity by 50%. By implementation of the new controller the TN, TP and NH4-N treatment efficiency could be improved significantly, too. The treatment efficiency concerning COD is comparable.

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A Case Study on Analytical Analysis of the Inverted Pendulum Real-Time Control System

10.21236/ada373286 ◽

1999 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Danbing Seto ◽

Lui Sha

Keyword(s):

Control System ◽

Real Time ◽

Inverted Pendulum ◽

Real Time Control ◽

Analytical Analysis ◽

Time Control

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Nitrogen Removal in a Real-Time Controlled Sequencing Batch Membrane Bioreactor

Water Practice & Technology ◽

10.2166/wpt.2010.065 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Cheng-Nan Chang ◽

Li-Ling Lee ◽

Han-Hsien Huang ◽

Ying-Chih Chiu

Keyword(s):

Real Time ◽

Nitrogen Removal ◽

Membrane Bioreactor ◽

Synthetic Wastewater ◽

Real Time Control ◽

Time Control ◽

Cake Layer ◽

On Line ◽

Solid Liquid ◽

Solid Liquid Separation

The performance of a real-time controlled Sequencing Batch Membrane Bioreactor (SBMBR) for removing organic matter and nitrogen from synthetic wastewater has been investigated in this study under two specific ammonia loadings of 0.0086 and 0.0045g NH4+-N gVSS−1 day−1. Laboratory results indicate that both COD and DOC removal are greater than 97.5% (w/w) but the major benefit of using membrane for solid-liquid separation is that the effluent can be decanted through the membrane while aeration is continued during the draw stage. With a continued aeration, the sludge cake layer is prevented from forming thus alleviating the membrane clogging problem in addition to significant nitrification activities observed in the draw stage. With adequate aeration in the oxic stage, the nitrogen removal efficiency exceeding 99% can be achieved with the SBMBR system. Furthermore, the SBMBR system has also been used to study the occurrence of ammonia valley and nitrate knee that can be used for real-time control of the biological process. Under appropriate ammonia loading rates, applicable ammonia valley and nitrate knee are detected. The real-time control of the SBMBR can be performed based on on-line ORP and pH measurements.

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A New Flexible Rapid Thermal Processing System

MRS Proceedings ◽

10.1557/proc-389-307 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 389 ◽

Author(s):

K. C. Saraswat ◽

Y. Chen ◽

L. Degertekin ◽

B. T. Khuri-Yakub

Keyword(s):

Control System ◽

Real Time ◽

Processing System ◽

Process Conditions ◽

Temperature Uniformity ◽

Real Time Control ◽

Wafer Temperature ◽

Time Control ◽

Wide Range ◽

Optical Flux

ABSTRACTA highly flexible Rapid Thermal Multiprocessing (RTM) reactor is described. This flexibility is the result of several new innovations: a lamp system, an acoustic thermometer and a real-time control system. The new lamp has been optimally designed through the use of a “virtual reactor” methodology to obtain the best possible wafer temperature uniformity. It consists of multiple concentric rings composed of light bulbs with horizontal filaments. Each ring is independently and dynamically controlled providing better control over the spatial and temporal optical flux profile resulting in excellent temperature uniformity over a wide range of process conditions. An acoustic thermometer non-invasively allows complete wafer temperature tomography under all process conditions - a critically important measurement never obtained before. For real-time equipment and process control a model based multivariable control system has been developed. Extensive integration of computers and related technology for specification, communication, execution, monitoring, control, and diagnosis demonstrates the programmability of the RTM.

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