Characterization of hydrogeologic properties of the Tabriz plain multilayer aquifer system, NW Iran

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahim Barzegar ◽  
Asghar Asghari Moghaddam ◽  
Mortaza Najib ◽  
Naeimeh Kazemian ◽  
Jan Adamowski
Keyword(s):  
Nw Iran ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Ye ◽  
Y. Wang ◽  
J. Wu ◽  
P. Teatini ◽  
J. Yu ◽  
...  

Abstract. The Suzhou-Wuxi-Changzhou (known as "Su-Xi-Chang") area, located in the southern part of Jiangsu Province, China, experienced serious land subsidence caused by overly exploitation of groundwater. The largest cumulative land subsidence has reached 3 m. With the rapid progress of land subsidence since the late 1980s, more than 20 earth fissures developed in Su-Xi-Chang area, although no pre-existing faults have been detected in the surroundings. The mechanisms of earth fissure generation associated with excessive groundwater pumping are: (i) differential land subsidence, (ii) differences in the thickness of the aquifer system, and (iii) bedrock ridges and cliffs at relatively shallow depths. In this study, the Guangming Village Earth Fissures in Wuxi area are selected as a case study to discuss in details the mechanisms of fissure generation. Aquifer exploitation resulted in a drop of groundwater head at a rate of 5–6 m yr−1 in the 1990s, with a cumulative drawdown of 40 m. The first earth fissure at Guangming Village was observed in 1998. The earth fissures, which developed in a zone characterized by a cumulative land subsidence of approximately 800 mm, are located at the flank of a main subsidence bowl with differential subsidence ranging from 0 to 1600 mm in 2001. The maximum differential subsidence rate amounts to 5 mm yr−1 between the two sides of the fissures. The fissure openings range from 30 to 80 mm, with a cumulative length of 1000 m. Depth of bed rock changes from 60 to 140 m across the earth fissure. The causes of earth fissure generation at Guangming Village includes a decrease in groundwater levels, differences in the thickness of aquifer system, shallow depths of bedrock ridges and cliffs, and subsequent differential land subsidence.


2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-24
Author(s):  
Sandow Mark Yidana ◽  
Duke Ophori ◽  
Clement A. Alo

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 175-184
Author(s):  
Saleh Mustapha Babagana ◽  
Satendra Sharma

Electrical resistivity method using vertical electrical sounding (VES) technique and Schlumberger array was employed with the aim of delineating limits and types of aquifer system(s), and stratigraphic composition of the Demsa area, a confluence of Benue River in Northeast Nigeria. The result revealed that the hydrogeology of the area may be controlled by fractures (secondary porosity) developed in sedimentary units. Two aquifers, namely the upper alluvial aquifer and the confined deeper aquifer systems exist in the study area. The two aquifers occur at depths of 20.5 – 41 m, and 43.8 – 78.9 m respectively, and are separated by a thin layer of poorly permeable clays and silts, ranged between 1.1 – 5.3 m in thickness. The lateral extent of the aquifer systems extend almost evenly across the area. The aquifers’ thickness tends to decrease with increase in distance of VES station from the Benue River which suggested that the aquifer systems are probably recharged by direct escapement of the Benue River.


2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rogério de Jesus Porciúncula ◽  
Luiz Rogério Bastos Leal

ABSTRACT. A detailed hydrogeophysical survey was conducted using the geoelectrical method in the surroundings of the LIMPEC sanitary landfill, municipality of Camaçari, Bahia, Brazil. Twenty-six vertical electrical soundings (VESs) were done, configured according to the Schlumberger electrode array and spaced up to 400 m between current electrodes. Hydrogeological quali-quantitative information was obtained by integrating geoelectrical results to data from wells and local geology information, namely: (i) an apparent resistivity map showed the occurrence of a conductivity anomaly, possibly attributed to the contamination plume, dispersed within the saturated zone, and presenting a SSE convection direction; (ii) one-dimensional inversions allowed to interpret the stratigraphic pattern, identify static level depth and the occurrence of possible contamination plumes, and indicate the direction of groundwater flow, which was also towards SSE; (iii) two-dimensional inversions produced inverted geoelectrical profiles, with a mean error below 2%, and confirmed the occurrence of possible contamination plumes disseminated within the unsaturated zone and dispersed within the saturated one. The geoelectrical facies with the highest resistivity values (> 600 ohm.m) were related to the São Sebastião Formation. Facies with intermediate values (100 to 800 ohm.m) regarded the Marizal Formation. In turn, those with the lowest values (< 100 ohm.m) were related to contamination plumes and/or eventual occurrences of silt/clay; (iv) the parameters of porosity, hydraulic conductivity, and transmissivity were estimated between 19.2 and 34.2%, 0.11 and 3.37 x10-3 cm/s, and 4.7 and 145.6 m²/d, respectively; and (v) local free aquifer vulnerability was classified as high, according to the evaluation using the GOD method.Keywords: geoelectrical method, urban solid waste, hydrodynamic parameters.  Caracterização Hidrogeofísica do Sistema Aquífero Marizal – São Sebastião, no Entorno do Aterro Sanitário Limpec, Camaçari, Bahia, BrasilRESUMO. Um estudo hidrogeofísico de detalhe, utilizando o método geoelétrico, foi conduzido no entorno do aterro sanitário LIMPEC, município de Camaçari, Bahia, Brasil. Vinte e seis sondagens elétricas verticais (SEVs), sob configuração do arranjo Schlumberger de eletrodos, com espaçamento de até 400 m entre os eletrodos de corrente foram executadas. Informações quali-quantitativas de âmbito hidrogeológico foram alcançadas a partir da integração dos resultados geoelétricos a dados de poços e informações da geologia local, a saber: (i) o mapa de resistividade aparente revelou a ocorrência de uma anomalia condutiva, possivelmente atribuída à pluma de contaminação, dispersa na zona saturada, apresentando sentido de convecção na direção SSE; (ii) as inversões unidimensionais possibilitaram interpretar o padrão estratigráfico, identificar a profundidade do nível estático, a ocorrência de possíveis plumas de contaminação e apontar o sentido do fluxo hídrico subterrâneo também para SSE; (iii) as inversões bidimensionais geraram perfis geoelétricos invertidos, com erro médio inferior a 2%, e confirmaram a ocorrência de possíveis plumas de contaminação disseminadas na zona não saturada e dispersas na zona saturada. Os fácies geoelétricos de maiores valores de resitividade (>600 Ohm.m) estão atribuídos à Formação São Sebastião. Os fácies de valores intermediários (100 a 800 Ohm.m), referem-se à Formação Marizal. Já os de menores valores (<100 Ohm.m), a plumas de contaminação e/ou eventuais ocorrências de silte/argila; (iv) os parâmetros porosidade, condutividade hidráulica e transmissividade foram estimados serem entre 19,2 a 34,2%, 0,11 a 3,37 x10-3 cm/s e 4,7 a 145,6 m²/d, respectivamente; e (v) a vulnerabilidade do aquífero livre local foi classificada como alta, segundo avaliação realizada utilizando o método GOD. Palavras-chave: método geoelétrico, resíduos sólidos urbanos, parâmetros hidrodinâmicos.


2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 66-76
Author(s):  
H.-Y. Lu

Arsenic contamination in groundwater is a common groundwater problem worldwide. To manage groundwater resources effectively, it is crucial to determine the arsenic source. Taiwan&rsquo;s Tsengwen Creek watershed is one of the known areas for groundwater arsenic contamination. Water-rock interactions are evaluated on a regional scale. A conceptual hydrogeological framework is first established based on groundwater hydrochemistry. The local aquifer system can be categorized into high-arsenic deep aquifer and low-arsenic shallow aquifer. The average geochemistry of sediments indicates that arsenic and heavy metals are not significantly enriched in the deeper aquifer on the scale of the whole watershed. Therefore, arsenic contamination in the deeper groundwater of the Tsengwen Creek watershed is not simply source-controlled. However, the Fe-Mn oxides in sediments contain slightly more arsenic in the deep aquifer. The long residence time of groundwater could magnify the enrichment and cause natural arsenic contamination in the deep aquifer.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thyago Anthony Soares Lima ◽  
José Paulo Patrício Geraldes Monteiro ◽  
Luis Ricardo Dias da Costa

&lt;p&gt;This reasearch discusses the necessary tasks to carry out the hydrogeological characterization of the sands, sandstones, and gravels of the Baixo Alentejo coast. Currently, this characterization has done in detail only in the areas where these formations constitute hydro-stratigraphic units of the aquifer systems of Sines and the Alvalade Basin. In addition to system hydrogeological characterization of the system, the volume of water used for irrigation in the study area was estimated, with the aim of characterizing its inter-annual evolution between 2000 and 2018 and intra-annual for the year 2018. To do so, remote sensing and satellite image processing methods were used (LANDSAT 5 and 8 and MODIS). A synthesis of the hydrogeological characterization is presented in an area of 195.8 km&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, divided into two aquifer sectors, one located north of the Mira River with 94.12 km&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; and the other south with 101.75 km&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;. The first stage of the work consisted of the analysis of the studied aquifers recharge based on precipitation and the analysis of piezometry data in order to define the conceptual model of hydraulic functioning of the system. The available data were obtained from fieldwork and from the LIFE-Charcos Project (LIFE12NAT / PT / 997). In parallel, an analysis of land use and occupation performed, with emphasis on the identification of irrigation areas. Finally, the volume of water used in agriculture irrigation was determined using the method of estimating the consumptive use of water in irrigation at a local scale, based on the determination of evapotranspiration values, using the algorithm SEBAL, precipitation, and&amp;#160; irrigation efficiency. The results obtained were validated, with high precision, through the comparison with the irrigation volumes known during 2018, and the calibration of the monthly sequential water balance model at ground level.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Key words: aquifer system of sands, sandstones and gravels of the Baixo Alentejo coast; hydrogeology; Irrigation; Remote Sensing.&lt;/p&gt;


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