Breaking hard seed dormancy in the perennial legume Lebeckia ambigua E. Mey. to enhance sustainable agricultural production

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Harrison ◽  
Tom J. Edwards ◽  
Emma Steel ◽  
Ron J. Yates ◽  
Brad J. Nutt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Hard Seed ◽  
Perennial Legume

scholarly journals Perubahan Perilaku Dormansi selama Proses Desikasi pada Benih Kacang Bambara (Vigna subterranea L. Verdc.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-43
Author(s):  
Maryati Sari ◽  
Satriyas Ilyas ◽  
M. Rahmad Suhartanto ◽  
Abdul Qadir
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Bambara Groundnut ◽  
Vigna Subterranea ◽  
Drying Method ◽  
Dormancy Breaking ◽  
Hard Seed ◽  
Seed Desiccation ◽  
Germination Behaviour ◽  
Field Emergence ◽  
Seed Dormancy And Germination

Bambara groundnut seeds often show unsynchronized and slow germination even though on newly harvested seeds. This might be due to the presence of seed dormancy. Therefore, the objective of this research was to obtain the information on seed dormancy and germination behaviour of bambara groundnut seeds during desiccation. The experiment was arranged in a nested design. Dormancy breaking treatments (untreated, mechanical scarification, soaking in 1% KNO3 for 2 hours, mechanical scarification followed by KNO3 soaking) were nested in each of the desiccation levels (fresh seeds with 54.7% moisture content (mc), desiccated seeds with 44.4%, 18.0%, 15.4%, and 12.1% mc). The results showed that newly harvested seeds were in dormant state. Seed desiccation did not increase the intensity of seed dormancy, even resulted in an increase in field emergence (at 30 days after planting) from 43.9% in fresh seeds to around 70% in dry seed (12-15% mc). Seed desiccation (from 44.4% mc to 12.1% mc) increased the field emergence, although it was inadequate to break the dormancy completely. Meanwhile, seed desiccation tended to increase the GA/ABA ratio, but the seed permeability was decreased. The fact showed that seed desiccation reduced the intensity of dormancy of bambara groundnut seed, therefore, it is suggested to modify the drying method in order to accelerate the increasing of GA/ABA ratio while keeping the testa permeable. Keywords: after-ripening, GA/ABA ratio, hard seed, kacang bogor, permeability

Venice Mallow (Hibiscus trionum) Seed Production and Persistence in Soil in Colorado

1996 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Westra ◽  
Calvin H. Pearson ◽  
Randal Ristau ◽  
Frank Schweissing
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Hard Seed ◽  
Hibiscus Trionum ◽  
Soil Seedbank ◽  
Hard Seed Coat ◽  
Insight Into

This study was conducted to gain insight into the soil seedbank dynamics of Venice mallow in two irrigated Colorado soils. Venice mallow plants produced an average of 3100 seeds per plant under noncompetitive irrigated conditions. Venice mallow seeds collected from three regions of Colorado and stored at 25 C averaged 95% dormancy and less than 4% nonviable seeds 6 mo after harvesting. Percent nonviable seeds in soil remained relatively constant over 2 yr. Most seeds germinated within the first 3 mo after burial in the first crop production year. Seed dormancy decreased to an average of 40% after 3 mo of burial in cultivated soil at Fruita and Rocky Ford, and thereafter remained relatively constant for 21 mo. Fruita seeds underwent lessin situgermination than seeds from Greeley or Rocky Ford. Innate seed dormancy was lower at Fruita (27%) than at Rocky Ford (39%). Enforced dormancy remained constant over a 21-mo period and was similar for both locations (32%). Seeds buried for 2 yr at Fruita underwent greaterin situgermination (42%) than at Rocky Ford (27%). At Fruita, the level of enforced dormancy was higher and the level of innate dormancy lower at the 20-cm than the 2-cm depths. Venice mallow seed dormancy likely is due to an impermeable hard seed coat.

scholarly journals 341 Overcoming Seed Dormancy in Winecups, Callirhoe involucrata

HortScience ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 450F-451
Author(s):  
Dianne Oakley ◽  
Julie Laufmann ◽  
James Klett ◽  
Harrison Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Practical Method ◽  
Boiling Water ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Water Leaching ◽  
Hard Seed ◽  
A Minor

Propagation of Winecups [Callirhoe involucrata (Torrey & A. Gray)] for use as a landscape ornamental has been impeded by a lack of understanding of the seed dormancy and a practical method for overcoming it. As with many members of the Malvaceae family, C. involucrata produces hard seed. In the populations tested, it accounted for 90% of an average sample. Impermeability, however, is not the only limiting factor to germination. Three disparate populations of seed, representing two different collection years have been investigated using moist pre-chilling, boiling water, leaching, gibberellic acid, hydrogen peroxide and mechanical and chemical scarification methods. Scarifying in concentrated sulfuric acid stimulates germination of some seed fractions and causes embryonic damage in others, suggesting variation in seed coat thickness. Similar results were obtained using a pressurized air-scarifier; the hard seed coat of some seed fractions were precisely scarified while others were physically damaged using the same psi/time treatment. Placing seed in boiling water increases germination from 4%, 7%, and 18 % to 23%, 25%, and 77% in the three populations, respectively. Leaching for 24/48 h in cold (18 °C) aerated water or for 24 h in warm (40 °C) aerated water showed only a minor increase over the control. Pre-chilling at 5 °C for 30, 60, and 90 days showed no improvement over the control. Gibberellic acid-soaked blotters improved germination at 400 ppm to 20%, 10%, and 41%; at 500 ppm germination was reduced. Soaking seed for 24 h in a 3% concentration of hydrogen peroxide did not effect germination; at a 30% concentration germination was reduced. The considerable variation in seed dormancy expression may be a function of differences in environmental factors during development or seed age.

scholarly journals SEED DORMANCY BREAKING TREATMENTS FORAFRICAN PURSLANE (Zaleya pentandra)

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 623-629 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. MUNAWAR ◽  
M. NAEEM ◽  
H.H. ALI ◽  
M. JAMIL ◽  
M. IQBAL ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Arid Zone ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Plant Management ◽  
Dormancy Breaking ◽  
Invasive Weed ◽  
Hard Seed ◽  
Dry Heat ◽  
Breaking Dormancy ◽  
Seed Scarification

ABSTRACT Understanding the mechanisms involved in releasing seed dormancy is crucial for effective plant management and renewal of species in the arid zone. Zaleya pentandra is an emerging invasive weed of the arid areas of Pakistan. We investigated the effects of different dormancy breaking treatments on the germination of Z. pentandra seeds. Seeds were treated with hot water (by placing them in boiling water for 5, 15, 30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 min), dry heat (by placing them in a preheated oven at 70 oC for 1, 2, and 4 hours; at 70 oC for 1, 2, 3, and 4 days, and at 200 oC for 5, 10, 15, 30, and 45 min) and stratification (by placing them at 2-5 ºC in a refrigerator for 5, 10, 30, and 60 min; for 3, 6, and 12 hours, and for 1, 2, 4, 8, 15, and 30 days). Seeds also were soaked in thiourea ([(NH2)2CS] (0, 2,500, 5,000, 7,500, and 10,000 mg L-1 for 24 h at 30 oC) and in KNO3 (0, 10,000, 20,000, 30,000, 40,000, 50,000, and 60,000 mg L-1 for 24 h at 30 oC). Additionally, seeds were scarified with HCl (for 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, and 21 h), HNO3 (for 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, and 21 h), and H2SO4 (for 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, and 120 min at 30 oC) and also mechanically scarified with sandpaper. Zaleya pentandra seeds showed typical signs of hard seed coat dormancy. Mechanical scarification and acid treatments promoted seed germination to a varying degree. Seed scarification with HNO3 for 12 to 18 h as well as with HCl for 12 h and 15 h was efficient in breaking dormancy of Z. pentandra seeds, providing germination up to 92.5%. Seed scarification with H2SO4 from 20 to 120 min showed little effect, whereas hot water, dry heat, stratification and various concentrations of thiourea and KNO3 were ineffective in breaking Z. pentandra seed dormancy.

A comparative study of seed dormancy and germination in an annual and a perennial species of Senna (Fabaceae)

1998 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 501-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerry M. Baskin ◽  
Xiaoying Nan ◽  
Carol C. Baskin
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Seasonal Temperature ◽  
Hard Seed ◽  
Breaking Dormancy ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Natural Temperature ◽  
Colour Morphs ◽  
Hard Seed Coat ◽  
Seed Dormancy And Germination

AbstractSeed dormancy and germination ofSenna marilandicaandS. obtusifoliawere compared in greenhouse and laboratory studies. About 90% of theS. obtusifoliaseeds were green and had hard seed coat dormancy, whereas the other 10% were brown and nondormant. Seed-colour morphs did not occur inS. marilandica, and nearly 100% of the seeds had hard seed coat dormancy. Seeds ofS. obtusifoliawere significantly heavier than those ofS. marilandica. Mechanical scarification was very effective in overcoming dormancy in seeds of both species. However, concentrated sulfuric acid, absolute ethanol and boiling water were less effective in breaking dormancy in seeds ofS. marilandicathan in those ofS. obtusifolia. Further, incubating seeds at 30/15 to 40/25°C and dry-heat treatments at 80–100°C were ineffective in breaking dormancy inS. marilandica, but significantly increased germination percentages inS. obtusifolia. In neither species were simulated daily/seasonal temperature shifts effective in breaking dormancy. Scarified seeds of both species germinated over a wide range of temperatures in both light and darkness. Under near-natural temperature conditions, seeds ofS. marilandicagerminated in spring only, whereas those ofS. obtusifoliaemerged in late spring and throughout summer. Both species can form a long-lived seed bank. Dormancy break by high field temperatures in seeds ofS. obtusifoliaallows this species to germinate throughout the warm growing season and thus contributes to its success as a weed in arable crops.

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