Double-endpoint Genotoxicity Quantification and PAHs Characterization of Drinking Water Source alongside Polluted Yinghe River with High Tumor Mortality

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-198
Author(s):  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Chen Guo ◽  
Xiao-li Wang ◽  
Zhan-lu Lv ◽  
Lin Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Drinking Water Source

scholarly journals The Characterization of Significant Direct Threats to Source Watersheds: a Risk-Based Approach

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alicia Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Giardia Lamblia ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Drinking Water Source ◽  
Water Protection ◽  
Quantitative Characterization ◽  
Drinking Water Resources

In 2004, the Ontario Ministry of the Environment proposed the 'Drinking water source protection act' which stipulated that, in the development of water protection plans, significant direct threats to source watersheds are to be identified. Examination of the major risk factors threatening water resources proved there are insufficient scientific data available to regulators to accomplish this task. Research showed E.coli O157:H7, Salmonella, Giardia lamblia, and Cryptosporidium parvum, and the sources of these pathogens in the environment are, qualitatively, significant threats to water resources. However, a quantitative characterization of significance depends of the failure probabilities of pathogen sources. Using the Ontario Spills Action Centre data, the occurrence of failure was found to have a high non-zero probability. However, considerable uncertainties revealed in these data suggest that a better understanding of failure is critical to accurately characterize significant threats to drinking water resources.

scholarly journals Characterization of Groundwater Quality of Drinking Water Source in Izu-Oshima Island by Multivariate Analysis

2005 ◽  
Vol 28 (12) ◽  
pp. 759-767 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi TOCHIMOTO ◽  
Noboru SEKIYAMA ◽  
Kumiko YAGUCHI ◽  
Hiroshi SETO
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Drinking Water Source

scholarly journals White and Red Brazilian São Simão’s Kaolinite–TiO2 Nanocomposites as Catalysts for Toluene Photodegradation from Aqueous Solutions

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (23) ◽  
pp. 3943
Author(s):  
Lucas D. Mora ◽  
Larissa F. Bonfim ◽  
Lorrana V. Barbosa ◽  
Tiago H. da Silva ◽  
Eduardo J. Nassar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Structural Evolution ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Drinking Water Source ◽  
Thermal Treatments ◽  
Photochemical Degradation ◽  
Degradation Behavior ◽  
Volatile Organic

The presence of volatile organic compounds in groundwater is a major concern when it is used as a drinking water source because many of these compounds can adversely affect human health. This work reports on the preparation and characterization of white and red Brazilian São Simão’s kaolinite-TiO2 nanocomposites and their use as catalysts in the photochemical degradation of toluene, a significant volatile organic compound. The nanocomposites were prepared by a sol-gel procedure, using titanium bis(triethanolaminate)diisopropoxide as a precursor. Thermal treatments of the nanocomposites led to different polymorphic titania phases, while the clay changed from kaolinite to metakaolinite. This structural evolution strongly affected the photocatalytic degradation behavior—all the solids efficiently degraded toluene and the solid calcined at 400 °C, formed by kaolinite and anatase, showed the best behavior (90% degradation). On extending the photochemical treatment up to 48 h, high mineralization levels were reached. The advantage of photodegradation using the nanocomposites was confirmed by comparing the results from isolated components (titanium dioxide and kaolinite) to observe that the nanocomposites displayed fundamental importance to the photodegradation pathways of toluene.

scholarly journals The Characterization of Significant Direct Threats to Source Watersheds: a Risk-Based Approach

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alicia Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Giardia Lamblia ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Drinking Water Source ◽  
Water Protection ◽  
Quantitative Characterization ◽  
Drinking Water Resources

In 2004, the Ontario Ministry of the Environment proposed the 'Drinking water source protection act' which stipulated that, in the development of water protection plans, significant direct threats to source watersheds are to be identified. Examination of the major risk factors threatening water resources proved there are insufficient scientific data available to regulators to accomplish this task. Research showed E.coli O157:H7, Salmonella, Giardia lamblia, and Cryptosporidium parvum, and the sources of these pathogens in the environment are, qualitatively, significant threats to water resources. However, a quantitative characterization of significance depends of the failure probabilities of pathogen sources. Using the Ontario Spills Action Centre data, the occurrence of failure was found to have a high non-zero probability. However, considerable uncertainties revealed in these data suggest that a better understanding of failure is critical to accurately characterize significant threats to drinking water resources.

Global return flow ratio

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chloé Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Return Flow ◽  
Drinking Water Source ◽  
Chemical Contamination ◽  
Flow Ratio ◽  
Piped Water ◽  
Dug Wells

Population using an improved drinking water source (piped water into dwellings, yards or plots; public taps or standpipes; boreholes or tubewells; protected dug wells; or protected springs and rainwater) that is located on premises and available when needed and which is free of faecal and priority chemical contamination. Basin Pollution Quality Waste

scholarly journals Are children’s stools in Ghana disposed of safely? Evidence from the 2014 Ghana demographic and health survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul-Aziz Seidu
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Demographic And Health Survey ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Drinking Water Source ◽  
Safe Disposal ◽  
Toilet Facility ◽  
Improved Sanitation ◽  
Northern Zone

Abstract Background Safe disposal of children’s faeces has always been one of the main challenges to good hygiene in Ghana. Although it has been proven that children’s faeces are more likely to spread diseases than adults’ faeces, people usually mistake them for harmlessness. This study, therefore, sought to determine the prevalence and factors associated with safe disposal of children’s faeces in Ghana. Methods Data from the 2014 Ghana Demographic and Health Survey was used for the analysis. A sample size of 2228 mother-child pairs were used for the study. The outcome variable was disposal of children stools. Both bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the factors with safe child stool disposal. Results The prevalence of safe child stool disposal in Ghana was 24.5%. Women in the middle [Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 4.62; Confidence Interval (CI) = 3.00–7.10], Coastal Zone [AOR = 4.52; CI = 2.82–7.22], mothers whose children were aged 12–17 [AOR = 1.56; CI = 1.15–2.13] and 18–23 months [AOR = 1.75; CI = 1.29–2.39], and mothers whose household had improved type of toilet facility [AOR = 2.04; CI = 1.53–2.73] had higher odds of practicing safe children’s faeces disposal. However, women from households with access to improved source of drinking water [AOR = 0.62; CI = 0.45–2.7] had lower odds of practicing safe children’s faeces disposal. Conclusion Approximately only about 25 out of 100 women practice safe disposal of their children’s faeces in Ghana. The age of the child, ecological zone, the type of toilet facilities, and the type of drinking water source are associated with the disposal of child faeces. These findings have proven that only improved sanitation (i.e. drinking water and toilet facilities) are not enough for women to safely dispose of their children’s faeces. Therefore, in addition to provision of toilet facilities especially in the northern zone of Ghana, there is also the need to motivate and educate mothers on safe disposal of children’s stools especially those with children below 12 months. More so, mothers without access to improved toilet facility should also be educated on the appropriate ways to bury their children’s stools safely.

Divergent responses of diverse microalgae commonly found in drinking water source water to UV-C treatment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordan Roszell ◽  
Po-Shun Chan ◽  
Brian Petri ◽  
Ted Mao ◽  
Kathleen Nolan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Drinking Water Source ◽  
Source Water ◽  
Uv C
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