Socio-demographic, Marital, and Psychosocial Factors Associated with Condom Use Negotiation Self-Efficacy Among Mozambican Women at Risk for HIV Infection

Abstract Objective This cross-sectional study aimed to identify predictors of self- perceived risk of HIV infection among undergraduates in mainland China, based on the health belief model.Methods A self-administered questionnaire survey method was used to collect information from 10665 eligible undergraduates across the whole country (except for Tibet). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was chosen to explore the predictors of self-perceived risk of HIV infection.Results Approximately half (48.2%) of the undergraduates perceived themselves to be at risk of contracting HIV, yet only 8.9% reported to engage in risky sexual behaviors. After controlling for potential confounders, males [adjusted odd ratio (AOR)=0.72, 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.66-0.77], those residing in urban areas (AOR=0.86, 95% CI= 0.79-0.93), having higher levels of condom use self-efficacy (AOR=0.64, 95% CI=0.58-0.69) and knowing the national AIDS policy (AOR=0.68, 95% CI=0.62-0.74) were less likely to perceive themselves to be at risk of acquiring HIV. Conversely, freshmen (AOR=1.27, 95% CI=1.16-1.38), non-heterosexuals (AOR=1.57, 95% CI=1.39-1.77), and those who had expressed less stigma towards people living with HIV (PLHIV) (AOR=1.25, 95% CI=1.15-1.35) and had the intention of utilizing voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) services (AOR=1.29, 95% CI=1.16-1.43) perceived themselves to be at increased risk for HIV infection.Conclusions Undergraduates tended to overestimate their own risk of acquiring HIV infection. In order to help undergraduates accurately assess their risk of being infected with HIV and effectively avoid risk, a comprehensive intervention measure should be taken to target females, non-heterosexuals, freshmen and those residing in rural areas, raise their awareness of the national AIDS policy, relieve their stigma against PLHIV, improve their condom use self-efficacy and provide VCT services in college campus.

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Prevalence of and Factors Associated With Extramarital Sex Among Nigerian Men

American Journal of Men s Health ◽

10.1177/1557988308330772 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 124-134 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Kola Oyediran ◽

Uche C. Isiugo-Abanihe ◽

Bamikale J. Feyisetan ◽

Gbenga P. Ishola

Keyword(s):

Hiv Infection ◽

Condom Use ◽

Sexual Debut ◽

Married Couples ◽

Consistent Condom ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Extramarital Sex ◽

Study Results ◽

The Family ◽

Gender Based

This study used data on currently married and cohabiting men aged 15 to 64 years from the 2003 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey to examine the prevalence of and factors associated with extramarital sex. The results show that 16% engaged in extramarital sex in the 12 months preceding the survey and had an average of 1.82 partners. The results also show statistically significant association between extramarital sex and ethnicity, religion, age, age at sexual debut, education, occupation, and place of residence. Based on the study results, it could be concluded that significant proportions of Nigerians are exposed to HIV infection through extramarital sex. A fundamental behavioral change expected in the era of HIV/AIDS is the inculcation of marital fidelity and emotional bonding between marital partners. The promotion of condom use among married couples should be intensified to protect women, a large number of whom are exposed to HIV infection from their spouses who engage in unprotected extramarital sex. And, because of gender-based power imbalances within the family, a large number of the women are unable to negotiate consistent condom use by their partners.

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