Modelling potentially suitable lac cultivation zones of Butea monosperma to promote livelihood security in rural India

Surveys were conducted in 28 districts of Bihar for occurrence of natural population of lac insect; Kerria lacca Kerr (Hemiptera, Tachardiidae), and abundance of its host plant. Naturally occurring lac insect was observed in 18 districts in varied proportion mostly on Ficus religiosa, Ficus benghalensis and rarely on Ziziphus mauritiana and Butea monosperma. Majority of insects were found dead but at few places good live population were noticed. Natural occurrence of lac insect was found highly vulnerable to human interventions, high temperature and parasitoids and predators. Out of 17 districts of south Bihar, falling under zone III, 10 districts were found rich in naturally surviving lac insect. Lac insects in scattered manner were also observed in many districts of Northern Bihar but occurrence and population densities were very low. Survey revealed the abundance of lac host and natural population of lac insects in various districts of zone III (58%) of Bihar. These findings could open a new window for introduction lac cultivation in these areas for livelihood support to resource poor farmers, especially during off-agricultural season.

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Convergence of Assets under MGNREGS: Case from Amritsar District of Punjab

IRA-International Journal of Management & Social Sciences (ISSN 2455-2267) ◽

10.21013/jmss.v9.v1.p2 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 8

Author(s):

Shankar Chatterjee

Keyword(s):

Social Protection ◽

Rural India ◽

Inclusive Growth ◽

Mahatma Gandhi ◽

Livelihood Security ◽

Rural Employment ◽

Right To Work ◽

The Right ◽

Employment Guarantee ◽

Employment Guarantee Scheme

Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) is a historic rural development Act aims to guarantee the 'right to work' through passing an Act in the Parliament. The Act while in implementation is known as Scheme so it is known as Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGS). MGNREGA/MGNREGS is a powerful instrument for ensuring inclusive growth in rural India through its impact on social protection, livelihood security and democratic empowerment. In this note, a case where convergence of assets was initiated is presented from Dalam panchayat, Harshe Chinna block of Amritsar district. The study was carried out during first week of August 2017 by visiting the area.

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Profit Enhancement of Rice-based Production System through Lac Enterprise

Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology ◽

10.9734/cjast/2019/v38i630423 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

Kiran Kumari ◽

A. K. Jaiswal

Keyword(s):

Production System ◽

Upland Rice ◽

Agricultural Crop ◽

Butea Monosperma ◽

Net Return ◽

For Profit ◽

Schleichera Oleosa ◽

Zizyphus Mauritiana ◽

Lac Cultivation ◽

System Inclusion

Jharkhand agriculture a rainfed one characterized with ninety percent cultivable area monocropped with rice only. On one hand there is need to enhance productivity of agricultural crop, other hand priority should be given for profit enhancement. Lac is a major source of rural livelihood in Jharkhand. Major lac host species like Butea monosperma (palash), Zizyphus mauritiana (ber) and Schleichera oleosa (kusum)are available in plenty in forest as well as on own gravel upland which is otherwise not under cultivation and are wasteland. Diversifying the existing agriculture system through inclusion o lac not only enhances the profit margin of the production system but also developed entrepreneurial behavior of the main actor of the system. In this background lac cultivation interventions was introduced in rice based monocropping system. Inclusion of Lac on abandoned tree of Butea monosperma and Zizyphus mauritiana fetch good economic return to the farm families with net return of Rs. 25090 per hectare and Rs. 7480/ha respectively from kusumi lac on and rangeeni lac, whereas in upland rice net return was only Rs. 3804/ha. The benefit per rupee of investment is lowest in case of growing only rice with Rs. 2.08 and maximum benefit was Rs. 5.14 in case of lac on ber. Lac cultivation on different host trees were compaered and it was found that benefit per rupee of investment were Rs. 3.59, 4.83, and 2.41. and 2.08 respectively in rice with lac cultivation of rangeeni on palash, rice with kusumi lac on ber, rice with lac on palash and ber in alternate season and cultivation of only rice crop. Organizing Lac cooperative and input bank at kisan club proved a pivot in better management of produce and ensuring local availability of brood lac.

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Impact of biotic and abiotic factors on lac production and peoples’ livelihood improvement in India-An overview

Journal of Applied and Natural Science ◽

10.31018/jans.v10i3.1761 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 894-904

Author(s):

S Sarvade ◽

R K Panse ◽

S K Rajak ◽

V B Upadhyay

Keyword(s):

Abiotic Factors ◽

Madhya Pradesh ◽

Control Measures ◽

Ziziphus Mauritiana ◽

Butea Monosperma ◽

Eublemma Amabilis ◽

Pseudohypatopa Pulverea ◽

Schleichera Oleosa ◽

Lac Cultivation ◽

June July

In India, Madhya Pradesh is the third largest lac producing state after Chhattisgarh and Jharkhand, as they contribute 12, 16 and 60%, respectively in total countryâ€™s lac production. Lac is produced in ten out of eleven agro-climatic zones of Madhya Pradesh. In total lac production of the state, Baisakhi (Butea monosperma, inoculated in October-November) crop contributes 76% followed by 19% by Katki (Butea monosperma, inoculated in June-July), 3% by Aghani (Schleichera oleosa, inoculated in June-July) and 2% by Jethwi (Schleichera oleosa, inoculated in January-February). Ranchi was leading lac producing district followed by Simdega, Gumla, Khunti of Jharkhand and Seoni district of Madhya Pradesh. Increasing summer temperature up to 45 â°C, the countryâ€™s lac production was declined from 20,050 tons in 2003-04 to 16978 tons in 2014-15. In case of biotic factors, Tachardiaephagus tachardiae and Tetrastichus purpureus are the most abundant lac associated parasites and Eublemma amabilis and Pseudohypatopa pulverea are the most destructive key predators of lac insects. By combating these hindrances, lac cultivation generated an employment for 16-160 man days. Lac cultivation produces maximum gross return (Rs. 9,77,600) from 100 Kusum host plants, and the highest Benefit-Cost (6.80) ratio was recorded for Ber-kusumi (Ziziphus mauritiana- Schleichera oleosa) crop in Ranchi, Jharkhand. In this context, the study finds out obstacles in lac production of India and suggests some control measures to improve lac producing peoplesâ€™ livelihood.

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