Proximal and distal Facial nerve exploration during superficial parotidectomy

Introduction: Tumors of the salivary gland are relatively uncommon and represent less than two percentage of all head and neck neoplasms. Parotid gland tumor comprises 85% of the salivary gland tumors of which 80% are being benign. Superficial parotidectomy is the commonest procedure done for parotid tumors which can be performed by either anteretrograde or retrograde facial nerve dissection technique.Methods: Outcome of 60 patients after superficial parotidectomy with retrograde facial nerve dissection has been studied.Results: Total of 60 patients had been studied. Complications like facial nerve weakness, Freys syndrome, salivary fistula, and wound infection were taken into account. Among them, 13.33% patients developed temporary facial nerve weakness, followed by temporary salivary fistula, 1.6%. None of the patients developed any severe complication.Conclusion: Superficial parotidectomy by retrograde facial nerve dissection is an easy technique to carry out with low complication rate and without compromising surgical outcome.Journal of Gandaki Medical CollegeVol. 10, No. 1, 2017, page: 25-27

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Antegrade versus Retrograde Facial Nerve Dissection during Superficial Parotidectomy

Aljouf University Medical Journal ◽

10.12816/0011915 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 33-40

Author(s):

El-Sayed Mahmoud Abd-Elwahab ◽

Sayed Kadh ◽

Olfat A. Khaled

Keyword(s):

Facial Nerve ◽

Superficial Parotidectomy

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Pleomorphic adenomas of the parotid gland: superficial parotidectomy or limited excision?

The Journal of Laryngology & Otology ◽

10.1017/s0022215100105845 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 102 (7) ◽

pp. 603-605 ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

C. Wennmo ◽

O. Spandow ◽

P. Emgård ◽

B. Krouthén

Keyword(s):

Retrospective Study ◽

Side Effects ◽

Parotid Gland ◽

Facial Nerve ◽

Superficial Parotidectomy ◽

Operative Results ◽

Gustatory Sweating ◽

Pleomorphic Adenomas ◽

Parotid Tumours

AbstractIn this retrospective study of parotid tumours. 57 patients with pleomorphic adenomas were treated with superficial parotidectomy and 33 patients with limited excision. The follow-up period has been 4–14 years. When the operation was superficial parotidectomy, recurrences occurred in 8.7 per cent compared to 6 per cent in cases of limited excision. Side-effects such as permanent weakness of the facial nerve or postoperative gustatory sweating were also more common when superficial parotidectomy was performed. The post-operative results observed suggest that limited excision under magnification is more favourable than superficial parotidectomy in the treatment of pleomorphic adenomas.

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Factors associated with facial nerve palsy in patients undergoing superficial parotidectomy for pleiomorphic adenoma: our experience of eight and half years

International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery ◽

10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20195591 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 60

Author(s):

Dheer S. Kalwaniya ◽

Goutam Kothathi Chowdegowda ◽

Monish Raj ◽

Jaspreet S. Bajwa ◽

Satya V. Arya ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Parotid Gland ◽

Facial Nerve ◽

Pleomorphic Adenoma ◽

Surgical Approaches ◽

Depth Of Invasion ◽

Tumor Depth ◽

Facial Paresis ◽

Superficial Parotidectomy ◽

Parotid Surgery ◽

Nerve Paresis

Background: The pleomorphic adenoma comprises 45-60% of all salivary gland tumors most often in parotid gland up to 80%. The association between the facial nerve and the gland is responsible for most of the technical difficulties and complications of the surgical approaches.Methods: This is a retrospective observational study performed in a unit of General Surgery, Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi from May 2011 to October 2019 of all patients who underwent superficial parotidectomy for pleomorphic adenoma of parotid gland. The data was tabulated and results made using SPSS 21.0 system. Results: Male:female ratios are 29:33. Average age was 47.1 years (31-61). Average duration of disease was 2.2 years (0.3-5). 4 were operated for recurrence. Facial paresis occurred in 7 out of 62 patients (11.3%), 4 females and 3 males. 11 patients have tumor greater than 4 cm, out of these 11 patients 2 patients had pre-op facial paresis. Out of 51 patients (size <4 cm), 2 suffered facial paresis and out of 11 patients (size >4 cm), 5 suffered same. Out of 59 patients with depth of tumor <2 cm, 4 patients had post-op facial paresis. All the three patients having tumor depth >2 cm suffered post op facial paresis. Patients with pre-op facial nerve paresis had mean duration of tumor 3.35 year (±0.92) while with post-op facial nerve paresis had mean duration of tumor 2.99 year (±1.35).Conclusions: Meticulous separation of facial nerve from parotid tissue is key to preservation of the facial nerve. But factors like size of tumor, depth of invasion, previous surgery do affect the outcome in parotid surgery.

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Partial superficial parotidectomy for pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid gland

BMJ Case Reports ◽

10.1136/bcr-2020-238759 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (6) ◽

pp. e238759

Author(s):

Auric Bhattacharya ◽

Madhumati Singh ◽

Anjan Shah ◽

Lynn Lilly Varghese

Keyword(s):

Salivary Gland ◽

Parotid Gland ◽

Facial Nerve ◽

Pleomorphic Adenoma ◽

Needle Aspiration ◽

Superficial Parotidectomy ◽

Salivary Gland Tumours ◽

Patient Reported ◽

The Face ◽

Needle Aspiration Cytology

Pleomorphic adenoma, otherwise called as benign mixed tumour, is the most common salivary gland tumour which accounts for 60% of all benign salivary gland tumours. The clinical, radiological and histopathological presentations are varied. The tumour occurs in diverse anatomical sites and can consist of epithelial and mesenchymal components. In this case report, the patient reported with an asymptomatic swelling on the face. CT scan with contrast was advised. The clinical, roentgenographic findings and Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology were indicative of pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid gland. Treatment included partial superficial parotidectomy under general anaesthesia using the modified Blair’s incision. The facial nerve was not involved. Part of the gland along with the tumour was resected completely superficial to the facial nerve with a margin of normal tissue all around. Histopathologic examination of tissue specimen confirmed the lesion as pleomorphic adenoma. The patient was asymptomatic at 6-month follow-up.

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Comparative Study between Antegrade and Retrograde Facial Nerve Dissection in Superficial Parotidectomy

Ain Shams Journal of Surgery ◽

10.21608/asjs.2019.178104 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 81-86

Author(s):

Mohamed Mahfouz ◽

Amr M. Elhefny ◽

Mohamed Lasheen

Keyword(s):

Comparative Study ◽

Facial Nerve ◽

Superficial Parotidectomy

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An Experience of Superficial Parotidectomy in Tertiary Care Teaching Hospitals

10.53350/pjmhs2115113066 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (11) ◽

pp. 3066-3068

Author(s):

Liaquat Ali Bhatti ◽

Muhammad Aslam Javed ◽

Hina Khan ◽

Muhammad Arshad ◽

Khalid Javeed Khan

Keyword(s):

Facial Nerve ◽

Demographic Data ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Study Data ◽

Teaching Hospitals ◽

Facial Nerve Paralysis ◽

Superficial Parotidectomy ◽

Nerve Paralysis ◽

Parotid Tumors ◽

Surgical Unit

Background: Superficial parotidectomy is associated with a decreased incidence of transient facial nerve paralysis compared with that of total parotidectomy. Aim: To analyze the clinical presentation, histopathology and complications following superficial parotidectomy performed for benign parotid tumors. Methods: Two center study data was collected from the Surgical Unit I, Department of Surgery AIMC/Jinnah Hospital Lahore (1st January 2012 to October 2018) and Surgical Unit II, Department of Surgery, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital Lahore (November 2018 to 31st December 2020). All patients who underwent superficial Parotidectomy surgery for benign parotid tumors, from 1st January 2012 to 31st December 2020 were assessed for intra-operative and post-operative complications. Demographic data, intraoperative details, and postoperative outcomes of all patients who underwent superficial parotidectomy were collected. Patients with benign parotid tumors on FNAC were included while patients with malignant cells on histopathology were excluded. Results: A total of 50 patients having benign parotid tumors on FNAC underwent superficial parotidectomy during this study period. There were 35 female patients (70%) and 15 male (30%), with female to male ratio of 2.3:1. The age range was 23-70 years with mean age of patients 35.6 years (5.65±SD). In 48% cases the tumor was on left side of face and in 52% cases it was on right side. Amongst 50 cases, on postoperative histopathology, 2 patients had malignant change. Key words: Superficial parotidectomy, pleomorphic adenoma, facial nerve paralysis.

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Deep lobe parotid lipoma: a case report

The Journal of Laryngology & Otology ◽

10.1017/s0022215100131287 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 109 (8) ◽

pp. 772-773 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Graeme M. Weiner ◽

A. L. Pahor

Keyword(s):

Case Report ◽

Parotid Gland ◽

Facial Nerve ◽

The Body ◽

Common Occurrence ◽

Superficial Parotidectomy ◽

Deep Lobe ◽

Simple Enucleation ◽

The Common

AbstractWe present a patient with a lipoma of the deep lobe of the parotid gland. Despite the common occurrence of this tumour in other regions of the body, we believe that this is only the second report in the literature of a lipoma in this location. We believe that these tumours are easily dealt with by simple enucleation, and that superficial parotidectomy should be reserved for tumours deep to the facial nerve.

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