scholarly journals Distribution of ETBE-degrading microorganisms and functional capability in groundwater, and implications for characterising aquifer ETBE biodegradation potential

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry C. G. Nicholls ◽  
Stephen A. Rolfe ◽  
Helen E. H. Mallinson ◽  
Markus Hjort ◽  
Michael J. Spence ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Copy Number ◽  
Functional Capability ◽  
Butyl Ether ◽  
Monitoring Wells ◽  
Taxonomic Analysis ◽  
Groundwater Aquifer ◽  
Sediment Slurry ◽  
Slurry Sample ◽  
Laboratory Microcosm ◽  
Microcosm Studies

AbstractMicrobes in aquifers are present suspended in groundwater or attached to the aquifer sediment. Groundwater is often sampled at gasoline ether oxygenate (GEO)-impacted sites to assess the potential biodegradation of organic constituents. However, the distribution of GEO-degrading microorganisms between the groundwater and aquifer sediment must be understood to interpret this potential. In this study, the distribution of ethyl tert-butyl ether (ETBE)-degrading organisms and ETBE biodegradation potential was investigated in laboratory microcosm studies and mixed groundwater-aquifer sediment samples obtained from pumped monitoring wells at ETBE-impacted sites. ETBE biodegradation potential (as determined by quantification of the ethB gene) was detected predominantly in the attached microbial communities and was below detection limit in the groundwater communities. The copy number of ethB genes varied with borehole purge volume at the field sites. Members of the Comamonadaceae and Gammaproteobacteria families were identified as responders for ETBE biodegradation. However, the detection of the ethB gene is a more appropriate function-based indicator of ETBE biodegradation potential than taxonomic analysis of the microbial community. The study shows that a mixed groundwater-aquifer sediment (slurry) sample collected from monitoring wells after minimal purging can be used to assess the aquifer ETBE biodegradation potential at ETBE-release sites using this function-based concept.

Assessment of MTBE biodegradation in contaminated groundwater using 13C and 14C analysis: Field and laboratory microcosm studies

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 828-837 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven F. Thornton ◽  
Simon H. Bottrell ◽  
Keith H. Spence ◽  
Roger Pickup ◽  
Michael J. Spence ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Groundwater ◽  
Laboratory Microcosm ◽  
Microcosm Studies

scholarly journals Acetylene-Fueled Trichloroethene Reductive Dechlorination in a Groundwater Enrichment Culture

mBio ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Gushgari-Doyle ◽  
Ronald S. Oremland ◽  
Ray Keren ◽  
Shaun M. Baesman ◽  
Denise M. Akob ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Reductive Dechlorination ◽  
Enrichment Culture ◽  
The United States ◽  
Degradation Pathway ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Dehalococcoides Mccartyi ◽  
Abiotic Degradation ◽  
Laboratory Microcosm ◽  
Microcosm Studies

ABSTRACT In aquifers, acetylene (C2H2) is a product of abiotic degradation of trichloroethene (TCE) catalyzed by in situ minerals. C2H2 can, in turn, inhibit multiple microbial processes including TCE dechlorination and metabolisms that commonly support dechlorination, in addition to supporting the growth of acetylenotrophic microorganisms. Previously, C2H2 was shown to support TCE reductive dechlorination in synthetic, laboratory-constructed cocultures containing the acetylenotroph Pelobacter sp. strain SFB93 and Dehalococcoides mccartyi strain 195 or strain BAV1. In this study, we demonstrate TCE and perchloroethene (PCE) reductive dechlorination by a microbial community enriched from contaminated groundwater and amended with C2H2 as the sole electron donor and organic carbon source. The metagenome of the stable, enriched community was analyzed to elucidate putative community functions. A novel anaerobic acetylenotroph in the phylum Actinobacteria was identified using metagenomic analysis. These results demonstrate that the coupling of acetylenotrophy and reductive dechlorination can occur in the environment with native bacteria and broaden our understanding of biotransformation at contaminated sites containing both TCE and C2H2. IMPORTANCE Understanding the complex metabolisms of microbial communities in contaminated groundwaters is a challenge. PCE and TCE are among the most common groundwater contaminants in the United States that, when exposed to certain minerals, exhibit a unique abiotic degradation pathway in which C2H2 is a product. C2H2 can act as both an inhibitor of TCE dechlorination and of supporting metabolisms and an energy source for acetylenotrophic bacteria. Here, we combine laboratory microcosm studies with computational approaches to enrich and characterize an environmental microbial community that couples two uncommon metabolisms, demonstrating unique metabolic interactions only yet reported in synthetic, laboratory-constructed settings. Using this comprehensive approach, we have identified the first reported anaerobic acetylenotroph in the phylum Actinobacteria, demonstrating the yet-undescribed diversity of this metabolism that is widely considered to be uncommon.

OIL-DEGRADING POTENTIAL OF SURFICIAL SEDIMENTS NEAR OIL-PRODUCING PLATFORMS

1981 ◽  
Vol 1981 (1) ◽  
pp. 725-730
Author(s):  
L. R. Brown ◽  
K. L. Jeanes ◽  
W. F. Greenleaf ◽  
Geoff Frank
Keyword(s):  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Straight Chain ◽  
Sediment Samples ◽  
Enrichment Cultures ◽  
Pure Cultures ◽  
Laboratory Microcosm ◽  
Oil Concentration ◽  
Branched Chain ◽  
Microcosm Studies

ABSTRACT All surficial sediment samples were obtained either from areas near oil production platforms or from control areas some distance from these platforms during three separate cruises. All samples contained organisms capable of degrading crude oil in laboratory microcosm studies. Under conditions designed to test oil-degrading potential in situ, rate of degradation was not appreciably influenced by temperature fluctuations within a range of 15 to 27°C, or oil concentration, nor was it increased by added phosphorus or nitrogen. The maximum oil-degrading potential of the sediments was calculated to be 56 micrograms hydrocarbon carbon converted to carbon dioxide per milliliter of sediment per day. Oxygen diffusion into the sediments appeared to be the rate-limiting factor. Enrichment cultures prepared from platform sediments were more active than enrichment cultures prepared from control sediments. Studies with mixed and pure cultures revealed substrate preference for straight-chain hydrocarbons over the branched-chain compounds and aromatics. Some high molecular weight straight-chain aliphatics (about C30) and large amounts of branched-chain (C24 or C25) aliphatics were produced by some pure cultures isolated from sediment samples.

The Influence of Sediment - Water Interactions in an Impoundment on Downstream Water Quality

1982 ◽  
Vol 14 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 227-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
T J Grizzard ◽  
C W Randall ◽  
E M Jennelle
Keyword(s):  
Water Column ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Mountain Lake ◽  
Surficial Sediments ◽  
Laboratory Microcosm ◽  
Microcosm Studies ◽  
Point And Diffuse Sources ◽  
The Impact

A program of in situ and laboratory studies was conducted in the Southwestern Region of Virginia, U.S.A. to determine the role of the deposited sediments of the Niagara Reservoir in affecting the quality of the flow of the Roanoke River above the headwaters of Smith Mountain Lake. Agronomic analysis techniques were adapted and applied to provide quantitative analysis capability for the sediments. The surficial sediments were observed to constitute a considerable reservoir of phosphorus, which, during the anoxic bottom conditions occurring during the summer months, caused an enhancement of concentrations in the water column. Conversely, during the winter months, the surficial sediments acted as a phosphorus sink, removing it from the water column. Laboratory microcosm studies made it possible to quantify the release and removal of phosphorus under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, and to observe the factors upon which the exchanges depended. The phosphorus interactions were found to be governed principally by sediment iron and organic matter content. The deposited sediments of Niagara Impoundment showed a capacity to redistribute the impoundment influent nutrient load, causing an enhancement of the quantities released during the summer months, thus magnifying the impact on the waters of Smith Mountain Lake. The maintenance of aerobic benthic conditions could prevent the sediment releases from occurring. In the long term, sediment nutrients deposited in the past, without proper control, could provide a continuing source of phosphorus to the waters of Smith Mountain Lake, thereby reducing the effectiveness of upstream control of point and diffuse sources.

Identification of Novel Germline and Tumor-Specific Nucleotide Variants and Copy Number Variation in Clival Chordomas by Exome Sequencing

2015 ◽  
Vol 76 (S 01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgios Zenonos ◽  
Peter Howard ◽  
Maureen Lyons-Weiler ◽  
Wang Eric ◽  
William LaFambroise ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Copy Number Variation ◽  
Exome Sequencing ◽  
Copy Number ◽  
Number Variation ◽  
Specific Nucleotide

The impact of paralog genes: detection of copy number variation in spinal muscle atrophy patients

BIOCELL ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 87-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio LAURITO ◽  
Juan A. CUETO ◽  
Jimena PEREZ ◽  
Mar韆 ROQU�
Keyword(s):  
Copy Number Variation ◽  
Muscle Atrophy ◽  
Copy Number ◽  
Number Variation ◽  
The Impact

Diatoms (Bacillariophyta) of the Baksan River (Azau) (Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, Central Caucasus)

2019 ◽  
pp. 138-141
Author(s):  
Timur L. Slonov ◽  
Janet H. Adzhiyeva ◽  
Lyudin H. Slonov
Keyword(s):  
Diatom Flora ◽  
Taxonomic Analysis ◽  
Central Caucasus

The results of the study of diatoms of the Baksan (Azau) River (Central Caucasus) are presented. In total 41 species and varieties of diatoms belonging to 16 genera were identified. The taxonomic analysis of diatom flora of this ecosystem is carried out.

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