Trigeminal responses to thermal stimulation of the oral cavity in rattlesnakes (Crotalus viridis) before and after bilateral anesthetization of the facial pit organs

1987 ◽  
Vol 400 (2) ◽  
pp. 365-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. David Dickman ◽  
Joel S. Colton ◽  
David Chiszar ◽  
Carol A. Colton
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Thermal Stimulation ◽  
Crotalus Viridis ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Stimulation Of

Antiparasitic Treatment of Patients with P. falciparum Malaria Reduces the Ability of Patient Serum to Induce Tissue Factor by Decreasing NF-κB Activation

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (01) ◽  
pp. 039-048 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Bierhaus ◽  
Ch J Hemmer ◽  
N Mackman ◽  
R Kutob ◽  
R Ziegler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Factor ◽  
Falciparum Malaria ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Neutralizing Antibody ◽  
Mobility Shift ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Tf Gene ◽  
Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assays ◽  
Antiparasitic Treatment ◽  
Stimulation Of

SummarySerum from patients with P. falciparum malaria at day 1 (pretherapy) induces tissue factor (TF) in cultured endothelial cells. TF induction depends on de novo transcription as shown in Nuclear Run On assays. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays demonstrated binding of AP-1 and NF- κB/Rel proteins to their recognition sites in the TF promotor. After therapy (day 28), stimulation of TF antigen by patient serum is reduced by 70%. When serum obtained before and after therapy was compared, a decrease of NF-κB activation was evident. Activation of NF-κB-like proteins was in part dependent on TNFα in patient serum, since a TNFα neutralizing antibody reduced induction of TF transcription and translation and induction of NF-κB-like proteins. Induction of TF activity was suppressed by pDTC, an inhibitor of NF-κB activation. When different promotor constructs of the TF gene were tested, induction was dependent upon the presence of the intact NF-κB-like binding site in the TF promotor. A mutant with deleted NF-κB, but intact AP-1 sites was not inducible. Mutation of the AP-1 sites did not prevent induction, but reduced inducibility by pretherapy serum. Therefore, NF-κB/Rel proteins are responsible for induction of TF transcription by pretherapy serum, but AP-1 is needed for highest inducibility. The effect of antiparasitic therapy on the induction of TF by serum from patients with complicated P. falciparum malaria is dependent on a therapy-mediated loss of activation of NF-κB-like proteins in post-treatment patient serum.

A new approach to treatment of stomatitis in experiments on white rats (experimental research)

2018 ◽  
pp. 168-173
Author(s):  
Е.Б. Ганина ◽  
Ю.В. Червинец ◽  
Н.В. Грудинин ◽  
В.Г. Шестакова ◽  
В.М. Червинец ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Experimental Research ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Intact Rats

Цель исследования - охарактеризовать микробиологическую картину стоматита до и после его лечения высокоактивными культурами лактобацилл, дать оценку эффективности их применения при экспериментальном стоматите. Методика. Опыты проводились на 32 самках беспородных белых крыс массой 230 г. Моделирование стоматита включало 2 этапа: моделирование травматического стоматита и воспроизведение бактериального стоматита на базе травматического. У крыс контрольной и опытных серий на всех этапах эксперимента брали мазки с поверхности десен для характеристики микробиоценоза ротовой полости. Результаты. После обработки слизистой оболочки полости рта (СОПР) культурой патогенного штамма Staphylococcus aureus существенно снизились частота встречаемости и количество условно-патогенных микроорганизмов. Лечение стоматита у крыс культурами лактобацилл ( Lactobacillus 11 зв., Lactobacillus 2 п.рта, Lactobacillus 24 д.ст.) и их комбинацией приводило к снижению распространенности S. aureus вплоть до его исчезновения, а также к нормализации количества условно-патогенной микробиоты. Заключение. Исследования показали эффективность использования отдельных высокоактивных штаммов лактобацилл или их комбинации при лечении заболеваний СОПР, в частности бактериального стоматита. Aim. To characterize the microbiological picture of stomatitis in intact rats before and after the treatment with highly active cultured lactobacilli and to evaluate the effectiveness of this treatment in experiments on white rats. Methods. Experiments were carried out on 32 mongrel female white rats weighing 230 g. Smears were taken from the gum surface of control and experimental rats at all stages of the experiment to characterize the oral cavity microbiocenosis. Results. After treatment of the oral cavity with cultured Staphylococcus aureus , the occurrence and quantity of opportunistic microorganisms significantly decreased. The treatment of stomatitis in rats with cultured lactobacillus ( Lactobacillus 11 zv., Lactobacillus 2 p.r., Lactobacillus 24 d.st. and their combination) led to a decrease in S. aureus prevalence up to its extinction and to normalization of the quantitative composition of opportunistic microbiota. Conclusions. The study showed the effieacy of highly active lactobacillus strains individually or their combinations in the treatment of oral diseases, in particular, bacterial stomatitis.

The role of probiotics in correction of microbiocenosis and cytokine balance of the oral cavity of patient with chronic inflammatory disease of periodont

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 323-330
Author(s):  
E. S. Ovcharenko ◽  
V. V. Erichev ◽  
S. I. Risovannij ◽  
T. V. Aksenova ◽  
S. V. Melekhov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Treatment Protocol ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Oral Microbiome ◽  
Comprehensive Treatment ◽  
Local Immunity ◽  
Treatment Techniques ◽  
Before And After

Relevance. A long-term inflammation in the oral cavity, unreasonable treatment of periodontal patients with antibiotics cause imbalance between certain types of fungal-bacterial associations accompanied by oral dysbiosis and change of local immune status. So, development and application of new comprehensive diagnosis and treatment techniques in periodontal patients, use of products for correction of microbiota and local immunity are a current and a long-term task. Purpose is to optimize the comprehensive treatment protocol of inflammatory periodontal diseases by introducing probiotics and evaluation of oral microbiome and cytokine profile.Materials and methods. 140 patients were examined. Of these 60 patients had chronic generalized plaque-induced gingivitis and 60 patients suffered from moderate chronic generalized periodontitis. Bacterial and fungal microbiome was assessed and the host immune response was evaluated in all patients before and after the treatment. Half of the patients were treated conventionally and the other half were treated according to a modified scheme: probiotic “Bifidumbacterin Forte” was added.Results. A large number of yeast-like fungi Candida and commensal bacteria were detected in periodontal pockets of patients with chronic generalized plaque-induced gingivitis and moderate chronic generalized periodontitis. That correlates with a significant increase of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL—8), decrease of concentration of INF-γ and increase of antiinflammatory cytokine IL-4.Conclusion. Changes in clinical, microbiological and immunological values during a modified combination therapy with a probiotic and during a conventional treatment demonstrated that effectiveness of treatment of chronic gingivitis and chronic periodontitis increased by 40% and 37% respectively.

Non-Thermal Stimulation of Three-Level Impurities by Phonons

1976 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 507-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Michel ◽  
M. Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stimulation ◽  
Stimulation Of

Cross-talk along gastrointestinal tract during electrical stimulation: effects and mechanisms of gastric/colonic stimulation on rectal tone in dogs

2005 ◽  
Vol 288 (6) ◽  
pp. G1195-G1198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shi Liu ◽  
Lijie Wang ◽  
J. D. Z. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Adrenergic Blockade ◽  
Rectal Compliance ◽  
Rectal Tone ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Sensory Functions ◽  
Sympathetic Pathway ◽  
Colonic Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Stimulation Of

Gastric electrical stimulation (GES) has been shown to alter motor and sensory functions of the stomach. However, its effects on other organs of the gut have rarely been investigated. The study was performed in 12 dogs implanted with two pairs of electrodes, one on the serosa of the stomach and the other on the colon. The study was composed of two experiments. Experiment 1 was designed to study the effects of GES on rectal tone and compliance in nine dogs compared with colonic electrical stimulation (CES). Rectal tone and compliance were assessed before and after GES or CES. Experiment 2 was performed to study the involvement of sympathetic pathway in 8 of the 12 dogs. The rectal tone was recorded for 30–40 min at baseline and 20 min after intravenous guanethidine. GES or CES was given for 20 min 20 min after the initiation of the infusion. It was found that both GES and CES reduced rectal tone with comparable potency. Rectal compliance was altered neither with GES, nor with CES. The inhibitory effect of GES but not CES on rectal tone was abolished by an adrenergic blockade, guanethidine. GES inhibited rectal tone with a comparable potency with CES but did not alter rectal compliance. The inhibitory effect of GES on rectal tone is mediated by the sympathetic pathway. It should be noted that electrical stimulation of one organ of the gut may have a beneficial or adverse effect on another organ of the gut.

Optical and Thermal Stimulation of Reactions in α-A12O3 Containing V3+, V4+, Co3+, and Co2+

1980 ◽  
Vol 99 (1) ◽  
pp. 377-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. Delbecq ◽  
S. A. Marshall ◽  
P. H. Yuster
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stimulation ◽  
Stimulation Of

Effects of pharyngeal lubrication on the opening of obstructed upper airway

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (6) ◽  
pp. 2311-2316 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Miki ◽  
W. Hida ◽  
Y. Kikuchi ◽  
T. Chonan ◽  
M. Satoh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hypoglossal Nerve ◽  
Muscle Tone ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Intraluminal Pressure ◽  
Lower Airway ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Airway Opening ◽  
Cervical Trachea ◽  
Artificial Surfactant ◽  
Stimulation Of

We examined the effect of electrical stimulation of the hypoglossal nerve and pharyngeal lubrication with artificial surfactant (Surfactant T-A) on the opening of obstructed upper airway in nine anesthetized supine dogs. The upper airway was isolated from the lower airway by transecting the cervical trachea. Upper airway obstruction was induced by applying constant negative pressures (5, 10, 20, and 30 cmH2O) on the rostral cut end of the trachea. Peripheral cut ends of the hypoglossal nerves were electrically stimulated by square-wave pulses at various frequencies from 10 to 30 Hz (0.2-ms duration, 5–7 V), and the critical stimulating frequency necessary for opening the obstructed upper airway was measured at each driving pressure before and after pharyngeal lubrication with artificial surfactant. The critical stimulation frequency for upper airway opening significantly increased as upper airway pressure became more negative and significantly decreased with lubrication of the upper airway. These findings suggest that greater muscle tone of the genioglossus is needed to open the occluded upper airway with larger negative intraluminal pressure and that lubrication of the pharyngeal mucosa with artificial surfactant facilitates reopening of the upper airway.

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