The aim of the research is to present the development of scientifically-methodological foundations of the irrigated lands and water bodies’ ecological state’s assessment with the prospects for their improvement on the base of remote sensing data usage. The development of evaluation of ecological state in the article highlights the stages of formation and improvement.
The unified integrated approach to the assessment of the hydrogeological, engineering-geological and soil-reclamation conditions and prediction of their changes under the influence of irrigation is the result of the formation stage.
At the stage of theoretical justification and development of the scientific foundations of ecological reclamation monitoring, a methodology for the spatial assessment of the ecological reclamation state of irrigated lands was developed for the assessment of their resistance to the harmful effects of water and soils degradation. Taking into account ecological aspects the definition of ecologically-ameliorative state was applied. An ecologically-ameliorative stability of lands - complex indicator of the geosystem’ state’s dynamic is proposed .
The ecologically-ameliorative stability is proposed to consider as potential (genetic) and as actual (technogenic). A comparison of the potential and actual ecologically-ameliorative stability of lands for different periods of time, taking into account the level of anthropogenic pressure on the territory, makes possible to predict the ecological state of the lands under irrigation. The current general tendency to reduce the volume of monitoring work, long-term stationary research, the size of the observation network, and the actual areas of controlled lands leads to the decreasing of the results’ information fulfillment.
At the modern stage, the theoretically-methodological foundations for the determination and practical application of estimated indicators of the reclaimed land and water bodies’ state based on remote sensing data have been developed.Were organized the polygons for the results aprobation. The software “Database of spectral signatures” was developed to collect and store the results processing of the satellite information. The software AnalistNOAA was developed to analyze the hydrothermal conditions of Ukraine. The program “Multi-criteria assessment of irrigation territories” makes it possible to coordinate individual chemical and physical indicators. To achieve the optimal level of ordering of terrestrial and satellite information, a theory of their interchangeability has been developed on the whole. Conclusions. The assessment methodology is based on the concept of ecologically-ameliorative stability of lands. It allows a comprehensive spatial assessment and forecasting of the ecologically-ameliorative state of irrigated farmlands. The use of remote sensing data is an effective mean to increase the level of information and responsiveness of ground-based research in the spatial assessment of the ecological state, water-ecological and ecologically-ameliorative situations. Improvement of the scientifically-methodological foundations for assessing the ecological state of reclaimed land and water bodies is based on the obtaining of the temporal (year, month, week) and spatial (region, district, economy, field) values based on a variety of satellite information and partial or complete replacement of the estimated indicators determined by the ground surveys, by the remote sensing data determined indicators.
Assessment of soil erosion hazard and its mapping using GIS technologies