Microfossils and molecular records in oil shales of the Songliao Basin and implications for paleo-depositional environment

2009 ◽  
Vol 52 (10) ◽  
pp. 1559-1571 ◽  
Author(s):  
ZiHui Feng ◽  
Wei Fang ◽  
Xue Wang ◽  
ChunYan Huang ◽  
QiuLi Huo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depositional Environment ◽  
Songliao Basin ◽  
Oil Shales

scholarly journals Organic Geochemical Characteristics of the Upper Cretaceous Qingshankou Formation Oil Shales in the Fuyu Oilfield, Songliao Basin, China: Implications for Oil-Generation Potential and Depositional Environment

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (24) ◽  
pp. 4778 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wentong He ◽  
Youhong Sun ◽  
Wei Guo ◽  
Xuanlong Shan ◽  
Siyuan Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Carbon Cycle ◽  
Depositional Environment ◽  
Global Carbon Cycle ◽  
Songliao Basin ◽  
Oil Generation ◽  
Oil Shales ◽  
Extractable Organic Matter ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Global Carbon

The Cretaceous Era has always been a focus of geologic and palaeoenvironmental studies. Previous researchers believed that the impact of the global carbon cycle represents significant short-term global biogeochemical fluctuations, leading to the formation of a large number of organic rich sediments in the marine environment. During the Turonian, a large number of organic-rich oil shales were deposited in the lakes of the Songliao Basin in the Qingshankou Formation. How the depositional environment affected the formation of oil shales in continental lakes and the characteristics of these oil shales remain controversial. In this paper, through sampling of Qingshankou Formation strata, various testing methods are used to provide a variety of new data to study the characteristics of oil shales and palaeoenvironment evolution history in the Songliao Basin. The research of the sediments in the Qingshankou Formation in the Fuyu oilfield, Songliao Basin, via result analysis revealed that the oil shales possess an excellent oil-generation potential with moderate-high total organic carbon (TOC) levels (0.58–9.43%), high hydrogen index (HI) values (265–959 mg hydrocarbons (HC)/g TOC), high extractable organic matter (EOM) levels (2.50–6.96 mg/g TOC) and high hydrocarbon fractions (48–89%). The sources of the organic matter were mainly zooplankton, red algae and higher plants (including marine organisms). The aqueous palaeoenvironment of the Qingshankou Formation was a saline water environment with a high sulfate concentration, which promoted an increase in nutrients and stratification of the water density in the lake basin. Oxygen consumption in the bottom water layer promoted the accumulation and burial of high-abundance organic matter, thus forming the high-quality oil shales in the Qingshankou Formation. The global carbon cycle, warm-humid palaeoclimate, dynamic local biogeochemical cycling and relative passive tectonism were the most likely reasons for the TOC increase and negative δ13Corg deviation.

Depositional environment of Eocene oil shales of Wadi Shallala Formation from northern Jordan

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud H. Al-Tamimi ◽  
Mohammad Alqudah ◽  
Mohammad S. Al-Atawneh ◽  
Jamal Nazzal ◽  
Saeb AlShraideh
Keyword(s):  
Depositional Environment ◽  
Oil Shales ◽  
Northern Jordan

Depositional environment of the Late Santonian lacustrine source rocks in the Songliao Basin (NE China): Implications from organic geochemical analyses

2018 ◽  
Vol 124 ◽  
pp. 215-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoning Tong ◽  
Jianfang Hu ◽  
Dangpeng Xi ◽  
Mengbo Zhu ◽  
Jianzhong Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depositional Environment ◽  
Songliao Basin ◽  
Source Rocks ◽  
Ne China ◽  
Geochemical Analyses

scholarly journals Particle-Size Fractionation and Thermal Variation of Oil Shales in the Songliao Basin, NE China: Implication for Hydrocarbon-Generated Process

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (21) ◽  
pp. 7191
Author(s):  
Jianliang Jia ◽  
Zhaojun Liu
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Vitrinite Reflectance ◽  
Thermal Analyses ◽  
Songliao Basin ◽  
Particle Analysis ◽  
Hydrocarbon Generation ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
Thermal Variation ◽  
Hydrocarbon Generation Potential ◽  
Oil Shales

The synchronous variation and association of organic matter (OM) and minerals in the hydrocarbon-generated process of oil shales are poorly understood. The goal of the paper is to investigate OM occurrence and thermal variation so as to reveal the hydrocarbon generation potential of oil shales. Based on detailed analyses of particle, organic, mineral, and thermal data from lacustrine oil shales in the Songliao Basin, we observed three layers of shale particles after settling in the water column characterized by a distinct color, degree of consolidation, and particle size. The particle sizes are divided into three ranges of fine grain (<1 μm), medium grain (1–20 μm), and coarse grain (>20 μm) via laser particle analysis. The particle-size distribution indicates the presence of OM polymerization and dominant contribution of the associated mineral surface and bioclastic OMs to the OM abundance of oil shale. Various OM occurrences are influenced by OM sources and redox conditions, whereas the degree of biodecomposition and particle sizes affect the placement of OM occurrences. Based on multiple thermal analyses, a synchronous response of OM and minerals to thermal variation dominates at 300–550 °C. The I/S and chlorite minerals are characterized by an entire illitization, while solid/absorbed OMs and hydrocarbon-generated water were expelled in large quantities. This contributes to major loss weights of oil shales during heating. The peak hydrocarbon-generated rate occurred at 457 °C for oil shales, corresponding to around 1.3% vitrinite reflectance value. These results are suggested to improve the understanding of OM occurrences and the thermal degradation constraint on the hydrocarbon-generated process, and contribute to the interpretation of the hydrocarbon generation potential and in-situ exploitation of oil shales.

Depositional environment of terrestrial petroleum source rocks and geochemical indicators in the Songliao Basin

2011 ◽  
Vol 54 (9) ◽  
pp. 1304-1317 ◽  
Author(s):  
ZiHui Feng ◽  
Wei Fang ◽  
ZhenGuang Li ◽  
Xue Wang ◽  
QiuLi Huo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depositional Environment ◽  
Songliao Basin ◽  
Source Rocks ◽  
Geochemical Indicators

scholarly journals Sequence Stratigraphy and Geochemistry of Oil Shale Deposits in the Upper Cretaceous Qingshankou Formation of the Songliao Basin, NE China: Implications for the Geological Optimization of In Situ Oil Shale Conversion Processing

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 2964 ◽  
Author(s):  
Penglin Zhang ◽  
Yinbo Xu ◽  
Qingtao Meng ◽  
Zhaojun Liu ◽  
Jiaqiang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil Shale ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Songliao Basin ◽  
Hydrocarbon Generation ◽  
Sequence Stratigraphic ◽  
Potential Index ◽  
High Lake Level ◽  
Oil Shales ◽  
System Tracts

The Songliao Basin contains some of the largest volumes of oil shales in China; however, these energy sources are located in areas covered by arable land, meaning that the best way of exploiting them is likely to be environmentally friendly in situ conversion processing (ICP). Whether the oil shales of the Songliao Basin in the Qingshankou Formation are suitable for ICP remain controversial. In this paper, through sequence stratigraphic correlations, three main thick oil shale layers (N1, N2, and N3) of the Sequence1 (Sq1) unit in the first member of Qingshankou Formation (K2qn1) are confirmed as consistently present throughout the Southeastern Uplift region of the basin. The spectral trend attributes reflect that the lake reached a maximum flood surface of the K2qn1 in N2 oil shale layer, and the total organic carbon (TOC) and Fischer assay (FA) oil yield are significantly increasing. The N2 and N3 oil shale layers were deposited in a high lake level environment associated with ingressions of ocean water. The oil shale in these layers with the characteristics of high TOC (maximum of 23.9 wt %; average of 7.2 wt %), abundance of aquatic organic matter (OM) (maximum hydrogen index (HI) of 1080.2 mg/g; average of 889.9 mg/g) and carbonate contents (maximum of 29.5%; average of 15.4%). The N2 and N3 oil shale layers have higher brittleness index (BI) values (generally 40–50%), larger cumulative thicknesses (maximum of 13.3 m; average of 12.0 m), and much higher source potential index (SPI) values (0.92 and 0.88 tHC/m2, respectively) than the N1 oil shale layer within Sq1 transgressive system tracts (TST), indicating that the N2 and N3 layers are prospective targets for ICP. In addition, oil shales buried to depths of <1000 m have strong hydrocarbon generation capacities that make them suitable for ICP.

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