Stress generation hypothesis of depressive symptoms in interpersonal stressful life events: The roles of cognitive triad and coping styles via structural equation modeling

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 174-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emrah Keser ◽  
Yasemin Kahya ◽  
Burçin Akın
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Coping Styles ◽  
Stress Generation ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Cognitive Triad ◽  
And Coping

scholarly journals MOTERS DEPRESIŠKUMĄ LAIKOTARPIU PO GIMDYMO PROGNOZUOJANTYS VEIKSNIAI

Psichologija ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 59-73
Author(s):  
O. Zamalijeva ◽  
R. Jusienė
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Postpartum Depression ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Postpartum Period ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Equation Modeling

Vidutiniškai penktadalis moterų po gimdymo patiria įvairių psichologinių ir emocinių sunkumų, o tai savo ruožtu neigiamai veikia pačios moters savijautą, vaiko raidą bei santykius su vaiku ir šeima. Iki šiol nebuvo prieita prie vienodos nuomonės, kokie rizikos veiksniai reikšmingai nulemia moters depresiškumą laikotarpiu po gimdymo. Tyrėjų išvadose apie demografinių veiksnių, socialinės paramos, gimdymo ypatumų, patiriamo streso, emocinės ir fizinės būsenos bei kitų kintamųjų sąsajas su moters depresiškumu laikotarpiu po gimdymo yra prieštaravimų. Šio tyrimo tikslas – išsiaiškinti, kokie demografiniai, socialiniai, psichologiniai ir sveikatos veiksniai reikšmingai prognozuotų moters depresiškumą laikotarpiu po gimdymo. Tyrimas yra prospektyvus ir ilgalaikis – tiriamosios apklaustos nėštumo metu, pirmą mėnesį ir pusė metų po gimdymo. Tyrime analizuojami 66 savanoriškai sutikusių dalyvauti visuose trijuose tyrimo etapuose moterų duomenys. Tyrimo rezultatai, apskaičiuoti taikant struktūrinių lygčių modeliavimo metodą, leidžia teigti, kad vienintelis moters depresiškumą laikotarpiu po gimdymo prognozuojantis veiksnys, turintis tiesioginę reikšmę, yra moters depresiškumo vertinimas nėštumo metu. Taip pat daugiau depresijos simptomų laikotarpiu po gimdymo turi moterys, kurios prasčiau vertina savo pasiruošimą motinystei, jaučia stipresnį nerimą dėl gimdymo, mažiau patenkintos savo santykių su vyru kokybe, patyrė daugiau stresą keliančių gyvenimo įvykių ar laukiasi pirmo vaiko, tačiau prognostinis šių veiksnių ir moters depresiškumo laikotarpiu po gimdymo ryšys yra netiesioginis, o pasireiškia šių veiksnių įtaka depresiškumui nėštumo metu.Pagrindiniai žodžiai: depresiškumas po gimdymo, Edinburgo pogimdyminės depresijos skalė (EPDS), pasiruošimas motinystei.Predictors of women’s depression during postpartumperiod Zamalijeva O., Jusienė R. SummaryApproximately 20 percent of women suffer from postpartum depression after childbirth, which, in turn, negatively affects women’s well-being, child’s development and interactions with the child and family. Risk factors, which most significantly influence postpartum depression, have been analyzed by numerous researchers, seeking to make it possible to predict and identify women at risk before the onset of symptoms. Nevertheless, the data obtained is inconclusive and research results are contradictory. The most inconclusive results are those related to demographic and socioeconomic characteristics and their impact on depressive symptoms during postpartum period. Moreover, there are inconsistencies in conclusions concerning social support, pregnancy and delivery-related factors, stressful life events, emotional and physical health and their influence on postpartum depression. The goal of this research is to identify demographic, social, psychological and health related variables that could reliably predict women’s depression half year after delivery. This research is prospective and longitudinal, participants were interviewed at several assessment points – during pregnancy, the first month and half a year postpartum. The complete data about 66 women are analyzed in this article. The results of structural equation modeling (SEM), indicate that the only significant predictor of women’s depressive symptoms during postpartum period, having direct effect, is depression during pregnancy, i.e. women who report more depressive symptoms during pregnancy are significantly more likely to be depressed during postpartum period. Women who rated their subjective readiness for motherhood as lower, also with high anxiety concerning delivery, poor quality of relationship with a partner, and who reported more stressful life events, as well as primiparous women are at greater risk postpartum depression; however these variables and depressive symptoms during postpartum period are not directly related. The readiness for motherhood and anxiety concerning delivery predicts depression during pregnancy. The quality of relationships with partner, in turn, predicts both readiness for motherhood and anxiety concerning delivery. Finally, the readiness for motherhood could also be predicted by stressful life events and primiparity. The results of our study support the necessity of psychological interventions during the pregnancy in order to prevent postpartum depression.Keywords: perinatal depression, EPDS, readiness for motherhood.

Building a Model of Family Caregiving for Children with Emotional Disorders

1997 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 138-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas P. Mcdonald ◽  
Thomas K. Gregoire ◽  
John Poertner ◽  
Theresa J. Early
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Emotional Disorders ◽  
Problem Behaviors ◽  
Family Caregiving ◽  
Latent Variables ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Special Challenge ◽  
And Coping

In this article we describe the results of an ongoing effort to better understand the caregiving process in families of children with severe emotional problems. We make two assumptions. First, we assume that these families are essentially like other families but are faced with a special challenge in raising and caring for their special children while at the same time performing the multiple tasks and demands faced by all families. Second, we assume that public policy and programs must be supportive of the care of these children in their own homes and communities whenever possible. The purpose of this article is to present a model of family caregiving that draws broadly from available theory and empirical literature in multiple fields and to subject this model to empirical testing. We use structural equation modeling with latent variables to estimate an empirical model based on the theoretical model. Results of the model testing point to the importance of the child's external problem behaviors and the family's socioeconomic status and coping strategies as determinants of caregiver stress. Other findings highlight difficulties in measuring and modeling the complex mediating process, which includes formal and informal supports, perceptions, and coping behaviors. The use of structural equation modeling can benefit our efforts to support families by making explicit our theories about the important dimensions of this process and the relationship between these dimensions, which can then be subjected to measurement and validation.

scholarly journals Are Perfectionistic Thoughts an Antecedent or a Consequence of Depressive Symptoms? A Cross-Lagged Analysis of the Perfectionism Cognitions Inventory

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avi Besser ◽  
Gordon L. Flett ◽  
Simon B. Sherry ◽  
Paul L. Hewitt
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Longitudinal Research ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Automatic Thoughts ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Major Life Events ◽  
Major Life ◽  
Cross Sectional

Perfectionistic automatic thoughts have been linked with depressive symptoms in numerous cross-sectional studies, but this link has not been assessed in longitudinal research. An investigation with two timepoints was conducted to test whether perfectionistic automatic thoughts, as assessed by the Perfectionism Cognitions Inventory (PCI), are contributors to subsequent depression or vice versa. The possible role of a third factor (major life events stress) was also evaluated. A sample of 118 university students completed the PCI, the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), and the Life Experiences Survey on two occasions with a 5-month interval. A cross-lagged analysis using structural equation modeling showed that above and beyond within-time associations and across-time stability effects, perfectionism automatic thoughts contributed to subsequent depressive symptoms and not vice versa. Negative life events stress was correlated significantly with both depressive symptoms and perfectionism automatic thoughts but did not have an influence on Time 2 depressive symptoms or on perfectionistic automatic thoughts. Our discussion focuses on perfectionistic automatic thoughts as a contributor to depressive vulnerability according to the perfectionism cognition theory.

The Effects of Child and Adult Victimization on Psychological Distress: A Mediated Structural Equation Modeling Analysis

2019 ◽  
pp. 107780121988518
Author(s):  
Amanda Dishon-Brown ◽  
Seana Golder ◽  
Tanya Renn ◽  
TK Logan ◽  
George E. Higgins
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Mediation Model ◽  
Modeling Analysis ◽  
And Coping ◽  
The Relationship

Justice-involved women experience significantly higher rates of victimization and psychological distress, and these experiences place women at greater risk of initial and ongoing involvement in the criminal justice system. This research explored the relationship between victimization, the hypothesized mediators (social support and coping), and psychological distress among a sample of 406 victimized women on probation/parole. Results of the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) were significant and indicated a partial mediation model (74%) with both direct and indirect effects. Based upon the results of this research, implications and future research are explored regarding gender-responsive practices for this population.

An Exploratory Study of Pathways from White Matter Hyperintensities to Cognitive Impairment through Depressive Symptoms Using Structural Equation Modeling: A Cross Sectional Study in Patients with Dementia

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 679-689
Author(s):  
Chang Hyun Lee ◽  
Do Hoon Kim
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
White Matter Hyperintensities ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Cross Sectional

AbstractObjective:The aim of this study was to model the relationships among white matter hyperintensities (WMHs), depressive symptoms, and cognitive function and to examine the mediating effect of depressive symptoms on the relationship between WMHs and cognitive impairment.Methods:We performed structural equation modeling using cross-sectional data from 1158 patients from the Clinical Research for Dementia of South Korea (CREDOS) registry who were diagnosed with mild-to-moderate dementia. Periventricular white matter hyperintensities (PWMHs) and deep white matter hyperintensities (DWMHs) were obtained separately on the protocol of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Depression and cognitive function were assessed using the Korean Form of the Geriatric Depression Scale (KGDS) and the Seoul Neuropsychological Screening Battery (SNSB), respectively.Results:The model that best reflected the relationships among the variables was the model in which DWMHs affected cognitive function directly and indirectly through the depressive symptoms; on the other hand, PWMHs only directly affected cognitive function.Conclusions:This study presents the mediation model including the developmental pathway from DWMHs to cognitive impairment through depressive symptoms and suggests that the two types of WMHs may affect cognitive impairment through different pathways.

scholarly journals Interrelation between Defensive Mechanisms and Coping Strategies in Psychiatry Trainees in Romania: A Multi-Centric Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anca-Livia Panfil ◽  
Mirela Frandes ◽  
Aurel Nirestean ◽  
Marinela Hurmuz ◽  
Diana Lungeanu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Coping Styles ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Avoidant Coping ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Defensive Mechanisms ◽  
And Coping

Abstract Background: The challenges that a professional face when working in the field of psychiatry require the development of adequate defensive and coping styles. Our study aimed to explore both the coping strategies and defense mechanisms and their relationship among psychiatry trainees in Romania.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine and to evaluate both defensive and coping styles of Romanian psychiatry trainees. DSQ-60 and COPE scales were applied to psychiatry trainees from five training centers in Romania. By applying structural equation modeling, we studied models that presumed the existence of relationships between coping strategies and defensive mechanisms. Results: The results of the study indicate that superior defense mechanisms and task-oriented coping style were the commonly used approach by trainees in psychiatry. Also, our findings show significantly consistent correlations (ranging from 0.2 to 0.5) between adaptive defense mechanisms and coping styles focused on the problem or the emotion. Similarly, the avoidant coping strategies correlated with non-adaptative defense styles (correlations between 0.3 and 0.5). Our model presented good fit indices, X2(34) = 64.324, p < 0.001; GFI = 0.93; RMSE = 0.08. Moreover, the results indicated a weak association, r = 0.07, p < 0.001, between the two types of adaptive processes.Conclusion: Our findings suggest that trainees in psychiatry present a profile based on two independent groups of adaptation processes, namely, adaptive defenses and problem-oriented coping scales, and non-adaptive defenses and avoidant coping scales.

Eenzaamheid over de generaties heen ? : Eenzaamheid van kinderen na de scheiding van hun ouders

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Leen Heylen ◽  
Inge Pasteels ◽  
Dimitri Mortelmans
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Strong Correlation ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Parental Divorce ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Bij Kinderen

Binnen onze samenleving bestaat er nog een sterk taboe rond eenzaamheid. Echter, eenzaamheid kan iedereen overeenkomen. Levensloopgebeurtenissen, zoals een echtscheiding, spelen hierin vaak een cruciale rol. Recente analyses op basis van de data van “Scheiding in Vlaanderen” toonden al aan dat er een sterk verband is tussen echtscheiding en eenzaamheid. Over de ervaren eenzaamheid bij kinderen na echtscheiding is echter nog weinig geweten. In dit hoofdstuk gaan we na hoe eenzaamheid zich bij kinderen manifesteert na een scheiding. Welke kenmerken bepalen het risico op eenzaamheid bij kinderen en welke impact heeft de ervaren eenzaamheid bij ouders? We maken hiervoor gebruik van gegevens van 409 kinderen van gescheiden ouders tussen 10 en 17 jaar oud en hun ouders uit de dataset van “Scheiding in Vlaanderen”. Voor de analyse hanteren we structurele vergelijkingsmodellen. Abstract :  In our society there still exists a strong taboo on feeling lonely. However, everyone can feel lonely during their life course. Life events, like a divorce, are often crucial within this respect. Recent analyses based on the dataset of “Divorce in Flanders” already showed a strong correlation between feelings of loneliness and divorce among adults. Little is known on loneliness amongst children. In this contribution, we examine loneliness amongst children who experienced a parental divorce. Which attributes determine the risk of loneliness amongst these children and is loneliness amongst children related to the parental feelings of loneliness? For these analyses, we use data from 409 children of divorced parents, aged between 10 and 17 years old, and data from their parents from the dataset “Divorce in Flanders”. For the analyses we apply structural equation modeling.

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