A case of mediastinal fibrosis due to radiotherapy and ‘downhill’ esophageal varices: a rare cause of upper gastrointestinal bleeding

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bulent Yasar ◽  
Evren Abut
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Bleeding ◽  
Esophageal Varices ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding ◽  
Mediastinal Fibrosis ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal

scholarly journals Evaluation of endoscopic secondary prophylaxis in children and adolescents with esophageal varices

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Júlio Rocha PIMENTA ◽  
Alexandre Rodrigues FERREIRA ◽  
Eleonora Druve Tavares FAGUNDES ◽  
Paulo Fernando Souto BITTENCOURT ◽  
Alice Mendes MOURA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Portal Hypertension ◽  
Gastrointestinal Bleeding ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Esophageal Varices ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding ◽  
Secondary Prophylaxis ◽  
Gastric Fundus ◽  
Portal Hypertensive Gastropathy ◽  
Band Ligation ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND Bleeding of esophageal varices is the main cause of morbidity and mortality in children and adults with portal hypertension and there are few studies involving secondary prophylaxis in children and adolescents. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy of endoscopic secondary prophylaxis in prevention of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in children and adolescents with esophageal varices. METHODS This is a prospective analysis of 85 patients less than 18 years of age with or without cirrhosis, with portal hypertension. Participants underwent endoscopic secondary prophylaxis with sclerotherapy or band ligation. Eradication of varices, incidence of rebleeding, number of endoscopic sessions required for eradication, incidence of developing gastric fundus varices and portal hypertensive gastropathy were evaluated. RESULTS Band ligation was performed in 34 (40%) patients and sclerotherapy in 51 (60%) patients. Esophageal varices were eradicated in 81.2%, after a median of four endoscopic sessions. Varices relapsed in 38 (55.1%) patients. Thirty-six (42.3%) patients experienced rebleeding, and it was more prevalent in the group that received sclerotherapy. Gastric varices and portal hypertensive gastropathy developed in 38.7% and 57.9% of patients, respectively. Patients undergoing band ligation showed lower rebleeding rates (26.5% vs 52.9%) and fewer sessions required for eradication of esophageal varices (3.5 vs 5). CONCLUSION Secondary prophylaxis was effective in eradicating esophageal varices and controlling new upper gastrointestinal bleeding episodes due to the rupture of esophageal varices. Band ligation seems that resulted in lower rebleeding rates and fewer sessions required to eradicate varices than did sclerotherapy.

scholarly journals Isolated Splenic Vein Thrombosis: 8-Year-Old Boy with Massive Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding and Hypersplenism

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ali Kiani ◽  
Arash Forouzan ◽  
Kambiz Masoumi ◽  
Behnaz Mazdaee ◽  
Mohammad Bahadoram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Bleeding ◽  
Esophageal Varices ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding ◽  
Splenic Vein ◽  
Recurrent Bleeding ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
One Year ◽  
The One ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal

We present an 8-year-old boy who was referred to our center with the complaint of upper gastrointestinal bleeding and was diagnosed with hypersplenism and progressive esophageal varices. Performing a computerized tomography (CT) scan, we discovered a suspicious finding in the venography phase in favor of thrombosis in the splenic vein. Once complementary examinations were done and due to recurrent bleeding and band ligation failure, the patient underwent splenectomy. And during the one-year follow-up obvious improvement of the esophageal varices was observed in endoscopy.

scholarly journals Early Endoscopic Findings in Patients with Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Bangladesh

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 60-62
Author(s):  
Uzzwal Kumar Mallick ◽  
Mohammad Omar Faruq ◽  
SM Ishaque ◽  
ASM Areef Ahsan ◽  
Kaniz Fatema ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Duodenal Ulcer ◽  
Gastric Ulcer ◽  
Gastrointestinal Bleeding ◽  
Esophageal Varices ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Stomal Ulcer ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal

Objective: To determine etiological pattern of patients presenting with upper gastrointestinal bleeding in a tertiary care hospital of Bangladesh.Methods: This study was a prospective observational study, carried out in the Department of Gastroenterology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh from January 2013 to June 2013. Fifty adult patients presenting with haematemesis and/or melaena admitted into gastroenterology inpatient unit from outpatient department or patients referred from other inpatient units of Department of Medicine of BSMMU were included in the study. Endoscopic examination was performed within 24 to 48 hours of presentation. Lower GI endoscopy was done in selected cases.Results: The study patients were predominantly young or of early middle age with mean age being 34.45 ± 16.5 yrs. A male preponderance was observed with male to female ratio being 7.3:1 (44 male and 6 female). 62% of the patients presented with both haematemesis and melaena, 26% with melaena only and 12% with haematemesis alone. Endoscopy of upper gastrointestinal tract demonstrated duodenal ulcer to be predominant finding (50%), followed by gastro-esophageal erosions (20%), gastric ulcer (12%), esophageal varices (10%), gastric adenocarcinoma (4%) and stomal ulcer (4%).Conclusions: Endoscopy revealed that duodenal ulcer was the most common cause of upper gastrointestinal bleeding followed by oesophageal erosion, gastric ulcer, esophageal varices and stomal ulcer. Peptic ulcer disease still remains as the major cause of acute upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage, though cases of oesophageal erosion were also significant.Bangladesh Crit Care J September 2015; 3 (2): 60-62

Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding due to Concomitant Esophageal Varices and Herpes Simplex Virus Esophagitis in a 70-Year-Old Patient

2021 ◽  
Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahdieh Ghoddoosi ◽  
Kimia Jazi ◽  
Zahra Hajrezaei ◽  
Mohammad Amin Habibi ◽  
Sajjad Ahmadpour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Simplex Virus ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Gastrointestinal Bleeding ◽  
Esophageal Varices ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding ◽  
Simplex Virus ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal

scholarly journals Prediction of esophageal varices and variceal hemorrhage in patients with acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 745-751 ◽  
Author(s):  
Don C Rockey ◽  
Alan Elliott ◽  
Thomas Lyles
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Platelet Count ◽  
Gastrointestinal Bleeding ◽  
Esophageal Varices ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Variceal Hemorrhage ◽  
Esophageal Variceal ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal

In patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB), identifying those with esophageal variceal hemorrhage prior to endoscopy would be clinically useful. This retrospective study of a large cohort of patients with UGIB used logistic regression analyses to evaluate the platelet count, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) to platelet ratio index (APRI), AST to alanine aminotransferase (ALT) ratio (AAR) and Lok index (all non-invasive blood markers) as predictors of variceal bleeding in (1) all patients with UGIB and (2) patients with cirrhosis and UGIB. 2233 patients admitted for UGIB were identified; 1034 patients had cirrhosis (46%) and of these, 555 patients (54%) had acute UGIB due to esophageal varices. In all patients with UGIB, the platelet count (cut-off 122,000/mm3), APRI (cut-off 5.1), AAR (cut-off 2.8) and Lok index (cut-off 0.9) had area under the curve (AUC)s of 0.80 0.82, 0.64, and 0.80, respectively, for predicting the presence of varices prior to endoscopy. To predict varices as the culprit of bleeding, the platelet count (cut-off 69,000), APRI (cut-off 2.6), AAR (cut-off 2.5) and Lok Index (0.90) had AUCs of 0.76, 0.77, 0.57 and 0.73, respectively. Finally, in patients with cirrhosis and UGIB, logistic regression was unable to identify optimal cut-off values useful for predicting varices as the culprit bleeding lesion for any of the non-invasive markers studied. For all patients with UGIB, non-invasive markers appear to differentiate patients with varices from those without varices and to identify those with a variceal culprit lesion. However, these markers could not distinguish between a variceal culprit and other lesions in patients with cirrhosis.

Topical Sclerotherapy of Esophageal Varices

1983 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 640-641
Author(s):  
Stephen A. Mendel ◽  
Shibban K. Ganju
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Bleeding ◽  
Esophageal Varices ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding ◽  
Multiple Injections ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal

We have treated two patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding due to esophageal varices, with a procedure first described in the 1930s, sclerotherapy of the varices. The procedure involves multiple injections of a sclerosing solution into the varices, utilizing a fiberoptic endoscope.

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