Calculation of air-kerma rate of diagnostic X-ray generators

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoh Katoh ◽  
Sogo Mita ◽  
Masahiro Fukushi ◽  
Yoshiyuki Nyui ◽  
Shinji Abe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
X Ray ◽  
Air Kerma ◽  
Air Kerma Rate

scholarly journals Effects of aluminum-copper alloy filtration on photon spectra, air kerma rate and image contrast

2004 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 214-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andréa Gonçalves ◽  
João Manuel Domingos de Almeida Rollo ◽  
Marcelo Gonçalves ◽  
Francisco Haiter Neto ◽  
Frab Norberto Bóscolo
Keyword(s):  
Copper Alloy ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Image Contrast ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Air Kerma ◽  
Aluminum Copper Alloy ◽  
Aluminum Filter ◽  
Photon Spectra ◽  
Aluminum Filtration ◽  
Air Kerma Rate

This study evaluated the performance of aluminum-copper alloy filtration, without the original aluminum filter, for dental radiography in terms of x-ray energy spectrum, air kerma rate and image quality. Comparisons of various thicknesses of aluminum-copper alloy in three different percentages were made with aluminum filtration. Tests were conducted on an intra-oral dental x-ray machine and were made on mandible phantom and on step-wedge. Depending on the thickness of aluminum-copper alloy filtration, the beam could be hardened and filtrated. The use of the aluminum-copper alloy filter resulted in reductions in air kerma rate from 8.40% to 47.33%, and indicated the same image contrast when compared to aluminum filtration. Aluminum-copper alloy filtration may be considered a good alternative to aluminum filtration.

scholarly journals Establishment of 350–450 kV wide spectrum and high air-kerma rate X-ray radiation mass

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (23) ◽  
pp. 8824-8828
Author(s):  
Bo Wang ◽  
Jinjie Wu ◽  
Haiyan Du ◽  
Siming Guo ◽  
Shiwei Ren
Keyword(s):  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Air Kerma ◽  
Air Kerma Rate

SU-CC-ValA-07: Air Kerma Rate Measurements From a Miniature X-Ray Source Using Free-Air Ionization Chambers

2006 ◽  
Vol 33 (6Part2) ◽  
pp. 1983-1984
Author(s):  
S Davis ◽  
J Micka ◽  
L DeWerd ◽  
T Rusch
Keyword(s):  
Ionization Chambers ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Air Kerma ◽  
Free Air ◽  
Air Ionization ◽  
Air Kerma Rate

National primary standard of air kerma, air kerma rate, exposure, exposure rate and energy flux for X-rays and gamma radiation GET 8-2019

2020 ◽  
pp. 8-12
Author(s):  
Alexandr V. Oborin ◽  
Anna Y. Villevalde ◽  
Sergey G. Trofimchuk
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Energy Flux ◽  
Primary Standard ◽  
Average Energy ◽  
Ion Pair ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Exposure Rate ◽  
Ionization Chambers ◽  
Air Kerma ◽  
Air Kerma Rate

The results of development of the national primary standard of air kerma, air kerma rate, exposure, exposure rate and energy flux for X-rays and gamma radiation GET 8-2011 in 2019 are presented according to the recommendations of the ICRU Report No. 90 “Key Data for Ionizing-Radiation Dosimetry: Measurement Standards and Applications”. The following changes are made to the equations for the units determination with the standard: in the field of X-rays, new correction coefficients of the free-air ionization chambers are introduced and the relative standard uncertainty of the average energy to create an ion pair in air is changed; in the field of gamma radiation, the product of the average energy to create an ion pair in air and the electron stopping-power graphite to air ratio for the cavity ionization chambers is changed. More accurate values of the units reproduced by GET 8-2019 are obtained and new metrological characteristics of the standard are stated.

THE AIR-KERMA RATE CONSTANT: APPLICATION TO AIR-KERMA MEASUREMENTS FOR HOMELAND SECURITY

2008 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-133
Author(s):  
L Pibida ◽  
R Minniti ◽  
L Lucas ◽  
S M. Seltzer
Keyword(s):  
Rate Constant ◽  
Homeland Security ◽  
Air Kerma ◽  
Air Kerma Rate

scholarly journals PO-0969: Air kerma rate measurements for Ir-192 and Co-60 HDR sources using three different international protocols

2013 ◽  
Vol 106 ◽  
pp. S374-S375
Author(s):  
F.W. Hensley ◽  
H.A. Azhari ◽  
W. Schütte ◽  
G.A. Zakaria
Keyword(s):  
Air Kerma ◽  
Air Kerma Rate

The empirical formula for calculating the incident air Kerma in intraoral radiographic imaging

2021 ◽  
pp. 20210117
Author(s):  
Zoran Mirkov ◽  
Katarina M Rajković ◽  
Jovan B Stanković ◽  
Dario Faj
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Formula ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Radiographic Imaging ◽  
Relative Percentage ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Air Kerma ◽  
Final Formula ◽  
Average Patient ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Fitted Function

Objectives: The aim of this paper is to determine the empirical formula for calculating the incident air kerma (Ki), used as a patient dose descriptor in the intraoral radiographic imaging. Methods: The data for the formula were collected during the regular annual inspection of intraoral dental X-ray units in 2018, 2019 and early 2020. The measurement data of 50 X-ray units were processed to develop the formula. Exposure factors for imaging molars of the upper jaw of an average patient in a clinical setting were used in the measurement. The formula validity was statistically evaluated using coefficient of correlation, standard error of the fitted function and the mean relative percentage deviation. Results: measurement values of the radiation doses and calculated values obtained by using the final formula showed good agreement - the mean relative percentage deviation values less than ±15%. Conclusions: Although there are differences in X-ray units, voltages, manufacturers and device architectures (single-phase and high-frequency), the measurement data comply well with computed ones in all cases.

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