scholarly journals Measured as the water flows: the striated and smooth in marine spatial planning

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Jay
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Marine Spatial Planning ◽  
Shetland Islands ◽  
Spatial Concept ◽  
Water Flows ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The One ◽  
Plan Making ◽  
Planning Action

AbstractMarine spatial planning (MSP) now has a sufficient history for consideration of the way in which MSP processes are developing over time, gaining experience and responding to issues that arise. Rather than setting a study of this kind in the well-established framework of adaptive management, I choose instead a spatial concept that allows planning action to be more closely meshed with the nature of the marine setting itself, that of Deleuze and Guatarri’s notion of striated and smooth spaces. This suggests that there are two different manners in which space is produced, which are interdependent and interchanging and work together in making progress; this has certain resonances with the materiality of the sea. I use this concept in a reading of an MSP process with a relatively long pedigree, that of the Shetland Islands, Scotland, UK, focusing particularly on the development of aquaculture policy, through analysis of a sequence of documents. The study reveals that policy-making is suffused with striated and smooth spatialities, finding expression on the one hand in development criteria and other regulations, and on the other hand, in discretion, negotiation and opportunity-building, with the two yielding to each other and advancing together with their different types of movement. This suggests a more general manner by which MSP processes may progress, by spatial dialectic of this kind, in which those who practice MSP engage through their own reasoning of the natural and human structures and dynamisms of the coasts and seas and their responsive plan-making.

scholarly journals Marine spatial planning in the UK: A review of the progress and effectiveness of the plans and their policies

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne-Michelle Slater ◽  
Jim Claydon
Keyword(s):  
Future Development ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Marine Spatial Planning ◽  
Limited Evidence ◽  
Top Down ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Plan Making ◽  
Marine Planning ◽  
Coastal Access

Ten years after the Marine and Coastal Access Act 2009 that introduced marine planning to UK, this article investigates the progress and effectiveness of marine plans. It identifies that initial plans are still being produced in parts of the UK. Scotland has led the way with a National Marine Plan that has already been reviewed. England’s approach has been to produce a sequence of regional plans with two adopted. Wales adopted its National Marine Plan in November 2019 and Northern Ireland’s national marine plans are under preparation. The article examines the effectiveness of the plans through a framework informed by implementation theory assuming that plan-making indicates a ‘top-down’ approach to policy. The plans and their policies are assessed to draw reflections on the soundness of the documents. Marine licensing decisions are considered to assess the extent to which they reflect adopted policies. Limited evidence of the explicit influence of policies in those decisions was established. The findings were supplemented by interviews with key actors including applicants. This revealed a culture of conciliation and cooperation among decision-makers. Analysis and reflection led to positive and challenging conclusions for the future development of marine plan-making in the UK and elsewhere.

scholarly journals Bringing ‘Deep Knowledge’ of Fisheries into Marine Spatial Planning

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 347-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alicia Said ◽  
Brice Trouillet
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Production ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Stakeholder Participation ◽  
Marine Spatial Planning ◽  
Knowledge Model ◽  
Deep Knowledge ◽  
Types Of Knowledge ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Planning Processes ◽  
Policy And Planning

Abstract In marine spatial planning (MSP), the production of knowledge about marine-based activities is fundamental because it informs the process through which policies delineating the use of space are created and maintained. This paper revises our view of knowledge—developed during the mapping and planning processes—as the undisputed factual basis on which policy is developed. Rather, it argues that the construction, management, validation, and marginalisation of different types of knowledge stemming from different stakeholders or disciplinary approaches is at the heart of policy and planning processes. Using the case of fisheries-generated knowledge in the implementation of MSP, we contend that the fisheries data informing the MSP process are still very much streamlined to classical bio-economic metrics. Such metrics fall short of describing the plural and complex knowledges that comprise fisheries, such as localised social and cultural typologies, as well as the scale and dynamics, hence, providing incomplete information for the decision-making process of MSP. In this paper, we provide a way to move towards what we conceptualize as ‘Deep Knowledge’ and propose a model that brings together of the existing datasets and integrates socio-cultural data as well as complex spatiotemporal elements, to create dynamic rather than static datasets for MSP. We furthermore argue that the process of knowledge production and the building of the parameters of such datasets, should be based on effective stakeholder participation, whose futures depend on the plans that eventually result from MSP. Finally, we recommend that the ‘Deep Knowledge’ model is adopted to inform the process of knowledge production currently being undertaken in the diverse countries engaging in the MSP process. This will result in policies that truly reflect and address the complexities that characterise fisheries, and which are legitimized through a process of knowledge co-production.

Review and evaluation of marine spatial planning in the Shetland Islands

Marine Policy ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 152-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Kelly ◽  
Lorraine Gray ◽  
Rachel Shucksmith ◽  
Jacqueline F. Tweddle
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Marine Spatial Planning ◽  
Shetland Islands

Waldpolitischer Jahresrückblick 2013

2014 ◽  
Vol 165 (5) ◽  
pp. 105-112
Author(s):  
Willi Zimmermann
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Forest Policy ◽  
Federal Court ◽  
Annual Review ◽  
Lower Court ◽  
Forest Exploitation ◽  
Forest Law ◽  
Harmful Organisms ◽  
European Forest ◽  
The One

Annual review of forest policy 2013 At the federal level, forest policy in 2013 was marked by a high number of implementation tasks on the one hand, and by the preparation of a renewed revision of the Forest Law on the other hand. The latter involved not only formal changes to individual legal articles, but also new regulations to protect against dangerous and harmful organisms, about the advancement of timber production and climate change adaptation. The traditional implementation tasks in 2013 included the approval of the budget, the controlling of different program agreements, the processing of parliamentary interventions as well as providing diverse documents. Particularly noteworthy this past year was a Federal Court decision, which, in contradiction to the cantonal lower court, classified test-drilling in a forest as a disadvantageous non-forest exploitation that requires authorization. At the international level, the adoption of a European Forest Convention was hindered primarily because the decision about the location of the secretariat stalled. In terms of forest-relevant policies, particularly spatial planning and energy policy can be expected to have noticeable effects on forests.

scholarly journals A Bird’s-Eye View of Cell Sources for Cell-Based Therapies in Blood Cancers

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1333
Author(s):  
Benjamin Motais ◽  
Sandra Charvátová ◽  
Matouš Hrdinka ◽  
Michal Šimíček ◽  
Tomáš Jelínek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hematological Malignancies ◽  
Antigen Receptors ◽  
Chimeric Antigen Receptors ◽  
Blood Cancer ◽  
Cell Based Therapy ◽  
Cell Source ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Cell Sources ◽  
The One ◽  
Initial Results

Hematological malignancies comprise over a hundred different types of cancers and account for around 6.5% of all cancers. Despite the significant improvements in diagnosis and treatment, many of those cancers remain incurable. In recent years, cancer cell-based therapy has become a promising approach to treat those incurable hematological malignancies with striking results in different clinical trials. The most investigated, and the one that has advanced the most, is the cell-based therapy with T lymphocytes modified with chimeric antigen receptors. Those promising initial results prepared the ground to explore other cell-based therapies to treat patients with blood cancer. In this review, we want to provide an overview of the different types of cell-based therapies in blood cancer, describing them according to the cell source.

scholarly journals Ocean data portals: Performing a new infrastructure for ocean governance

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 484-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noëlle Boucquey ◽  
Kevin St. Martin ◽  
Luke Fairbanks ◽  
Lisa M Campbell ◽  
Sarah Wise
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
East Coast ◽  
The United States ◽  
Marine Spatial Planning ◽  
Critical Cartography ◽  
Third Phase ◽  
Ocean Governance ◽  
The World ◽  
New Infrastructure

We are currently in what might be termed a “third phase” of ocean enclosures around the world. This phase has involved an unprecedented intensity of map-making that supports an emerging regime of ocean governance where resources are geocoded, multiple and disparate marine uses are weighed against each other, spatial tradeoffs are made, and exclusive rights to spaces and resources are established. The discourse and practice of marine spatial planning inform the contours of this emerging regime. This paper examines the infrastructure of marine spatial planning via two ocean data portals recently created to support marine spatial planning on the East Coast of the United States. Applying theories of ontological politics, critical cartography, and a critical conceptualization of “care,” we examine portal performances in order to link their organization and imaging practices with the ideological and ontological work these infrastructures do, particularly in relation to environmental and human community actors. We further examine how ocean ontologies may be made durable through portal use and repetition, but also how such performances can “slip,” thereby creating openings for enacting marine spatial planning differently. Our analysis reveals how portal infrastructures assemble, edit, and visualize data, and how it matters to the success of particular performances of marine spatial planning.

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