scholarly journals Pharmacology of natural radioprotectors

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (11) ◽  
pp. 1033-1050 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gil-Im Mun ◽  
Seoyoung Kim ◽  
Eun Choi ◽  
Cha Soon Kim ◽  
Yun-Sil Lee
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Heat Shock ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Shock Proteins ◽  
Radioprotective Properties

Abstract Radiotherapy is one of the most efficient ways to treat cancer. However, deleterious effects, such as acute and chronic toxicities that reduce the quality of life, may result. Naturally occurring compounds have been shown to be non-toxic over wide dose ranges and are inexpensive and effective. Additionally, pharmacological strategies have been developed that use radioprotectors to inhibit radiation-induced toxicities. Currently available radioprotectors have several limitations, including toxicity. In this review, we present the mechanisms of proven radioprotectors, ranging from free radical scavenging (the best-known mechanism of radioprotection) to molecular-based radioprotection (e.g., upregulating expression of heat shock proteins). Finally, we discuss naturally occurring compounds with radioprotective properties in the context of these mechanisms.

Triphala, an Ayurvedic Rasayana Drug, Protects Mice Against Radiation-Induced Lethality by Free-Radical Scavenging

2004 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 971-978 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ganesh Chandra Jagetia ◽  
Krishna J. Malagi ◽  
Manjeshwar Shrinath Baliga ◽  
Ponemone Venkatesh ◽  
Rosi Reddy Veruva
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Radiation Induced

Effects of Cooking Methods and Tea Marinades on the Formation of Heterocyclic Amines and Benzo[a]pyrene in Grilled Drumsticks

2020 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 365-376
Author(s):  
MINGJUN YAO ◽  
IFTIKHAR ALI KHAN ◽  
YIQUN CHENG ◽  
YUN ANG ◽  
XINGHU ZHOU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Heterocyclic Amines ◽  
Cooking Methods ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging Ability

ABSTRACT The effects of different grilling methods and tea marinades on the formation of heterocyclic amines (HCAs) and benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) in grilled chicken drumsticks were investigated. This study showed that both the grilling method and type of charcoal used in charcoal grilling had a significant effect on the formation of HCAs and BaP. The total content of HCAs and BaP detected in drumsticks was the lowest under electric roasting, at 7.25 and 0.04 ng/g, respectively; thus, the electric grill can be used as an alternative grilling method to meet consumer demands for safety. The free radical scavenging ability of tea infusion was significantly higher than that of spice infusion. The white tea marinade significantly increased radical scavenging activity and prevented formation of HCAs and BaP more than the green tea marinade; thus, tea marinade can be applied to flavoring as a pretreatment to preserve the quality of meat and to decrease the generation of HCAs and BaP during cooking. HIGHLIGHTS

Neuroprotective Action and Free Radical Scavenging Activity of Guttiferone-A, a Naturally Occurring Prenylated Benzophenone

2012 ◽  
Vol 62 (12) ◽  
pp. 583-589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Nuñez-Figueredo ◽  
L. García-Pupo ◽  
J. Ramírez-Sánchez ◽  
Y. Alcántara-Isaac ◽  
O. Cuesta-Rubio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Neuroprotective Action

Preventive efficacy of hydroalcoholic extract of Cymbopogon citratus against radiation-induced DNA damage on V79 cells and free radical scavenging ability against radicals generated in vitro

2009 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 195-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
BSS Rao ◽  
R Shanbhoge ◽  
BN Rao ◽  
SK Adiga ◽  
D Upadhya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Radicals ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Cymbopogon Citratus ◽  
V79 Cells ◽  
Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Antigenotoxic Effect

This study presents the findings of free radical scavenging and antigenotoxic effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Cymbopogon citratus (CCE). The CCE at a concentration of 60 μg/mL resulted in a significant scavenging ability of 2,2-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH; (85%), 2,2-azinobis (3-ethyl benzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS; 77%), hydroxyl (70%), superoxide (76%), nitric oxide (78%) free radicals generated using in vitro and also a moderate anti-lipid peroxidative effect (57%). Further, the radiation-induced antigenotoxic potential of CCE was assessed in Chinese hamster lung fibroblast cells (V79) using micronucleus assay. The CCE resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in the yield of radiation-induced micronuclei, with a maximum effect at 125 μg/mL CCE for 1 h before 2 Gy of radiation. Similarly, there was a significant ( P < 0.05–0.0001) decrease in percentage of micronuclei when V79 cells were treated with optimal dose of CCE (125 μg/mL) before exposure to different doses of gamma radiation, that is, 0.5–4 Gy, compared with radiation alone groups. The results of the micronucleus study indicated antigenotoxic effect demonstrating the radioprotective potential of CCE and, which may partly due to its and antioxidant capacity as it presented its ability to scavenge various free radicals in vitro and anti-lipid peroxidative potential.

scholarly journals Glyphosate Plus Carboxylic Compounds Boost Activity of Free Radical-Scavenging Enzymes in Sugarcane

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 106
Author(s):  
Bruno Rafael de Almeida Moreira ◽  
Ronaldo da Silva Viana ◽  
Paulo Alexandre Monteiro de Figueiredo ◽  
Lucas Aparecido Manzani Lisboa ◽  
Celso Tadao Miasaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Harsh Environments ◽  
Flowering Stage ◽  
Marginal Lands ◽  
Sugarcane Crop ◽  
Scavenging Enzymes

Drought, heat, and salinity, as well as pests, are stressing agents, which have impressively declined the productivity and quality of sugarcane crop in harsh environments. Our study aimed to examine the effect of various chemical ripeners as alternatives to enhancing the reactiveness of the enzymatic antioxidant system of sugarcane crop. The field experiment consisted of spraying the ingredients, ethephon, ethyl-trinexapac, glyphosate, carboxylic compounds (MTD) and methyl-sulfumeturon on the Brazilian commercial varieties, SP80-1842 and SP80-3280, before flowering stage. The enzymatic assay comprised the monitoring of the rate of degradation of free radical by ascorbate peroxidase (APX), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the extract from leaves of 11-month-old plants. Spraying glyphosate at 0.15 L ha−1 with MTD at 1.00 L ha−1 provided the highest activity of CAT, 0.65 µmol H2O2 min−1 mg−1 protein, in variety SP80-1842 Spraying glyphosate at 0.15 L ha−1 with ethephon at 0.33 L ha−1 caused the highest activity of APX, 1.70 nmol ascorbate min−1 mg−1 protein, in variety SP80-3280. The conclusion is, therefore, that mixtures of glyphosate with the insecticide/acaricide, MTD, and with the synthetic ethylene-releasing product, ethephon could help sugarcane crop grow adequately under uncontrollable or unpredictable agroecosystems like marginal lands.

scholarly journals Effects of enzymatic treatment on the chemical composition, antioxidant and rheological properties of cactus cladode juice

2021 ◽  
Vol 947 (1) ◽  
pp. 012043
Author(s):  
Anh L. Nguyen ◽  
Ngoc Lieu Le
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Juice Yield

Abstract Cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica), commonly referred as prickly pear or nopal cactus, belongs to the family Cactaceae. It has attracted domestic and international industries’ attention owing to its nutritional and health benefit potentials. In this project, the quality of the cactus cladode juice after treated with the enzymes Pectinex Ultra SP-L and Viscozyme was investigated in terms of total phenolic content (TPC) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity. There were significant increases in the effectiveness of these enzymes as the concentration increased from 0.05 to 0.15% w/w. Among different concentrations, 0.15% w/w produced a higher yield and high-quality juice. Furthermore, the result indicates that prolonging the incubation duration could improve juice yield but this occurred only within the first hour of reaction, which the highest yield was obtained at 0.75 h. At these conditions, the combination of Pectinex Ultra SP-L and Viscozyme at ratio 1:1 (w/w) showed the most effective on juice yield improvement and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free radical scavenging activity, while the highest total phenolic content was obtained when treating with Pectinex Ultra SP-L. Particularly as compared to the control sample, the juice yield increased from 53% to 76%, the TPC enhanced from 47 μg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/mL to 70 μg GAE/mL, and the DPPH free radical scavenging activity improved from 277 μg ascorbic acid equivalent (AAE)/mL to 470 μg AAE/mL. Overall, the quality of cactus juice was better with enzymatic treatment than that of the untreated juice. The data also showed that the cactus juice behaved as shear – thickening fluids at room temperature.

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