Legacy and alternative brominated, chlorinated, and organophosphorus flame retardants in indoor dust—levels, composition profiles, and human exposure in Latvia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elina Pasecnaja ◽  
Ingus Perkons ◽  
Vadims Bartkevics ◽  
Dzintars Zacs
Keyword(s):  
Human Exposure ◽  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Indoor Dust ◽  
Composition Profiles ◽  
Organophosphorus Flame Retardants

Occurrence of organophosphorus flame retardants in indoor dust in multiple microenvironments of southern China and implications for human exposure

Chemosphere ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 133 ◽  
pp. 47-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun-Tao He ◽  
Jing Zheng ◽  
Lin Qiao ◽  
She-Jun Chen ◽  
Jun-Zhi Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Exposure ◽  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Indoor Dust ◽  
Organophosphorus Flame Retardants

scholarly journals Occurrence and human exposure to brominated and organophosphorus flame retardants via indoor dust in a Brazilian city

2018 ◽  
Vol 237 ◽  
pp. 695-703 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joyce Cristale ◽  
Tiago Gomes Aragão Belé ◽  
Silvia Lacorte ◽  
Mary Rosa Rodrigues de Marchi
Keyword(s):  
Human Exposure ◽  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Indoor Dust ◽  
Organophosphorus Flame Retardants

Occurrence of alternative flame retardants in indoor dust from New Zealand: Indoor sources and human exposure assessment

Chemosphere ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 88 (11) ◽  
pp. 1276-1282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadeem Ali ◽  
Alin C. Dirtu ◽  
Nele Van den Eede ◽  
Emma Goosey ◽  
Stuart Harrad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Exposure Assessment ◽  
Human Exposure ◽  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Indoor Dust ◽  
Indoor Sources ◽  
Human Exposure Assessment

Brominated and organophosphate flame retardants in indoor dust of Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: Implications for human exposure

2016 ◽  
Vol 569-570 ◽  
pp. 269-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadeem Ali ◽  
Syed Ali Musstjab Akber Shah Eqani ◽  
Iqbal Mohammad Ibrahim Ismail ◽  
Govindan Malarvannan ◽  
Mohammad W. Kadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Human Exposure ◽  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Indoor Dust ◽  
Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia

Levels, distribution and human exposure of new non-BDE brominated flame retardants in the indoor dust of China

2014 ◽  
Vol 195 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Qi ◽  
Wen-Long Li ◽  
Li-Yan Liu ◽  
Zi-Feng Zhang ◽  
Ning-Zheng Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Exposure ◽  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Brominated Flame Retardants ◽  
Indoor Dust

scholarly journals Organophosphate Flame Retardants in Car Dust from Thailand and Implications for Human Exposure

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Premrudee Kanchanapiya ◽  
◽  
Benjawan Nilyok ◽  
Supachai Songngam ◽  
Sun Olapiriyakul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Indoor Dust ◽  
Bag Filter ◽  
Settled Dust ◽  
Organophosphorus Flame Retardants ◽  
Filter Dust ◽  
Reference Doses ◽  
Human Health Effects ◽  
Dust Ingestion

Organophosphorus flame retardants (PFRs) are a group of compounds frequently detected in indoor dust that pose high health risks to exposure subjects. The present study reports on the investigation of the levels and profiles of seven target PFRs in car dust samples from Thailand. The samples were collected from the discarded air conditioning (AC) filter of 14 private cars (called AC dust samples) and from the bag filter installed in vacuum cleaners of 10 car washing services (called settled dust samples) in 2019. The concentrations of 7PFRs in AC dust samples were approximately 3,800-91,000 ng/g, whereas those from settled dust samples were about 11,000 to 15,000 ng/g. Tris (2-butoxyethyl) phosphate (TBEP) was found to be the most prominent of PFRs detected in both types of car dust with the highest concentration of 39,000 ng/g for AC filter dust and 10,000 ng/g for settled dust. The main PFR contributors in both dust types were TBEP (80%, 75%), followed by Tris (2-ethylhexyl) phosphate (TEHP) (9%, 5%) and tris(1-chloro-2-propyl)phosphate (TCPP) (7%, 4%), respectively. Tris(2-chloroethyl)phosphate (TCEP) and tri cresyl phosphate (TCP) were not detected in both types of car dust and tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TDCPP) was found only in settled dust samples. According to the results of exposure assessment to PFRs in car dust, the human exposures via ingestion for adults and toddlers ranged from 1.69×10-2 to 2.67 and 10.6 to 2,360 ng/kg/day. The human exposures via inhalation for adults and toddlers ranged from 3.27×10-4 to 5.17x10-2 and 2.58×10-1 to 40.9 ng/kg/day. The highest exposure among PFRs corresponded to TBEP for both adults and toddlers and the risk through ingestion was higher than inhalation intake. Toddlers were more exposed to PFR contaminants in comparison to adults. When comparing the estimated average daily intake (ADI) values with the reference doses (RfDs) for PFRs, it was found that exposure to PFRs in car cabins via inhalation and dust ingestion is unlikely to have adverse human health effects.

Concentrations of legacy and novel brominated flame retardants in indoor dust in Melbourne, Australia: An assessment of human exposure

2018 ◽  
Vol 113 ◽  
pp. 191-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas J. McGrath ◽  
Paul D. Morrison ◽  
Andrew S. Ball ◽  
Bradley O. Clarke
Keyword(s):  
Human Exposure ◽  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Brominated Flame Retardants ◽  
Indoor Dust

Analytical developments and preliminary assessment of human exposure to organophosphate flame retardants from indoor dust

2011 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 454-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nele Van den Eede ◽  
Alin C. Dirtu ◽  
Hugo Neels ◽  
Adrian Covaci
Keyword(s):  
Human Exposure ◽  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Indoor Dust ◽  
Preliminary Assessment
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