scholarly journals Effect of Mandibular Advancement Surgery on Tongue Length and Height and Its Correlation with Upper Airway Dimensions

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 624-629
Author(s):  
N. K. Sahoo ◽  
Shiv Shankar Agarwal ◽  
Sanjeev Datana ◽  
S. K. Bhandari
Keyword(s):  
Upper Airway ◽  
Mandibular Advancement ◽  
Tongue Length ◽  
Airway Dimensions

scholarly journals Changes in head posture, hyoid bone position and airway dimensions after orthognatic surgery

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Wanderson Roberto dos Santos Azevedo ◽  
Christiane Cavalcante Feitoza ◽  
Carlos Sanches Vargas Junior ◽  
Karina Eiras Dela Coleta Pizzol
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Period ◽  
Orthognathic Surgery ◽  
Hyoid Bone ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Mandibular Advancement ◽  
Cervical Region ◽  
Mandibular Movement ◽  
Postural Changes ◽  
Air Space ◽  
Airway Dimensions

Mandibular/bimaxillary advancement surgery is described as a potential means of increasing the oropharyngeal airspace , provided a significant improvement in breathing capacity. Aim: To evaluate postural changes suffered in the positioning of the head and the hyoid bone, dentofacial deformity patients undergoing orthognathic surgery with consequent dimensional changes of oropharyngeal airspace. Methods: We evaluated the archived records of patients with postoperative 6 months minimum, being used as criteria for selecting individuals with dental class II malocclusion and facial Pattern II, jaw or maxilomandibular deficiency, patients undergoing orthodontic-surgical treatment through mandibular advancement or of both bony bases, associated or not to genioplastia. Twenty-eight patients were part of the sample and were evaluated by means of lateral radiographs in lateral standard digitized, in three distinct periods: pre-operative, immediate postoperative period and late postoperative period (minimum 6 months). 12 linear measures and two angular cephalometric analysis were used in this research. Results: With the surgery, there was an average of mandibular advancement 6, 76 mm, while remaining stable in the long-term follow-up period; the hyoid bone moved onward and upward, extending your movement in the post-operative. The cervical region presented minimal movement of the head extension in the immediate post operative with almost total returns the position of the head in the post-operative. The surgical movement of oropharyngeal air space was in the same direction of the mandibular movement, but to a lesser extent (1,88 -2,76 mm). In the post-operative period was a late partial reduction of the diameter of the air space between 34-56% of gain, representing an apparent accommodation of this anatomical region soft tissue. Conclusion: Orthognathic surgery of mandibular advancement or bimaxillary promotes significant changes in aesthetics, in the position of the hyoid bone and upper airway dimensions, getting better quality of life to these patients.

scholarly journals An evaluation of two different mandibular advancement devices on craniofacial characteristics and upper airway dimensions of Chinese adult obstructive sleep apnea patients

2015 ◽  
Vol 85 (6) ◽  
pp. 962-968 ◽  
Author(s):  
Finn Geoghegan ◽  
Anika Ahrens ◽  
Colman McGrath ◽  
Urban Hägg
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Hyoid Bone ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Mandibular Advancement ◽  
Twin Block ◽  
Chinese Adult ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Mandibular Advancement Devices ◽  
Airway Dimensions

ABSTRACT Objectives: To evaluate the effects of two different mandibular advancement devices (MADs) on craniofacial characteristics and upper airway dimensions of Chinese adult patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Materials and Methods:  Forty-five patients with OSA were recruited as part of a prospective randomized crossover trial for treatment with two different MADs. Lateral cephalograms were taken, and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale and the Sleep Apnea Quality of Life Index were completed at baseline. Results:  The Apnea-Hypoxia Index was highly significantly reduced with the monoblock (P < .001) and significantly reduced with the twin block (P < .01). The monoblock demonstrated a superior result than the twin block (P < .05). A significant reduction was found in the distances between the hyoid bone to retrognathia (monoblock, P < .01; twin block, P < .001) as well as the distance between the hyoid bone and mandibular plane angle (P < .001). Furthermore, soft palate length increased significantly (P < .05) with both MADs. However, the changes did not differ in favor of either MAD. Conclusion:  Monoblock was the better MAD to improve OSA severity. No difference could be found in changes of subjective OSA indicators. Significant but similar cephalometric changes were observed, indicating both MADs alter the position of the surrounding musculature and improve upper airway patency. Therefore, the different design features of the MADs suggest an impact on some OSA indicators.

Using Two-Way Fluid-Structure Interaction to Study the Collapse of the Upper Airway of OSA Patients

2014 ◽  
Vol 553 ◽  
pp. 275-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mo Yin Zhao ◽  
Tracie J. Barber ◽  
Peter A. Cistulli ◽  
Kate Sutherland ◽  
Gary Rosengarten
Keyword(s):  
Computational Models ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Fluid Structure Interaction ◽  
Maximum Velocity ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Mandibular Advancement ◽  
Fluid Structure ◽  
Structure Interaction ◽  
Obstructive Sleep

Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is a common sleep disorder characterized by repetitive collapse of the upper airway (UA) during sleep. Treatment options for OSA include mandibular advancement splints (MAS), worn intra-orally to protrude the lower jaw to stabilize the airway. However not all patients will respond to MAS therapy and individual effects on the upper airway are not well understood. Simulations of airway behavior represent a non-invasive means to understand this disorder and treatment responses in individual patients. The aims of this study was to perform analysis of upper airway (UA) occlusion and flow dynamics in OSA using the fluid structure interaction (FSI) method, and secondly to observe changes associated with MAS usage. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans were obtained with and without mandibular advance splint (MAS) treatment in a patient known to be a treatment responder. Computational models of the anatomically correct UA geometry were reconstructed for both pre-and post-treatment (MAS) conditions. By comparing the simulation results, the treatment success of MAS was demonstrated by smaller UA structure deformation (maximum 2mm) post-treatment relative to the pre-treatment fully collapsed (maximum 6mm) counterpart. The UA collapse was located at the oropharynx and the low oropharyngeal pressure (-51 Pa to-39 Pa) was induced by the velopharyngeal jet flow (maximum 10 m/s). The results support previous OSA computational fluid dynamics (CFD) studies by indicating similar UA pressure drop and maximum velocity values. These findings lay a firm platform for the application of computational models for the study of the biomechanical properties of the upper airway in the pathogenesis and treatment of OSA.

scholarly journals Tongue Pressure Sensing Array Integrated with a System-on-Chip Embedded in a Mandibular Advancement Splint

Micromachines ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun-Ting Chen ◽  
Kun-Ying Yeh ◽  
Szu-Han Chen ◽  
Chuang-Yin Wang ◽  
Chao-Chi Yeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Films ◽  
Conductive Polymer ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
System On Chip ◽  
Mandibular Advancement ◽  
Tongue Pressure ◽  
Electrode Pair ◽  
Pressure Sensing ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
On Chip

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), which is caused by obstructions of the upper airway, is a syndrome with rising prevalence. Mandibular advancement splints (MAS) are oral appliances for potential treatment of OSA. This work proposes a highly-sensitive pressure sensing array integrated with a system-on-chip (SoC) embedded in a MAS. The device aims to measure tongue pressure distribution in order to determine the efficacy of the MAS for treating OSA. The flexible sensing array consists of an interdigital electrode pair array assembled with conductive polymer films and an SoC capable of retrieving/storing data during sleep, and transmitting data for analysis after sleep monitoring. The surfaces of the conductive polymer films were patterned with microdomed structures, which effectively increased the sensitivity and reduced the pressure sensing response time. The measured results also show that the crosstalk effect between the sensing elements of the array was negligible. The sensitivity of the sensing array changed minimally after the device was submerged in water for up to 100 h.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the upper airway dimensions following Herbst appliance treatment in adolescents: A retrospective study

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 153-163
Author(s):  
Min Gu ◽  
Yifan Lin ◽  
Colman Patrick Joseph McGrath ◽  
Urban Hägg ◽  
Ricky Wing Kit Wong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Soft Palate ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Class Ii Malocclusion ◽  
Growth Data ◽  
Herbst Appliance ◽  
Downward Movement ◽  
Dimensional Changes ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Airway Dimensions

Objectives: This retrospective study investigated dimensional changes in the upper airway following Herbst appliance therapy in adolescents with Class II malocclusion and compared those changes with growth data. Materials and Methods: Lateral cephalograms from 44 Herbst-treated adolescents (23 boys, mean age = 13.3 ± 1.1 years, and 21 girls, mean age = 12.6 ± 1.1 years) were analyzed for the changes in the upper airway and craniofacial variables. Longitudinal cephalometric data of 34 untreated adolescents (15 boys, mean age = 12.6 ± 0.3 years, and 19 girls, mean age = 12.9 ± 0.4 years) were used as growth data for comparison. Results: Following treatment, significant changes were noted in most of the variables. Boys displayed greater downward movement of the hyoid bone than girls did (P = 0.021). Compared with the growth data, a greater increase in retroglossal oropharyngeal depth and hypopharyngeal depth was observed in boys and girls, respectively. Both displayed a decrease in the inclination of the soft palate and a smaller change in nasopharyngeal depth. Conclusion: Herbst appliance therapy enlarges the upper airway dimensions at two dissimilar sites in girls (oropharynx) and boys (hypopharynx). Boys display a greater increase in anterior and posterior facial heights than girls do, potentially accounting for the site dissimilarities. Moreover, a Herbst appliance improves the inclination of the soft palate and restricts the growth of the nasopharynx in both boys and girls.

scholarly journals The influence of craniofacial morphology on the upper airway dimensions

2014 ◽  
Vol 85 (5) ◽  
pp. 874-880 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iveta Indriksone ◽  
Gundega Jakobsone
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Craniofacial Morphology ◽  
Multivariate Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Old Patients ◽  
Oropharyngeal Airway ◽  
Semiautomatic Segmentation ◽  
Airway Dimensions

ABSTRACT Objective:  To evaluate the influence of craniofacial morphology on the upper airway dimensions in healthy adult subjects. Materials and Methods:  The records of 276 healthy 17- to 27-year-old patients were extracted from the cone-beam computed tomography image database of the Institute of Stomatology, Riga Stradins University. Dolphin 11.7 software was used to evaluate craniofacial anatomy and semiautomatic segmentation of the upper airway. Measurements of oropharyngeal airway volume (OPV), minimal cross-sectional area (CSAmin), and nasopharyngeal airway volume (NPV) were obtained. The presence of adenoid tissues was recorded. Associations between variables were analyzed by Spearman's correlation coefficients, and multivariate linear regression analysis was used to identify factors that had a possible influence on upper airway dimensions. Results:  The following factors were identified as influencing the variability of NPV (23%): SNA angle, gender, and presence of adenoids. Statistically significant, although weak, correlations were found between SNB angle and OPV (r  =  0.144, P < .05) and CSAmin (r  =  0.182, P < .01). Conclusion:  The results suggest that craniofacial morphology alone does not have a significant influence on upper airway dimensions.

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