scholarly journals Manganese-induced salt stress tolerance in rice seedlings: regulation of ion homeostasis, antioxidant defense and glyoxalase systems

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 291-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anisur Rahman ◽  
Md. Shahadat Hossain ◽  
Jubayer-Al Mahmud ◽  
Kamrun Nahar ◽  
Mirza Hasanuzzaman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Ion Homeostasis ◽  
Rice Seedlings ◽  
Salt Stress Tolerance

scholarly journals Melatonin: A Small Molecule but Important for Salt Stress Tolerance in Plants

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 709 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haoshuang Zhan ◽  
Xiaojun Nie ◽  
Ting Zhang ◽  
Shuang Li ◽  
Xiaoyu Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Ion Homeostasis ◽  
Free Radical Scavenger ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Polyamine Metabolism ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Radical Scavenger ◽  
Salt Stress Tolerance

Salt stress is one of the most serious limiting factors in worldwide agricultural production, resulting in huge annual yield loss. Since 1995, melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine)—an ancient multi-functional molecule in eukaryotes and prokaryotes—has been extensively validated as a regulator of plant growth and development, as well as various stress responses, especially its crucial role in plant salt tolerance. Salt stress and exogenous melatonin lead to an increase in endogenous melatonin levels, partly via the phyto-melatonin receptor CAND2/PMTR1. Melatonin plays important roles, as a free radical scavenger and antioxidant, in the improvement of antioxidant systems under salt stress. These functions improve photosynthesis, ion homeostasis, and activate a series of downstream signals, such as hormones, nitric oxide (NO) and polyamine metabolism. Melatonin also regulates gene expression responses to salt stress. In this study, we review recent literature and summarize the regulatory roles and signaling networks involving melatonin in response to salt stress in plants. We also discuss genes and gene families involved in the melatonin-mediated salt stress tolerance.

scholarly journals Genetic regulation of salt stress tolerance revealed by RNA-Seq in cotton diploid wild species, Gossypium davidsonii

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Zhang ◽  
Guozhong Zhu ◽  
Lei Du ◽  
Xiaoguang Shang ◽  
Chaoze Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Genetic Regulation ◽  
Ion Homeostasis ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Salt Stress Tolerance ◽  
Crop Resistance ◽  
Cotton Species ◽  
Diploid Cotton

Abstract Cotton is an economically important crop throughout the world and is a pioneer crop in salt stress tolerance research. Investigation of the genetic regulation of salinity tolerance will provide information for salt stress-resistant breeding. Here, we employed next-generation RNA-Seq technology to elucidate the salt-tolerant mechanisms in cotton using the diploid cotton species Gossypium davidsonii which has superior stress tolerance. A total of 4744 and 5337 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were found to be involved in salt stress tolerance in roots and leaves, respectively. Gene function annotation elucidated salt overly sensitive (SOS) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling pathways. Furthermore, we found that photosynthesis pathways and metabolism play important roles in ion homeostasis and oxidation balance. Moreover, our studies revealed that alternative splicing also contributes to salt-stress responses at the posttranscriptional level, implying its functional role in response to salinity stress. This study not only provides a valuable resource for understanding the genetic control of salt stress in cotton, but also lays a substantial foundation for the genetic improvement of crop resistance to salt stress.

Salt stress in Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings: Role of indoleamines in stress alleviation

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-83
Author(s):  
Mukund R. Shukla ◽  
Vikramjit S. Bajwa ◽  
Jose A. Freixas-Coutin ◽  
Praveen K Saxena
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Ion Homeostasis ◽  
Nacl Stress ◽  
Aba Signaling ◽  
Antioxidant Defense Systems ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Aba Insensitive

Salinity is a major environmental stress in agriculture with significantly detrimental effects on crop productivity. The development of strategies to enhance salinity stress tolerance in plants is essential to ensure crop production in saline environments. Melatonin (Mel) and serotonin (Ser) accumulate in response to environmental stresses and are presumed to play protective roles and improve growth of tissues during recovery. In this study, the effects of Mel and Ser were investigated in Arabidopsis under NaCl stress. Exogenous Mel (10 µM) and Ser (10 µM) treatment significantly increased fresh weight, lateral root number, and shoot height in A. thaliana seedlings exposed to NaCl stress (25 mM and 50 mM) compared to the non-treated control seedlings. In order to understand the role of these indoleamines in alleviating salt stress, we investigated the effects of Mel and Ser treatments on the expression of salt stress responsive genes including, transcription factors involved in abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathway, ABA-INSENSITIVE 3 (ABI3)and ABA-INSENSITIVE 5 (ABI5); ABA responsive gene, RESPONSIVE TO DESSICATION 29B (RD29B), ABA-independent gene, RESPONSIVE TO DESSICATION 29A (RD29A) and Arabidopsis trithorax-like gene (ATX1) which function in stress responses via ABA-dependent and ABA-independent manner. Other genes included, ROS-signaling transcription factor ZAT10 and ZAT12, and the genes encoding ion transporters crucial for maintaining ion homeostasis, HIGH AFFINITY K+ TRANSPORTER 5 (HAK5) and SALT OVERLY SENSITIVE 1 (SOS1). Mel (10 µM) pre-treatment for 24 hrs followed by 50 mM salt treatment up-regulated ABI3, RD29B, ZAT12 and HAK5. The Ser (10 µM) pre-treatment significantly up-regulated ZAT12.These results indicate that indoleamine pre-treatment improved plant growth under salt stress with Mel facilitating salt tolerance via upregulation of ABA responsive genes, mediation of antioxidant defense systems to counteract the salt-induced ROS overproduction as well as controlling ion homeostasis. Although Ser displayed no significant effects on ABA signaling, it was found to increase the expression of antioxidant defense gene, ZAT12. This study demonstrates the importance of indoleamine pathway in mediation of salt stress response and provides the first indication of the involvement of Ser in salt stress tolerance. 

scholarly journals β-Aminobutyric Acid Pretreatment Confers Salt Stress Tolerance in Brassica napus L. by Modulating Reactive Oxygen Species Metabolism and Methylglyoxal Detoxification

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jubayer Al Mahmud ◽  
Mirza Hasanuzzaman ◽  
M. Iqbal R. Khan ◽  
Kamrun Nahar ◽  
Masayuki Fujita
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigments ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Salt Stress Tolerance ◽  
Brassica Napus L

Salinity is a serious environmental hazard which limits world agricultural production by adversely affecting plant physiology and biochemistry. Hence, increased tolerance against salt stress is very important. In this study, we explored the function of β-aminobutyric acid (BABA) in enhancing salt stress tolerance in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). After pretreatment with BABA, seedlings were exposed to NaCl (100 and 150 mM) for 2 days. Salt stress increased Na content and decreased K content in shoot and root. It disrupted the antioxidant defense system by producing reactive oxygen species (ROS; H2O2 and O2•−), methylglyoxal (MG) content and causing oxidative stress. It also reduced the growth and photosynthetic pigments of seedlings but increased proline (Pro) content. However, BABA pretreatment in salt-stressed seedlings increased ascorbate (AsA) and glutathione (GSH) contents; GSH/GSSG ratio; and the activities of ascorbate peroxidase (APX), monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glyoxalase I (Gly I), and glyoxalase II (Gly II) as well as the growth and photosynthetic pigments of plants. In addition, compared to salt stress alone, BABA increased Pro content, reduced the H2O2, MDA and MG contents, and decreased Na content in root and increased K content in shoot and root of rapeseed seedlings. Our findings suggest that BABA plays a double role in rapeseed seedlings by reducing Na uptake and enhancing stress tolerance through upregulating the antioxidant defense and glyoxalase systems.

scholarly journals Salt-Induced Damage is Alleviated by Short-Term Pre-Cold Treatment in Bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon)

Plants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 347
Author(s):  
Jibiao Fan ◽  
Jilei Xu ◽  
Weihong Zhang ◽  
Maurice Amee ◽  
Dalin Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Cold Treatment ◽  
Ion Homeostasis ◽  
Salt Stress Tolerance ◽  
Land Utilization ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Cell Membrane Stability

Excess salinity is a major environmental stress that limits growth and development of plants. Improving salt stress tolerance of plants is important in order to enhance land utilization and crop yield. Cold priming has been reported to trigger the protective processes in plants that increase their stress tolerance. Bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon) is one of the most widely used turfgrass species around the world. However, the effect of cold priming on salt tolerance of bermudagrass is largely unknown. In the present study, wild bermudagrass was pre-treated with 4 °C for 6 h before 150 mM NaCl treatment for one week. The results showed that the cell membrane stability, ion homeostasis and photosynthesis process which are usually negatively affected by salt stress in bermudagrass were alleviated by short-term pre-cold treatment. Additionally, the gene expression profile also corresponded to the change of physiological indexes in bermudagrass. The results suggest that cold priming plays a positive role in improving salt stress tolerance of bermudagrass.

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