scholarly journals Culture shapes preschoolers’ emotion recognition but not emotion comprehension: a cross-cultural study in Germany and Singapore

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corina Möller ◽  
Rebecca Bull ◽  
Gisa Aschersleben
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Recognition ◽  
Emotion Socialization ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Recognition Task ◽  
Emotion Understanding ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Growing Up ◽  
Facial Stimuli ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Specific Emotion

AbstractContemporary approaches suggest that emotions are shaped by culture. Children growing up in different cultures experience culture-specific emotion socialization practices. As a result, children growing up in Western societies (e.g., US or UK) rely on explicit, semantic information, whereas children from East Asian cultures (e.g., China or Japan) are more sensitive towards implicit, contextual cues when confronted with others’ emotions. The aim of the present study was to investigate two aspects of preschoolers’ emotion understanding (emotion recognition and emotion comprehension) in a cross-cultural setting. To this end, Singaporean and German preschoolers were tested with an emotion recognition task employing European-American and East Asian child’s faces and the Test of Emotion Comprehension (TEC; Pons et al., 2004). In total, 129 German and Singaporean preschoolers (mean age 5.34 years) participated. Results indicate that preschoolers were able to recognize emotions of child’s faces above chance level. In line with previous findings, Singaporean preschoolers were more accurate in recognizing emotions from facial stimuli compared to German preschoolers. Accordingly, Singaporean preschoolers outperformed German preschoolers in the Recognition component of the TEC. The overall performance in TEC did not differ between the two samples. Findings of this study provide further evidence that emotion understanding is culturally shaped in accordance with culture-specific emotion socialization practices.

scholarly journals Cross-cultural emotion recognition in adults and children

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Belle Nicole Reyes
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Recognition ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Recognition Task ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cultural Identification ◽  
Cultural Groups ◽  
Cross Cultural Differences ◽  
Cultural Exposure ◽  
Adults And Children

The current studies investigated cross-cultural emotion recognition in South Asian and Caucasian Canadian adults and children. The two main goals of the current research were to disentangle the effects of culture and race on cross-cultural emotion recognition and to chart the development of cross-cultural differences in emotion recognition. Both adults and children completed an emotion recognition task, viewing faces of four different racial/cultural groups (South Asian Canadians and immigrants, Caucasian Canadian and immigrants). Adults completed a cultural identification task with these four racial/cultural groups and a contact questionnaire that assessed their exposure to Caucasian and South Asian individuals. Findings revealed that Caucasian and South Asian Canadian adults showed cross-cultural differences in emotion recognition; however, children did not. Furthermore, adults were able to identify the cultural background of Caucasian and South Asian faces at above-chance levels. Finally, results indicated that higher levels of cross-cultural exposure were related to improved cross-cultural emotion recognition for Caucasian adults only.

scholarly journals Cross-cultural emotion recognition in adults and children

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Belle Nicole Reyes
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Recognition ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Recognition Task ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cultural Identification ◽  
Cultural Groups ◽  
Cross Cultural Differences ◽  
Cultural Exposure ◽  
Adults And Children

The current studies investigated cross-cultural emotion recognition in South Asian and Caucasian Canadian adults and children. The two main goals of the current research were to disentangle the effects of culture and race on cross-cultural emotion recognition and to chart the development of cross-cultural differences in emotion recognition. Both adults and children completed an emotion recognition task, viewing faces of four different racial/cultural groups (South Asian Canadians and immigrants, Caucasian Canadian and immigrants). Adults completed a cultural identification task with these four racial/cultural groups and a contact questionnaire that assessed their exposure to Caucasian and South Asian individuals. Findings revealed that Caucasian and South Asian Canadian adults showed cross-cultural differences in emotion recognition; however, children did not. Furthermore, adults were able to identify the cultural background of Caucasian and South Asian faces at above-chance levels. Finally, results indicated that higher levels of cross-cultural exposure were related to improved cross-cultural emotion recognition for Caucasian adults only.

scholarly journals The intensity of emotion: Altered motor simulation impairs processing of facial expressions in congenital facial palsy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arianna Schiano Lomoriello ◽  
Giulio Caperna ◽  
Elisa De Stefani ◽  
Pier Francesco Ferrari ◽  
Paola Sessa
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Recognition ◽  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Recognition Task ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Emotional Understanding ◽  
Moebius Syndrome ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Facial Mimicry ◽  
Specific Emotion ◽  
Sensorimotor Systems

According to the models of sensorimotor simulation, we recognize others' emotions by subtly mimicking their expressions, which allows us to feel the corresponding emotion via facial feedback. In this contest, facial mimicry, which requires the implicit activation of the motor programs that produce a specific expression, is a crucial phenomenon occurring in emotion recognition, also concerning expression intensity. Consequently, difficulties to produce facial expressions would affect the experience of emotional understanding. In the present investigation, we recruited a sample (N = 11) of patients with Moebius syndrome (MBS), characterized by congenital facial paralysis, and a control group (N = 11) of healthy participants. By leveraging the MBS unique condition, we aimed at investigating the role of facial mimicry and sensorimotor simulation in creating a precise embodied concept of each emotion. The two groups underwent a sensitive facial emotion recognition task, optimally tuned to test sensitivity to emotion intensity and emotion discriminability in terms of their confusability with other emotions. Our study provides evidence of a deficit in recognizing emotions in MBS patients, expressed by a significant decrease in the rating of the intensity of three specific emotion categories, namely sadness, fear and disgust. Moreover, we observed an impairment in detecting these emotions, resulting in a stronger confusability of such emotions with the neutral and the secondary blended emotion. These findings provide support for embodied theories, which hypothesize that sensorimotor systems are involved in the detection and discrimination of emotions.

scholarly journals The intensity of emotion: Altered motor simulation impairs processing of facial expressions in congenital facial palsy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arianna Schiano Lomoriello ◽  
Paola Sessa ◽  
Giulio Caperna ◽  
Pier Francesco Ferrari
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Recognition ◽  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Recognition Task ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Emotional Understanding ◽  
Moebius Syndrome ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Facial Mimicry ◽  
Specific Emotion ◽  
Sensorimotor Systems

According to the models of sensorimotor simulation, we recognize others' emotions by subtly mimicking their expressions, which allows us to feel the corresponding emotion via facial feedback. In this contest, facial mimicry, which requires the implicit activation of the motor programs that produce a specific expression, is a crucial phenomenon occurring in emotion recognition, also concerning expression intensity. Consequently, difficulties to produce facial expressions would affect the experience of emotional understanding. In the present investigation, we recruited a sample (N = 11) of patients with Moebius syndrome (MBS), characterized by congenital facial paralysis, and a control group (N = 11) of healthy participants. By leveraging the MBS unique condition, we aimed at investigating the role of facial mimicry and sensorimotor simulation in creating a precise embodied concept of each emotion. The two groups underwent a sensitive facial emotion recognition task, optimally tuned to test sensitivity to emotion intensity and emotion discriminability in terms of their confusability with other emotions. Our study provides evidence of a deficit in recognizing emotions in MBS patients, expressed by a significant decrease in the rating of the intensity of three specific emotion categories, namely sadness, fear and disgust. Moreover, we observed an impairment in detecting these emotions, resulting in a stronger confusability of such emotions with the neutral and the secondary blended emotion. These findings provide support for embodied theories, which hypothesize that sensorimotor systems are involved in the detection and discrimination of emotions.

Towards a New Approach to Cross-Cultural Distinctiveness and Typicality of Human Faces: The Cross-Group Typicality/Distinctiveness Metric

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karel Kleisner ◽  
Šimon Pokorný ◽  
Selahattin Adil Saribay
Keyword(s):  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Facial Appearance ◽  
Alternative Measure ◽  
Home Culture ◽  
Facial Stimuli ◽  
The Two Cultures ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Human Faces ◽  
Ingroup Outgroup

In present research, we took advantage of geometric morphometrics to propose a data-driven method for estimating the individual degree of facial typicality/distinctiveness for cross-cultural (and other cross-group) comparisons. Looking like a stranger in one’s home culture may be somewhat stressful. The same facial appearance, however, might become advantageous within an outgroup population. To address this fit between facial appearance and cultural setting, we propose a simple measure of distinctiveness/typicality based on position of an individual along the axis connecting the facial averages of two populations under comparison. The more distant a face is from its ingroup population mean towards the outgroup mean the more distinct it is (vis-à-vis the ingroup) and the more it resembles the outgroup standards. We compared this new measure with an alternative measure based on distance from outgroup mean. The new measure showed stronger association with rated facial distinctiveness than distance from outgroup mean. Subsequently, we manipulated facial stimuli to reflect different levels of ingroup-outgroup distinctiveness and tested them in one of the target cultures. Perceivers were able to successfully distinguish outgroup from ingroup faces in a two-alternative forced-choice task. There was also some evidence that this task was harder when the two faces were closer along the axis connecting the facial averages from the two cultures. Future directions and potential applications of our proposed approach are discussed.

scholarly journals Lighting for pedestrians: Does multi-tasking affect the performance of typical pedestrian tasks?

2021 ◽  
pp. 147715352110026
Author(s):  
Y Mao ◽  
S Fotios
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Recognition ◽  
Recognition Task ◽  
Obstacle Detection ◽  
Detection Task ◽  
Facial Emotion Recognition ◽  
Facial Emotion ◽  
Impaired Performance ◽  
Lighting Conditions ◽  
Multiple Tasks ◽  
Visual Tasks

Obstacle detection and facial emotion recognition are two critical visual tasks for pedestrians. In previous studies, the effect of changes in lighting was tested for these as individual tasks, where the task to be performed next in a sequence was known. In natural situations, a pedestrian is required to attend to multiple tasks, perhaps simultaneously, or at least does not know which of several possible tasks would next require their attention. This multi-tasking might impair performance on any one task and affect evaluation of optimal lighting conditions. In two experiments, obstacle detection and facial emotion recognition tasks were performed in parallel under different illuminances. Comparison of these results with previous studies, where these same tasks were performed individually, suggests that multi-tasking impaired performance on the peripheral detection task but not the on-axis facial emotion recognition task.

Neurobehavioral correlates of impaired emotion recognition in pediatric PTSD

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Sara A. Heyn ◽  
Collin Schmit ◽  
Taylor J. Keding ◽  
Richard Wolf ◽  
Ryan J. Herringa
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Recognition ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Recognition Task ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Biological Mechanisms ◽  
Impaired Ability ◽  
Multimethod Approach ◽  
Threat Recognition ◽  
Neurological Substrates

Abstract Despite broad evidence suggesting that adversity-exposed youth experience an impaired ability to recognize emotion in others, the underlying biological mechanisms remains elusive. This study uses a multimethod approach to target the neurological substrates of this phenomenon in a well-phenotyped sample of youth meeting diagnostic criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Twenty-one PTSD-afflicted youth and 23 typically developing (TD) controls completed clinical interview schedules, an emotion recognition task with eye-tracking, and an implicit emotion processing task during functional magnetic resonance imaging )fMRI). PTSD was associated with decreased accuracy in identification of angry, disgust, and neutral faces as compared to TD youth. Of note, these impairments occurred despite the normal deployment of visual attention in youth with PTSD relative to TD youth. Correlation with a related fMRI task revealed a group by accuracy interaction for amygdala–hippocampus functional connectivity (FC) for angry expressions, where TD youth showed a positive relationship between anger accuracy and amygdala–hippocampus FC; this relationship was reversed in youth with PTSD. These findings are a novel characterization of impaired threat recognition within a well-phenotyped population of severe pediatric PTSD. Further, the differential amygdala–hippocampus FC identified in youth with PTSD may imply aberrant efficiency of emotional contextualization circuits.

The subjective components of happiness and their attainment: a cross-cultural comparison between Italy and Cuba

2006 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 601-630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dario Galati ◽  
Mayra Manzano ◽  
Igor Sotgiu
Keyword(s):  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Questionnaire Study ◽  
Cultural Comparison ◽  
Cultural Characteristics ◽  
Cross Cultural Comparison ◽  
Two Samples

This study aims to identify the subjective components of happiness and to analyze their degree of attainment in two countries, Italy and Cuba, characterized by very different cultural and socio-economic structures. Two hundred and sixty-five subjects participated in a questionnaire study: 133 from Italy and 132 from Cuba. Respondents were asked to think of happiness and to write down at least 5 components that made them feel happy. A measure of overall happiness was also obtained by asking subjects to rate to what extent they had attained each component in their life. The analysis of responses provided by the two samples yielded the identification of 21 cross-culturally shared happiness components, which referred to individual interests, relational interests and values. The most relevant components in each group were health, family, love and money. Italian and Cuban subjects differed in the frequency of citation of some happiness components (e.g. money, work, partner) and in the degree of attainment of them. Overall, Cubans perceived themselves as happier than Italians. Findings are discussed in relation to the socio-economic and cultural characteristics of the Italian and Cuban contexts.

scholarly journals State-dependent alteration in face emotion recognition in depression

2011 ◽  
Vol 198 (4) ◽  
pp. 302-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian M. Anderson ◽  
Clare Shippen ◽  
Gabriella Juhasz ◽  
Diana Chase ◽  
Emma Thomas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Recognition ◽  
Emotional Processing ◽  
Recognition Task ◽  
Control Group ◽  
State Dependent ◽  
Depressed Group ◽  
History Of ◽  
Remitted Depression ◽  
Face Emotion Recognition ◽  
History Of Depression

BackgroundNegative biases in emotional processing are well recognised in people who are currently depressed but are less well described in those with a history of depression, where such biases may contribute to vulnerability to relapse.AimsTo compare accuracy, discrimination and bias in face emotion recognition in those with current and remitted depression.MethodThe sample comprised a control group (n = 101), a currently depressed group (n = 30) and a remitted depression group (n = 99). Participants provided valid data after receiving a computerised face emotion recognition task following standardised assessment of diagnosis and mood symptoms.ResultsIn the control group women were more accurate in recognising emotions than men owing to greater discrimination. Among participants with depression, those in remission correctly identified more emotions than controls owing to increased response bias, whereas those currently depressed recognised fewer emotions owing to decreased discrimination. These effects were most marked for anger, fear and sadness but there was no significant emotion × group interaction, and a similar pattern tended to be seen for happiness although not for surprise or disgust. These differences were confined to participants who were antidepressant-free, with those taking antidepressants having similar results to the control group.ConclusionsAbnormalities in face emotion recognition differ between people with current depression and those in remission. Reduced discrimination in depressed participants may reflect withdrawal from the emotions of others, whereas the increased bias in those with a history of depression could contribute to vulnerability to relapse. The normal face emotion recognition seen in those taking medication may relate to the known effects of antidepressants on emotional processing and could contribute to their ability to protect against depressive relapse.

scholarly journals Contradictions in Counter-Intuitive Beliefs and Naïve Dialecticism

2004 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 373-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alain Samson
Keyword(s):  
Cross Cultural Psychology ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Cultural Psychology ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cognitive Anthropology ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Role Of Religion

AbstractIn an article aimed at complementing Boyer and Sperber's (relatively structural) views of counter-intuitive concepts and their robustness in the religious domain, Franks (2003) has recently drawn attention to the fact that the tolerance of such conflict or contradiction appears to be less domain-specific in some cultures, such as those found in East Asia. This paper follows up on this important point by highlighting the similarities and differences of the tolerance for contradictions evident in East Asian 'naïve dialecticism' and nonnatural religious representations. It is argued that, despite their dissimilarity with respect to the content represented, both types of tolerances may be structurally similar. Both could also be anchored in intuition, albeit in qualitatively different ways. Given the general tolerance of psychological contradiction among persons of East Asian cultures and the potential role of religion, the question whether there is a place for the study of 'tolerance of contradiction' in cross-cultural psychology and cognitive anthropology is raised.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document