scholarly journals High efficiency protocol of DNA extraction from Micromys minutus mandibles from owl pellets: a tool for molecular research of cryptic mammal species

2013 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena M. Buś ◽  
Michał Żmihorski ◽  
Jerzy Romanowski ◽  
Laima Balčiauskienė ◽  
Jan Cichocki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Extraction ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Micromys Minutus ◽  
Owl Pellets

scholarly journals Kisemlősök faunisztikai felmérése Somogy megye északkeleti részén, gyöngybagoly Tyto alba (Scopoli, 1769) köpetek vizsgálata alapján

2013 ◽  
pp. 81-90
Author(s):  
J. Jenő Purger
Keyword(s):  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Sorex Araneus ◽  
Myodes Glareolus ◽  
Tyto Alba ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Arvicola Amphibius ◽  
Eptesicus Serotinus ◽  
Micromys Minutus ◽  
Muscardinus Avellanarius ◽  
Owl Pellets

Pellets were collected between 1999 and 2009, from 20 localities (investigated area: BT80, BS79, BS78, BS77, BS89 and BS88, according to 10×10 km UTM grids). In a total of 1570 Barn Owl pellets there were 4127 prey rem-nants. Small mammals were dominating (97.8%). 22 mammal species were evidented: Crocidura leucodon, C. suaveolens, Sorex araneus, S. minutus, Neomys anomalus, Talpa euro-paea, Eptesicus serotinus, Muscardinus avellanarius, Microtus agrestis, M. arvalis, M. oeconomus, M. subterraneus, Arvicola amphibius, Myodes glareolus, Apodemus agrarius, A. flavicol-lis, A. sylvaticus, A. uralensis, Micromys minutus, Mus mus-culus, M. spicilegus, Rattus norvegicus). Remnants of birds, amphibians and insects consisted 2.2 % of total prey.

scholarly journals Kisemlősök faunisztikai felmérése Külső-Somogy északnyugati részén, gyöngybagoly Tyto alba (Scopoli, 1769) köpetek vizsgálata alapján

2014 ◽  
pp. 105-112
Author(s):  
J. Jenő Purger J.
Keyword(s):  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Sorex Araneus ◽  
Myodes Glareolus ◽  
Tyto Alba ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Talpa Europaea ◽  
Eptesicus Serotinus ◽  
Micromys Minutus ◽  
Muscardinus Avellanarius ◽  
Owl Pellets

Barn Owl pellets were collected between 1999 and 2014, from 11 localities (investigated area: YM07, YM18, YM27 and YM29, according to 10×10 km UTM grids). In a total of 1313 pellets there were 3630 prey remnants. Small mammals were dominating (98.4%). We documented occur-rence of 25 mammal species: Crocidura leucodon, C. sua-veolens, Sorex araneus, S. minutus, Neomys anomalus, N. fodiens, Talpa europaea, Eptesicus serotinus,Pipistrellus na-thusii, Muscardinus avellanarius, Glis glis, Microtus agrestis, M. arvalis, M. oeconomus, M. subterraneus, Arvicola amphi-bius, Myodes glareolus, Apodemus agrarius, A. flavicollis, A. sylvaticus, A. uralensis, Micromys minutus, Mus musculus, M. spicilegus, Rattus norvegicus). Remnants of birds and am-phibians consisted 1.6% of total prey.

An attempt to determine the size of the Common Barn-owl’s (Tyto alba) hunting area based on its prey composition

2021 ◽  
pp. 175815592110660
Author(s):  
Jenő J Purger ◽  
Dávid Szép
Keyword(s):  
Functional Groups ◽  
Small Mammals ◽  
Small Mammal ◽  
Barn Owl ◽  
Tyto Alba ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Open Forest ◽  
Prey Composition ◽  
Small Mammal Species ◽  
Owl Pellets

The relative abundance of small mammal species detected from Common Barn-owl pellets reflects the landscape structure and habitat pattern of the owl’s hunting area, but it is also affected by the size of the collected pellet sample and the size of the supposed hunting area. The questions arise: how many pellets should be collected and analyzed as well as how large hunting area should be taken into consideration in order to reach the best correspondence between the owl’s prey composition and the distribution of habitats preferred by small mammals preyed in supposed hunting areas? For this study, we collected 1045 Common Barn-owl pellets in a village in southern Hungary. All detected small mammal species were classified into functional groups (guilds) preferring urban, open, forest and wetland habitats. The proportion of functional groups was compared to the proportion of these habitats around the pellet collection site within circles of one, two, and three km radius. Saturation curves showed that at least 300 pellets or ca. 600 mammalian remains are required for the detection of the 19 small mammal species. The share of small mammals detected in the prey and their functional groups according to their habitat preference showed an increasing consistency with the distribution of real habitats in the potential hunting area of a radius of 3 km around the owl’s breeding or resting place.

Microfluidic chip for high efficiency DNA extraction

Lab on a Chip ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yung-Chiang Chung ◽  
Ming-Shiung Jan ◽  
Yu-Cheng Lin ◽  
Ju-Hwa Lin ◽  
Wang-Chin Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Extraction ◽  
Microfluidic Chip ◽  
High Efficiency

Seasonal patterns in habitat use by the harvest mouse (Micromys minutus) and other small mammals

Mammalia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Occhiuto ◽  
Eman Mohallal ◽  
Geoffrey D. Gilfillan ◽  
Andrew Lowe ◽  
Tom Reader
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Use ◽  
Population Size ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Sampling Effort ◽  
Seasonal Fluctuations ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Wood Mice ◽  
Bank Voles ◽  
Harvest Mouse ◽  
Micromys Minutus

Abstract The ecology of the harvest mouse (Micromys minutus) is poorly understood, partly because it is a difficult species to monitor. It is commonly associated with reedbeds, where evidence suggests that it experiences strong seasonal fluctuations in abundance. However, it is unknown whether these fluctuations are caused by real changes in population size, or by movement between habitats. This study investigated seasonal changes in population size and habitat use by harvest mice, and other small mammal species, by trapping the reedbed and three associated habitat types: woodland, pasture and arable land. A sampling effort of 9887 trap bouts across nine months, resulted in 70 captures of harvest mice, as well as wood mice (N = 1022), bank voles (N = 252), field voles (N = 9), common shrews (N = 86) and pygmy shrews (N = 7). The reedbed was the habitat with the most captures and highest diversity. Harvest mice were caught exclusively in the reedbed at the beginning of autumn. Wood mice and bank voles experienced fluctuations in population numbers and wood mice also showed seasonal variation in habitat use. Our study supports the idea that harvest mice undergo extreme seasonal fluctuations in abundance in reedbeds, but these do not appear to be related to changes in habitat use.

scholarly journals An annotated check list of the land mammal fauna of the West Coast National Park

Koedoe ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
D.M. Avery ◽  
I.L. Rautenbach ◽  
R.M. Randall
Keyword(s):  
Small Mammal ◽  
National Park ◽  
Small Samples ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Interesting Insight ◽  
Land Mammal ◽  
Observational Techniques ◽  
Initial List ◽  
Owl Pellets

Some 4 000 Barn Owl pellets with small mammal remains have been collected over a period of nine years from two locations at the south end of the Langebaan lagoon. Two small samples of bones from archaeological sites on the Churchhaven peninsula provide evidence for past mammal occurrences. The remains of small mammals from the owl pellet collections provide an initial list of 18 species that occur within theWest Coast National Park. Subsequent conventional censusing by means of trapping and observational techniques to assess the small and large mammal species diversity of the area were conducted during 1989. This study documents the definite occurrence of 63 mammal species in the park, seven of which are exotics. The presence of a further five species requires confirmation. Interesting insight is gained into how direct censusing and owl pellet analyses augment each other in establishing the presence of small mammal taxa of an area.

scholarly journals High-Efficiency DNA Extraction Using Poly(4,4′-Cyclohexylidene Bisphenol Oxalate)-Modified Microcrystalline Cellulose-Magnetite Composite

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Aisha Nawaf Al balawi ◽  
Nor Azah Yusof ◽  
Sazlinda Kamaruzaman ◽  
Faruq Mohammad ◽  
Helmi Wasoh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Extraction ◽  
Microcrystalline Cellulose ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Extraction Efficiency ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Polymer Surface ◽  
Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Composite Formation ◽  
Magnetite Particles ◽  
Phosphate Buffered Saline

In this study, we studied the DNA extraction capability of poly(4,4′-cyclohexylidene bisphenol oxalate) following the surface modification and composite formation with that of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (NPs). The physical characterization techniques like scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were employed for the poly(bisphenol Z oxalate)-MCC-magnetite composite during different stages of its formation. The results confirmed the successful modification of the polymer surface. On testing in the presence of three types of binding buffers, a high value of 72.4% (out of 10,000 ng/μL) efficiency with a total yield of DNA at 2×106 ng and absorbance ratio of A260/A280 (1.980) was observed for the 2 M GuHCl/EtOH binding buffer. These results were compared against the other two buffers of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and NaCl. The lowest value of DNA extraction efficiency at 8125 ng/μL of 58.845% with absorbance ratios of A260/A280 (1.818) for PBS was also observed. The study has concluded an enhancement in the DNA extraction efficiency when the polymer is in the composite stage along with cellulose and magnetite particles as compared against the bare polymer.

Long-eared owls roosted in the forest, still hunted in open land

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-119
Author(s):  
Filip Tulis ◽  
Michal Ševčík ◽  
Ján Obuch
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Common Vole ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Human Settlements ◽  
Minimum Information ◽  
Human Attention ◽  
Open Land ◽  
Deep Forest ◽  
The Common ◽  
Owl Pellets

Abstract Long-eared owls’ winter roosts located within forest, compared to their winter roosts in human settlements, often escape human attention. Only minimum information has been published about winter roosts located deep in the forest. During the years 2005 to 2016, we collected long-eared owl pellets at irregularly occupied forest winter roosts. Compared to the diet at winter roosts in human settlements, the long-eared owls roosting in the forest surprisingly significantly more frequently hunted the common vole. Moreover, we did not record higher consumption of forest mammal species in the diet of owls at forest winter roosts. Long-eared owls roosting in human settlements hunted significantly more birds. The results show that, despite the location of deep forest winter roosts, long-eared owls preferred hunting the common vole, i.e. hunting in open agricultural land. The study also points out the lack of knowledge about winter roosts located deep in the forest.

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