Self-efficacy, decisional balance and stages of change for condom use among women at risk for HIV infection

Abstract Objective This cross-sectional study aimed to identify predictors of self- perceived risk of HIV infection among undergraduates in mainland China, based on the health belief model.Methods A self-administered questionnaire survey method was used to collect information from 10665 eligible undergraduates across the whole country (except for Tibet). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was chosen to explore the predictors of self-perceived risk of HIV infection.Results Approximately half (48.2%) of the undergraduates perceived themselves to be at risk of contracting HIV, yet only 8.9% reported to engage in risky sexual behaviors. After controlling for potential confounders, males [adjusted odd ratio (AOR)=0.72, 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.66-0.77], those residing in urban areas (AOR=0.86, 95% CI= 0.79-0.93), having higher levels of condom use self-efficacy (AOR=0.64, 95% CI=0.58-0.69) and knowing the national AIDS policy (AOR=0.68, 95% CI=0.62-0.74) were less likely to perceive themselves to be at risk of acquiring HIV. Conversely, freshmen (AOR=1.27, 95% CI=1.16-1.38), non-heterosexuals (AOR=1.57, 95% CI=1.39-1.77), and those who had expressed less stigma towards people living with HIV (PLHIV) (AOR=1.25, 95% CI=1.15-1.35) and had the intention of utilizing voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) services (AOR=1.29, 95% CI=1.16-1.43) perceived themselves to be at increased risk for HIV infection.Conclusions Undergraduates tended to overestimate their own risk of acquiring HIV infection. In order to help undergraduates accurately assess their risk of being infected with HIV and effectively avoid risk, a comprehensive intervention measure should be taken to target females, non-heterosexuals, freshmen and those residing in rural areas, raise their awareness of the national AIDS policy, relieve their stigma against PLHIV, improve their condom use self-efficacy and provide VCT services in college campus.

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Relationships between Transtheoretical Model Stages of Change, Decisional Balance, Self-Efficacy, and Physical Activity Level among Nigerian Market Vendors

American Journal of Health Promotion ◽

10.4278/ajhp.121024-quan-519 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 28 (5) ◽

pp. e118-e126 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Fatai Adesina Maruf ◽

Peter Olanrewaju Ibikunle ◽

Najim Olanrewaju Raji

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Stages Of Change ◽

Transtheoretical Model ◽

Physical Activity Level ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Decisional Balance ◽

Activity Level

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Stages of change and decisional balance for condom use with a romantic partner

Journal of Health Psychology ◽

10.1177/1359105311433911 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 17 (8) ◽

pp. 1193-1202 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

F Prat ◽

M Planes ◽

ME Gras ◽

MJM Sullman

Keyword(s):

Condom Use ◽

Stages Of Change ◽

Decisional Balance ◽

Romantic Partner

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Educational Intervention Enhances Consumers' Readiness To Adopt Food Thermometer Use When Cooking Small Cuts of Meat: An Application of the Transtheoretical Model

Journal of Food Protection ◽

10.4315/0362-028x-68.9.1874 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 68 (9) ◽

pp. 1874-1883 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

MASAMI T. TAKEUCHI ◽

MIRIAM EDLEFSEN ◽

SANDRA M. McCURDY ◽

VIRGINIA N. HILLERS

Keyword(s):

Stages Of Change ◽

Transtheoretical Model ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Intervention Program ◽

Decisional Balance ◽

Processes Of Change ◽

Safety Risks ◽

Raising Awareness ◽

Readiness To Adopt ◽

Educational Campaigns

An intervention to promote use of food thermometers when cooking small cuts of meat was conducted using the Transtheoretical Model. Objectives were to (i) increase use of food thermometers by home food preparers, (ii) improve consumers' attitudes regarding use of a food thermometer, and (iii) examine relationships between stages of change and decisional balance, self-efficacy, and processes of change. A randomly selected group of residents of Washington and Idaho (n = 2,500) were invited to participate in the research; 295 persons completed all phases of the multistep intervention. Following the intervention program, there was a significant increase in food thermometer use when cooking small cuts of meat (P < 0.01); those persons classified in action and maintenance stages increased from 9 to 34%. Ownership of thermometers also significantly increased (P < 0.05). The three constructs related to the Transtheoretical Model that were used in the study (decisional balance, self-efficacy, and processes of change) were very useful for examining differences among people at different stages of change because the responses for each set of questions differed positively and significantly (P < 0.01) as stages of change classifications advanced from precontemplation (no interest in thermometer use) to action and maintenance (individuals who use food thermometers). Additional educational campaigns designed to increase use of food thermometers are needed. Because most consumers are currently in the precontemplation stage, food thermometer campaigns will be most effective when they are focused on raising awareness of the food safety risks and the benefits of using food thermometers when cooking small cuts of meat.

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The Importance of Decisional Balance and Self-Efficacy in Relation to Stages of Change for Fruit and Vegetable Intakes by Young Adults

American Journal of Health Promotion ◽

10.4278/0890-1171-16.3.157 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. 157-166 ◽

Cited By ~ 68

Author(s):

Jun Ma ◽

Nancy M. Betts ◽

Tanya Horacek ◽

Constance Georgiou ◽

Adrienne White ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Stages Of Change ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Decisional Balance ◽

Fruit And Vegetable

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The Effect of Prevention Messages and Self-Efficacy Skill Building With Inner-City Women at Risk for HIV Infection

Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care ◽

10.1016/j.jana.2009.02.007 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 20 (4) ◽

pp. 283-292 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Rosanna F. DeMarco ◽

Malkia Kendricks ◽

Yolani Dolmo ◽

Sara E. Dolan Looby ◽

Kirsti Rinne

Keyword(s):

At Risk ◽

Hiv Infection ◽

Inner City ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Prevention Messages ◽

Skill Building

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The Transtheoretical Model of Health Behavior Change

American Journal of Health Promotion ◽

10.4278/0890-1171-12.1.38 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 38-48 ◽

Cited By ~ 3404

Author(s):

James O. Prochaska ◽

Wayne F. Velicer

Keyword(s):

At Risk ◽

Health Behavior ◽

Behavior Change ◽

Stages Of Change ◽

Transtheoretical Model ◽

Basic Research ◽

Health Behavior Change ◽

Decisional Balance ◽

Computer Based ◽

At Risk Populations

The transtheoretical model posits that health behavior change involves progress through six stages of change: precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance, and termination. Ten processes of change have been identified for producing progress along with decisional balance, self-efficacy, and temptations. Basic research has generated a rule of thumb for at-risk populations: 40% in precontemplation, 40% in contemplation, and 20% in preparation. Across 12 health behaviors, consistent patterns have been found between the pros and cons of changing and the stages of change. Applied research has demonstrated dramatic improvements in recruitment, retention, and progress using stage-matched interventions and proactive recruitment procedures. The most promising outcomes to date have been found with computer-based individualized and interactive interventions. The most promising enhancement to the computer-based programs are personalized counselors. One of the most striking results to date for stage-matched programs is the similarity between participants reactively recruited who reached us for help and those proactively recruited who we reached out to help. If results with stage-matched interventions continue to be replicated, health promotion programs will be able to produce unprecedented impacts on entire at-risk populations.

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