Vaccine coverage rate lower in uninsured children in USA

Even though attempts have been effectively applied to eradicate the neonatal tetanus through widespread childhood vaccination and improved conditions at delivery, it remains major cause of infant mortality and continues a problem of public health in developing countries including Yemen. The aims of this study were to determine the tetanus immunization status, the association between the risk factors and failure of protection in pregnant women at time of delivery. This cross-sectional study included 476 women seeking care for delivery at Al Thawra Modern General Hospital and Al Sabain Hospital, women age ranged from 16-49 years old. Immunization information and factors affecting it were obtained through a standard questionnaire. Serum samples were collected and level of IgG antibody against Clostridium tetani was measured by ELISA technique. Protected women were defined as those with serum antibody levels > or = 0.6 IU/ml. The total vaccine covering rate of tetanus was 87%, and maternal vaccine rate was 33.6%, the protective rate at time of delivery was 68.5%. There were significant association between unvaccinated (OR=18.6), older ages (OR=1.7), rural residency (OR=34) and malaria infection during pregnancy (OR=2.9); with protection failure in pregnant women at time of delivery. It can be concluded that the total vaccine coverage rate and antenatal tetanus vaccine rate were insufficient. In addition, the protective rate at time of delivery was low and large numbers of neonate are susceptible to neonatal tetanus and death. Vaccinating every pregnant woman with at least one dose of TT would be an affordable and effective way to protect against neonatal tetanus, and would be a step toward eliminating the deaths that continue to occur due to this preventable disease in Yemen.

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High Vaccine Coverage is Crucial for Preventing the Spread of Infectious Diseases During Mass Gathering

University of the Future: Re-Imagining Research and Higher Education ◽

10.29117/quarfe.2020.0138 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Susu Zughaier

Keyword(s):

Infectious Diseases ◽

Seasonal Influenza ◽

Vaccine Coverage ◽

Coverage Rate ◽

Mass Gathering ◽

World Cup ◽

High Coverage ◽

Mass Gatherings ◽

The World ◽

Coverage Rates

Background: Vaccines are the most cost-effective intervention in public health as they prevent the spread of highly contagious infectious diseases. Because of vaccine implementation and high coverage, Measles was eradicated in 2000, however the recent reappearance of measles in the United States, Europe and globally is alarming. The resurgence of Measles, Diphtheria and Mumps is due to a reduction in vaccine coverage and herd immunity. Vaccine hesitant parents, antivaxxers, and fake news on vaccines are driving the surge in those infectious diseases. The World Health Organization issued the Global Vaccine and Immunization Action Plan to reiterate the importance of vaccine implementation and coverage for several vaccine-preventable infectious diseases in the world. Qatar is preparing for the upcoming FIFA World Cup 2022 therefore maintaining high vaccine coverage, which is critical in preventing infectious diseases spreading during such mass gathering. Methods: Literature search for vaccine coverage rates, resurgence of vaccine preventable infectious diseases and risks of mass gatherings. Results: Seventeen infectious diseases are currently vaccine-preventable. The cost-effectiveness of vaccine is documented as it is estimated for each dollar spent on vaccines, 10 dollars are saved in disease treatment. A drop in vaccine coverage rates to under 90% lead to the resurgence of measles. Vaccine coverage rate in Qatar is currently at 95% which is one of the highest in the world. Qatar must maintain this high coverage rate to prevent any measles outbreaks during mass gatherings. The planned World Cup event will take place from November 21 till December 18 2022, which is the peak for seasonal influenza. In preparedness for this major event, Qatar should encourage residents and visitors to be vaccinated not just against measles and seasonal influenza, but also hepatitis and meningitis. Conclusion: Maintaining 95% vaccine coverage rate is critical for preventing the resurgence of vaccine-preventable infectious diseases during the World Cup mass gathering in Qatar.

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Do income inequality and social capital associate with measles-containing vaccine coverage rate?

Vaccine ◽

10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.10.055 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 30 (52) ◽

pp. 7481-7488 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Kei Nagaoka ◽

Takeo Fujiwara ◽

Jun Ito

Keyword(s):

Social Capital ◽

Income Inequality ◽

Vaccine Coverage ◽

Coverage Rate

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Rotavirus Vaccine Coverage Rate Rose to 72% Nationwide

Pediatric News ◽

10.1016/s0031-398x(10)70397-0 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 44 (9) ◽

pp. 12

Author(s):

DOUG BRUNK

Keyword(s):

Vaccine Coverage ◽

Coverage Rate ◽

Rotavirus Vaccine

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Influenza Vaccine Coverage Rate and Related Factors on Pregnant Women

Infection and Chemotherapy ◽

10.3947/ic.2009.41.6.349 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 41 (6) ◽

pp. 349 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Mi-Jung Kim ◽

Seung-Youn Lee ◽

Kwang-Soo Lee ◽

Aerum Kim ◽

Dongwook Son ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Influenza Vaccine ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Vaccine Coverage ◽

Coverage Rate ◽

Related Factors

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Impact of Media Coverage on Influenza Vaccine Coverage in Elderly Individuals from 2020 to 2021 in the Republic of Korea

Vaccines ◽

10.3390/vaccines9040367 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 367

Author(s):

Yunhyung Kwon ◽

Young June Choe ◽

Jae-Won Yun ◽

Hee Kyoung Kim ◽

Sungnam Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Influenza Vaccine ◽

Vaccination Coverage ◽

Media Coverage ◽

Vaccine Coverage ◽

Vaccine Safety ◽

Coverage Rate ◽

Vaccination Programs ◽

Safety Issues ◽

Vaccination Coverage Rate ◽

Rate Ratios

Increased awareness of adverse events following immunization (AEFI) can disrupt vaccination programs. In South Korea, a report of alleged influenza vaccine-related deaths attracted significant media attention in 2020. We retrieved the vaccination coverage and AEFI data to determine their association with media coverage. Between 2015 and 2019, the vaccination coverage rate ranged between 80.5% and 83.3%; however, the vaccination coverage rate declined significantly from 2020 to 2021 to 73.6% (p < 0.0001). During the 43rd week of 2020, following a large amount of media coverage on vaccine safety issues, the number of cases with AEFI reached 60. Between 2015 and 2020, the mortality rate ratios for influenza vaccines and non-vaccines ranged between 0.1296 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.1262–0.1331, p < 0.0001) and 0.1608 (95% CI, 0.1572–0.1644, p < 0.0001). Vaccine safety surveillance should be continued in conjunction with investigation and transparent risk communication to maintain public trust in vaccines and vaccinations.

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Coverage and Timeliness of Birth Dose Vaccination in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Vaccines ◽

10.3390/vaccines8020301 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 301

Author(s):

Oumar Bassoum ◽

Moe Kimura ◽

Anta Tal Dia ◽

Maud Lemoine ◽

Yusuke Shimakawa

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Vaccine Coverage ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Coverage Rate ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

World Health ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Birth Dose ◽

Sub Saharan ◽

Timely Administration

Background: Depending on the epidemiological context of each country, three vaccines are recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) to be administered as soon as possible after birth (birth vaccines); namely, BCG, zero dose of oral polio vaccine (OPV0), and birth dose of hepatitis B vaccine (HepB-BD). The timely administration of these vaccines immediately after birth might pose significant challenges in sub-Saharan Africa, where about half of childbirths occur outside health facilities. We therefore conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate the coverage rate of these vaccines at a specific timing in neonates in sub-Saharan Africa. Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, and Web of Science for studies conducted in sub-Saharan Africa and published up to March 31, 2017, which provided a coverage rate of the birth vaccines at any specific time points within 28 days after birth. Two investigators independently screened the titles and abstracts and extracted data from the eligible full-text articles. This study was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42017071269). Results: Of 7283 articles identified, we finally included 31 studies with 204,111 infants in the meta-analysis. The pooled coverage rates at day 0–1 after birth were 14.2% (95% CI: 10.1–18.9) for BCG and 1.3% (0.0–4.5) for HepB-BD. No data were available for OPV0 at day 0–1. The coverage at day 28 was 71.7% (63.7–79.2) for BCG, 60.8% (45.8–74.7) for HepB-BD, and 76.1% (67.1–84.0) for OPV0. No significant difference in the vaccine coverage was observed between infants born in healthcare facilities and those born outside facilities. Conclusions: The rates of vaccine coverage immediately after birth were very low for BCG and HepB-BD, and no data for OPV0. We need additional data to better define barriers and facilitators for the timely administration of the birth vaccines in sub-Saharan Africa, since the delay in its provision may increase the burden of these vaccine-preventable diseases.

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