scholarly journals Factors associated with illicit opioid use in methadone maintenance treatment clients in 5 Provinces, China

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 480-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weixiu Li ◽  
Ziyun Wang ◽  
Zhimin Liu
Keyword(s):  
Methadone Maintenance Treatment ◽  
Maintenance Treatment ◽  
Methadone Maintenance ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Illicit Opioid Use

scholarly journals Loneliness and Illicit Opioid Use Among Methadone Maintenance Treatment Patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (13) ◽  
pp. 2089-2098 ◽  
Author(s):  
Courtney A. Polenick ◽  
Brandi Parker Cotton ◽  
William C. Bryson ◽  
Kira S. Birditt
Keyword(s):  
Methadone Maintenance Treatment ◽  
Maintenance Treatment ◽  
Methadone Maintenance ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Illicit Opioid Use

scholarly journals Usefulness of the Brief Pain Inventory in Patients with Opioid Addiction Receiving Methadone Maintenance Treatment

2016 ◽  
Vol 1;19 (1;1) ◽  
pp. E181-E195
Author(s):  
Zainab Samaan
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Methadone Maintenance Treatment ◽  
Prognostic Value ◽  
Maintenance Treatment ◽  
Methadone Maintenance ◽  
Brief Pain Inventory ◽  
Opioid Addiction ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Illicit Opioid Use ◽  
Urine Screens

Background: Chronic pain is implicated as a risk factor for illicit opioid use among patients with opioid addiction treated with methadone. However, there exists conflicting evidence that supports and refutes this claim. These discrepancies may stem from the large variability in pain measurement reported across studies. Objectives: We aim to determine the clinical and demographic characteristics of patients reporting pain and evaluate the prognostic value of different pain classification measures in a sample of opioid addiction patients. Study Design: Multi-center prospective cohort study. Setting: Methadone maintenance treatment facilities for managing patients with opioid addiction. Methods: This study includes participants from the Genetics of Opioid Addiction (GENOA) prospective cohort study. We assessed the prognostic value of different pain measures for predicting opioid relapse. Pain measures include the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) and patients’ response to a direct pain question all study participants were asked from the GENOA case report form (CRF) “are you currently experiencing or have been diagnosed with chronic pain?” Performance characteristics of the GENOA CRF pain measure was estimated with sensitivity and specificity using the BPI as the gold standard reference. Prognostic value was assessed using pain classification as the primary independent variable in an adjusted analysis using 1) the percentage of positive opioid urine screens and 2) high-risk opioid use (≥ 50% positive opioid urine screens) as the dependent variables in a linear and logistic regression analyses, respectively. Results: Among participants eligible for inclusion (n = 444) the BPI was found to be highly sensitive, classifying a large number of GENOA participants with pain (n = 281 of the 297 classified with pain, 94.6%) in comparison to the GENOA CRF (n = 154 of 297 classified with pain, 51.8%). Participants concordantly classified as having pain according to the GENOA CRF and BPI were found to have an estimated 7.79% increase in positive opioid urine screens (estimated coefficient: 7.79; 95%CI 0.74, 14.85: P = 0.031) and a 4 times greater odds (odds ratio [OR]: 4.10 P = 0.008; 95%CI: 1.44, 11.63) of engaging in a “high risk” level of illicit opioids use. The prognostic relevance of pain classification was not maintained for the additional participants classified by the BPI (n = 143 discordant). Conclusion: These results suggest that while the BPI may be more sensitive in capturing pain among patients with opioid addiction, this tool is of less value for predicting the impact of pain on illicit opioid use for opioid addiction patients on methadone maintenance treatment. The GENOA CRF showed high predictive ability, whereby patients classified according to the GENOA CRF are at serious risk for opioid relapse. Using the appropriate tool to assess pain in opioid addiction may serve to improve the current detection and management of comorbid painLimitations: We caution the interpretation of these result since they are still reflective of participants already maintained on an opioid substitution therapy (OST), which can largely differ from patients who drop out of methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) or never seek treatment altogether. Key words: Chronic pain, opioid adiction, methadone maintenance treatment, relapse, addiction, measurement, brief pain inventory

scholarly journals Factors Associated with Compliance among Methadone Maintenance Treatment Transfers: Evidence from Audit Records at Clinics in Guangdong, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 2023
Author(s):  
Cheng Gong ◽  
Xia Zou ◽  
Wen Chen ◽  
Yin Liu ◽  
Qian Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methadone Maintenance Treatment ◽  
Maintenance Treatment ◽  
Methadone Maintenance ◽  
Transfer System ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Transfer Rates ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Daily Dose ◽  
Transfer Services

Methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) requires patients to intake their daily dose in person at their clinic. Therefore, transfer services are vital for patients who need temporary leave from their primary MMT clinic. However, studies have shown that transfer patients might delay return after temporary leave, leading to missed doses and putting them at risk of increased harm. In this study, we aimed to explore the transfer rates and factors associated with MMT patients who delayed return during a transfer period. In this retrospective analysis, we used audit records from the web-based management system from six MMT clinics in Guangdong, China. Multilevel logistic regression and multilevel Poisson regression analyses were used to examine the factors associated with patients who delayed return to their primary MMT clinic. A total of 459 people used the transfer system 2940 times between January 2006 and December 2016. Of those, patients delayed return to their primary MMT clinic 1199 times (40.78%). Patients who transferred regularly had poor compliance rates with MMT treatment. Those who once dropped out from and then re-enrolled in MMT were more likely to delay return. Most patients (82.71%) who used the transfer service for “work” were more likely to prolong their delay length. The findings highlight that a more flexible transfer system would minimize inconvenience to the patients.

scholarly journals The association between health conditions and cannabis use in patients with opioid use disorder receiving methadone maintenance treatment

BJPsych Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ieta Shams ◽  
Nitika Sanger ◽  
Meha Bhatt ◽  
Tea Rosic ◽  
Candice Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Methadone Maintenance Treatment ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Maintenance Treatment ◽  
Methadone Maintenance ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Opioid Use Disorder ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Opioid Use

Background Cannabis is the most commonly used substance among patients in methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) for opioid use disorder. Current treatment programmes neither screen nor manage cannabis use. The recent legalisation of cannabis in Canada incites consideration into how this may affect the current opioid crisis. Aims Investigate the health status of cannabis users in MMT. Method Patients were recruited from addiction clinics in Ontario, Canada. Regression analyses were used to assess the association between adverse health conditions and cannabis use. Further analyses were used to assess sex differences and heaviness of cannabis use. Results We included 672 patients (49.9% cannabis users). Cannabis users were more likely to consume alcohol (odds ratio 1.46, 95% CI 1.04–2.06, P = 0.029) and have anxiety disorders (odds ratio 1.75, 95% CI 1.02–3.02, P = 0.043), but were less likely to use heroin (odds ratio 0.45, 95% CI 0.24–0.86, P = 0.016). There was no association between cannabis use and pain (odds ratio 0.98, 95% CI 0.94–1.03, P = 0.463). A significant association was seen between alcohol and cannabis use in women (odds ratio 1.79, 95% CI 1.06–3.02, P = 0.028), and anxiety disorders and cannabis use in men (odds ratio 2.59, 95% CI 1.21–5.53, P = 0.014). Heaviness of cannabis use was not associated with health outcomes. Conclusions Our results suggest that cannabis use is common and associated with psychiatric comorbidities and substance use among patients in MMT, advocating for screening of cannabis use in this population. Declaration of interest None.

scholarly journals Factors Influencing Client Retention in Methadone Maintenance Treatment Clinics in the Kathmandu Valley

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-14
Author(s):  
B. Sapkota ◽  
P. Tulachan ◽  
S.P. Ojha ◽  
M. Chapagai ◽  
S. Dhungana
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Program ◽  
Methadone Maintenance Treatment ◽  
Maintenance Treatment ◽  
Methadone Maintenance ◽  
Retention Rate ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Kathmandu Valley ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Treatment History ◽  
History Of

 Introduction: Methadone maintenance treatment program is one of the accepted form of treatment modalities for opioid dependence individuals in Nepal. Retention in the treatment represents the assessment of the effectiveness of the treatment program. The aim of this study was to find out the factors associated with the retention of clients in the Methadone maintenance clinics in the Kathmandu Valley. Material and Method: A total of 84 clients were recruited from the 5 different methadone clinics of Kathmandu valley. A prospective follow-up design was used. The patients were followed up at the end of 6 months and retention rate was calculated. The patient was considered ‘drop out “if the patient did not take methadone for 7 consecutive days. Group differences between ‘dropout’ and non-dropout (retained) clients on MMT program were tested using t-test and Chi-square test for continuous variables and categorical variables respectively. Results: At the end of 6 months 63 patients still remained in the MMT program, so the retention rate was found to be 75% in the study. The factors associated with the retention included higher dosage of methadone (p<0.001), history of multiple substance intake (p=0.004) and previous treatment history of the drug related problems (p=0.015). Conclusion: Opioid dependent individuals may stick to the MMT program for longer durtion if they are offered with higher dosage of Methadone and special attention should be given to the patients with history of poly substance abuse and prior treatment history to prevent their relapse.

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