scholarly journals Marine-atmospheric boundary layer characteristics over the South China Sea during the passage of strong Typhoon Hagupit

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 420-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xueling Cheng ◽  
Lin Wu ◽  
Lili Song ◽  
Binglan Wang ◽  
Qingcun Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
South China Sea ◽  
Atmospheric Boundary Layer ◽  
South China ◽  
The South China Sea ◽  
Marine Atmospheric Boundary Layer ◽  
The South ◽  
China Sea

scholarly journals The South China Sea Monsoon Experiment—Boundary Layer Height (SCSMEX-BLH): Experimental Design and Preliminary Results

2015 ◽  
Vol 143 (12) ◽  
pp. 5035-5053 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huijun Huang ◽  
Weikang Mao
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Heat Flux ◽  
South China Sea ◽  
South China ◽  
The South China Sea ◽  
Active Period ◽  
The South ◽  
Layer Height ◽  
China Sea ◽  
Boundary Layer Height

Abstract Knowing the relationship between local convective precipitation and boundary layer processes is critical for forecasting rainstorms. For the South China Sea area, such a forecast is particularly important during the monsoon season. During such a season, the authors examined the boundary layer features at three sites as part of the South China Sea Monsoon Experiment—Boundary Layer Height (SCSMEX-BLH) experiment. The sites are spread from inland to over sea along a 43.4-km line. Here the authors analyze SCSMEX-BLH data from an intensive observing period that includes a convectively suppressed (inactive) period, a period influenced by a tropical storm, and a convectively active monsoon period. Some preliminary findings include the following: 1) The absorption of shortwave radiation over the sea is the primary driver of the land–sea temperature difference. The difference produces a diurnal variation below 400 m, with a warmer surface layer over the coast at night. 2) In the inactive and storm periods, the sensible heat flux is larger than that in the active period, whereas in the active period, the heat flux (primarily latent heat flux) over sea is significant. Also in the active period, the depth of the mixed layer inland is smaller than that in other periods, but the depth on the coast is always higher than that in other periods. 3) In the active period at night, as a monsoon vapor surge advects horizontally over the warm sea surface, a large latent heat flux driven by strong winds aids the growth of marine cumulus, which eventually develop into inland cumulonimbus bringing inland rainfall.

scholarly journals Aircraft Observations of Tropical Cyclone Boundary Layer Turbulence over the South China Sea

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (12) ◽  
pp. 3773-3783 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Sparks ◽  
K. K. Hon ◽  
P. W. Chan ◽  
S. Wang ◽  
J. C. L. Chan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Tropical Cyclone ◽  
South China Sea ◽  
South China ◽  
Inner Core ◽  
The South China Sea ◽  
The South ◽  
China Sea ◽  
Boundary Layer Turbulence ◽  
Aircraft Observations

Abstract There have been no high-frequency aircraft observations of tropical cyclone (TC) eyewall boundary layer turbulence since two flights into Atlantic hurricanes in the 1980s. We present an analysis of the first TC boundary layer flight observations in the South China Sea by the Hong Kong Observatory comprising four eyewall penetrations. We derive the vertical flux of momentum and vertical momentum diffusivity from observed turbulence parameters. We observe negative (upward) vertical fluxes of tangential momentum near the eyewall consistent with a jet below the flight level near the radius of maximum wind. Our observations of vertical momentum diffusivity support a superlinear relationship between diffusivity and wind speed at the high wind speeds in the inner-core of TCs (power-law exponent of 1.73 ± 0.20) while the few existing boundary layer hurricane observations in the North Atlantic suggest a more linear relationship.

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