The role of probiotics in correction of microbiocenosis and cytokine balance of the oral cavity of patient with chronic inflammatory disease of periodont

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 323-330
Author(s):  
E. S. Ovcharenko ◽  
V. V. Erichev ◽  
S. I. Risovannij ◽  
T. V. Aksenova ◽  
S. V. Melekhov ◽  
...  

Relevance. A long-term inflammation in the oral cavity, unreasonable treatment of periodontal patients with antibiotics cause imbalance between certain types of fungal-bacterial associations accompanied by oral dysbiosis and change of local immune status. So, development and application of new comprehensive diagnosis and treatment techniques in periodontal patients, use of products for correction of microbiota and local immunity are a current and a long-term task. Purpose is to optimize the comprehensive treatment protocol of inflammatory periodontal diseases by introducing probiotics and evaluation of oral microbiome and cytokine profile.Materials and methods. 140 patients were examined. Of these 60 patients had chronic generalized plaque-induced gingivitis and 60 patients suffered from moderate chronic generalized periodontitis. Bacterial and fungal microbiome was assessed and the host immune response was evaluated in all patients before and after the treatment. Half of the patients were treated conventionally and the other half were treated according to a modified scheme: probiotic “Bifidumbacterin Forte” was added.Results. A large number of yeast-like fungi Candida and commensal bacteria were detected in periodontal pockets of patients with chronic generalized plaque-induced gingivitis and moderate chronic generalized periodontitis. That correlates with a significant increase of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL—8), decrease of concentration of INF-γ and increase of antiinflammatory cytokine IL-4.Conclusion. Changes in clinical, microbiological and immunological values during a modified combination therapy with a probiotic and during a conventional treatment demonstrated that effectiveness of treatment of chronic gingivitis and chronic periodontitis increased by 40% and 37% respectively.

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hitoshi Nakanishi ◽  
Masaru Furuya ◽  
Takehisa Soma ◽  
Yoshiki Hayashiuchi ◽  
Ryusaku Yoshiuchi ◽  
...  

Objectives Feline gingivostomatitis (FGS) is a painful chronic inflammatory disease of the oral cavity. The purpose of this study was to examine the frequency of detection of certain common feline bacteria and viruses to determine any potential associations with FGS. Methods A multicentre case-control study design was conducted. In total, 72 control cats and 32 cats with FGS were included in the study. Oral swabs were cultured for bacterial identification and a PCR assay was carried out to examine the infection of feline calicivirus (FCV), feline herpesvirus-1 (FHV-1), Chlamydia felis, Mycoplasma felis and Bordetella bronchiseptica. Results There was a significant difference in age distribution between the control and the FGS group. Based on a PCR assay, the positive rate of FCV was significantly higher in FGS cats than control animals. For other infectious pathogens, including FHV-1, C felis and M felis, there was no significant difference. Bacterial culture of oral swabs revealed that Pasteurella multocida was most frequently detected, but the detection rate was significantly lower in FGS cats. In FGS cats, the incidence of Enterococcus faecalis and anaerobic bacteria were more frequently isolated than in control cats. Conclusions and relevance This study indicates that the positive rate of FCV was significantly higher in cats with FGS, and the microflora of the oral cavity of cats with FGS might be disrupted, although additional studies are required to compare the oral microbiome in cats of a variety of ages.


2017 ◽  
Vol 98 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-194
Author(s):  
F R Safaraliev ◽  
A M Safarov ◽  
F Yu Mamedov

Aim. Evaluation of dental diseases prevalence in professional athletes engaged in power sports and of the influence of biologically neutral products based on propolis on the level of their dental health. Methods. The examination of organs and tissues of the oral cavity of professional athletes engaged for a long time in power sports was carried out. With the use of the developed specialized questionnaire dental status of the athletes was determined. Based on the analysis of the results of clinical and laboratory studies anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial effectiveness of products based on propolis were evaluated. Results. The results of the survey showed that not all athletes are informed about the possibility of aggravation of pathological processes in soft and hard tissues of oral cavity during active training, mainly, in power sports. Lack of awareness of surveyed athletes about the need for timely individual oral hygiene procedures and regular dentist visits was revealed, especially during intense training before and after competitions. On evaluation of dental status of professional combat athletes high prevalence and intensity of inflammatory periodontal disease and caries were found. High anti-inflammatory efficiency of the product «Pomegranate Balm» for correction of dental status of professional athletes was proven. Conclusion. High incidence of inflammatory periodontal diseases of mild to moderate severity was revealed in athletes during prolonged and intense physical training; efficacy of biologically neutral products based on propolis was established.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dean Malik ◽  
Aadhar Sharma ◽  
Chinmay Gupte

Abstract Background Meniscal tears in the paediatric population represent a significant challenge. Improved sensitivity of diagnostic imaging and increased intensity of organised sport among children is in part responsible for an increased incidence of injuries identified. While rare, these injuries have a significant impact on a patient’s future and necessitate timely and meticulous repair. Methods Adhering to PRISMA guidelines, MEDLINE, Embase and Cochrane databases will be interrogated from inception to November 2019. All primary clinical studies in which paediatric meniscal injuries are treated will be identified and included. Treatment techniques will be grouped according to surgical technique and a further analysis of any papers concomitantly repair anterior cruciate ligaments will also be analysed to identify any superiority. A qualitative synthesis will at first be attempted with further quantitative analysis should heterogeneity of studies allow it. Discussion Paediatric meniscal injuries provide a dilemma for even the most experience surgeon, with no consensus on a preferred treatment option. Outcomes are often poor and can have long-term effects with early onset of osteoarthritis and limitation of future function. As such, this review will be pivotal in identifying the different treatment options being employed for meniscal repair in a paediatric population, if there is any superiority in a given treatment choice and moving towards identified a standard treatment protocol.


2021 ◽  
Vol p5 (02) ◽  
pp. 2750-2755
Author(s):  
Sharayu Kachole ◽  
Niranjan Rao ◽  
Padmakiran C

Duchenne’s Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) is the most common x-linked disorder in children presenting in early childhood due to recessive mutation of the dystrophin gene. It is characterized by progressive weak-ness in hip and shoulder girdle muscles beginning by age 5. Although there is no absolute cure for DMD, therapies can delay the onset or slow down the progression of disease. Survival beyond the age of 30 years is rare due to the severe chronic complication involving multiple systems. Serum Creatine Phosphokinase (CPK) level determination is the most specific objective parameter for the diagnosis and assessment of se-verity of Muscular Dystrophy (MD). Based on the presentation of DMD, it can be diagnosed as Mamsavru-ta Vatal leading to Mamsa Dhatu Upashoshana which is the consequence of Beejabhagavikruti. There will be continuous destruction of Dhatu leading to Vataprakopa again. Hence, the line of management is con-trolling the Vata and preventing the destruction. The best treatment for it which has this dual action is Mat-ra Basti. With this basic concept, a male child of 10 years diagnosed as Mamsavruta Vata was treated with Matra Basti using Dhanwantara Taila 10 ml/day for about 9 months. As there was associated Sama Do-shavastha, Agnichikitsa Lepa was advised for 7 days initially. The treatment showed significant reduction in the level of CPK tested before and after the treatment. Hence, the treatment protocol followed can be taken up for further research and can prove with evidence that, it can be effectively practiced in the man-agement of DMD. The long-term benefit, improvement in disease, quality of life can be accessed through the research with long term follow-ups.


2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 5-11
Author(s):  
E. I Solod ◽  
A. F Lazarev ◽  
R. A Petrovskiy ◽  
A. V Ananin ◽  
D. A Abdulkhabirov ◽  
...  

Purpose of study: determine the optimal approach to the treatment of patients with pelvic fractures against a background of low bone mass. Patients and methods. During the period from 2017 to 2018, 64 patients were treated (average age 78±7.4 years) with fragility pelvic ring injuries. Fractures according to AO/OTA classification A2 - 5 (7.8%), B1 - 18 (28.1%), B2 - 28 (43.7%), B3 - 8 (12.5%), C1 - 3 (4.6%), C2 - 2 (3.1%). Long-term results were evaluated after 6 and 12 months, according to the Majeed scale and the «Timed up & go» test. Results. Intrahospital mortality was 7 (10.9%) people. The annual mortality rate was 31.2%. Results after a year were monitored in 44 patients. Good results in 40 patients, 3 satisfactory, 1 poor result. The previous level of activity was restored by 30 (68.1%) of 44 patients. Conclusion. The treatment of elderly patients with pelvic fractures on the background of osteoporosis should be multidisciplinary with the appointment of postoperative rehabilitation in specialized hospitals, comprehensive treatment of osteoporosis and therapist’s supervision to compensate for premorbid background. The decision on the final fixation of the pelvis should take into account the nature of the fracture, the degree of its stability, the level of patient activity before and after the injury, the degree of compensation of the general condition, the severity of osteoporosis.


2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (7) ◽  
pp. 422-427
Author(s):  
N. V. Davidovich ◽  
N. V. Solovieva ◽  
A. S. Galieva ◽  
S. Yu. Lepeshkin ◽  
E. N. Bashilova ◽  
...  

The system of antimicrobial peptides (AMP) is one of the most ancient mechanisms of the macroorganism resistance to infectious pathogens invasion. The aim of the study was to determine the role of the antimicrobial peptides system and periodontal pathogenic markers in the development and progression of inflammatory periodontal diseases. Gingival pocket washes (91 samples in total) for the research were received from patients with inflammatory periodontal diseases (chronic periodontitis and gingivitis) and intact periodontium. Using ELISA, the content of antimicrobial peptides was determined: human alpha-defensin (HNP 1-3), beta-defensin (HBD 1-3) and cathelicidin (LL-37). Periodontal pathogenic markers were isolated during RT-PCR. The study revealed differences in AMP concentrations by groups: level of HBD 2 in patients with chronic periodontitis was 1,36 times higher than those in the group of patients with chronic gingivitis (p=0,023) and 2,39 times higher than those in the control group (p<0,001), the content of HNP 1-3 in the group of patients with chronic periodontitis was reduced by 1,23 times compared with the indicators of the group of patients with gingivitis (p=0,045) and by 1,97 times compared with the indicators of the control group (p<0,001). The frequency of detection of periodontal pathogenic bacteria genes was 88,0% in patients with periodontitis, 76,92% in patients with gingivitis and 33,3% in the group with intact periodontium. HBD 2 content moderately correlated with the definition of P. gingivalis (r=0,612; p=0,022), T. forsythensis (r= 0,434; p=0,015), A. actinomycetemcomitans (r=0,483; p=0,006), a moderate negative correlation was detected between the content of HNP 1-3 and the release of periodontal pathogens in associations (P. gingivalis with T. forsythensis and T. denticola) (r=-0,388; p=0,031) in the group of patients with chronic periodontitis. Thus, the revealed relationships and correlations indicate shifts in the processes of reparative regeneration of the oral cavity and the regulation of local immunity in response to microbial invasion.


2021 ◽  
pp. 24-37
Author(s):  
Z. S. Khabadze ◽  
Y. A. Generalova ◽  
V. S. Shubaeva ◽  
S. M. Abdulkerimova ◽  
Y. A. Bakaev ◽  
...  

The purpose of this review article is to analyze the current data on the use of antiseptics in the treatment of periodontitis, development of resistance of periodontopathogens to antiseptic agents using the example of chlorhexidine, cetylpyridinium chloride and hexetidine. Periodontal pathogens are an integral part of the commensal microflora of the oral cavity, but under certain conditions and under the influence of etiological factors, their number begins to progressively grow, which increases the risk of initiation of periodontal diseases through the formation of aggressive biofilm on the teeth.Materials and methods. Тhe study of publications was produced in the electronic databases such as PubMed and Google Scholar in the course of a systematic review of the literature. Included articles contain information about antiseptic agents which are chlorhexidine, cetylpyridinium chloride and hexetidine, as well as their effect on periodontopathogens and the possibility of developing resistance in them against these antiseptics.Results. 127 articles were viewed during the review. After analyzing the literature for inclusion criteria, the total number of publications has become 94.Conclusions. Аccording to the analyzed data, we have found that antiseptic treatment of the oral cavity and lesions in periodontitis is an integral part of the treatment of this inflammatory disease, as an addition to the mechanical treatment protocol. Chlorhexidine in local forms of delivery has shown particular activity against periodontopathogens. 


2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (98) ◽  
pp. 57-62
Author(s):  
N. M. Khomyn ◽  
A. R. Mysak ◽  
S. V. Tsisinska ◽  
V. V. Pritsak ◽  
N. V. Nazaruk ◽  
...  

It is known that periodontal diseases are a significant part of dental diseases in dogs. Chronic generalized periodontitis deserves the most attention. The disease develops slowly, beginning without visible clinical signs, but later, a combination of certain favorable etiological factors can lead to the loss of the animal's teeth, indigestion, metabolism with serious consequences for the dog. Therefore, the search of the features of the disease and the development of tactics for effective treatment of periodontally ill animals is relevant for modern veterinary dentistry. The aim of the work was to study the features of the course of chronic generalized periodontitis in remission in dogs and to develop tactics for rational treatment of periodontally ill animals. For the study, two groups of animals with chronic generalized periodontitis were formed in remission with 5 dogs in each (control and experimental), selected on the principle of analogues in terms of age and nature of the pathological process. Searches have shown that in chronic generalized periodontitis in remission in dogs there is an increase in the number of pathogenic microflora in the biotopes of the oral cavity, increasing the activity of acid phosphatase, increasing the protein concentration by reducing the content of lysozyme in the oral fluid. It was found that the dogs of the experimental group, after removal of tartar and rehabilitation of the oral cavity, were treated by using to the gums of ceftriaxone, diluted in 1% lidocaine hydrochloride solution in combination with 30 % dimexid solution 1 time per day for 7 days, anfluron injecteed intramuscularly at the rate of 1 ml 1 time per day for 7 days and caforsen – 0.1 ml/kg per day for 4 weeks. The treatment contributed to the recovery of dogs for 10 days, which is 8 days faster than in the control group.


2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Issa Doumbia ◽  
Fomba Seydou ◽  
Koné Diakalia ◽  
Issam Bennis

Abstract Background Intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in pregnancy (IPTp) is a comprehensive treatment protocol of anti-malarial drugs administered to pregnant women to prevent malaria, started at the fourth pregnancy month, with at least three doses of sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine (SP), taken as directly observed treatment (DOT) every 30 days at intervals until childbirth, in combination with other preventive measures. This paper introduces feasibility and adoption concepts as implementation research outcomes (IRO), allowing after a defined intervention, to assess the coverage improvement by IPTp for women attending a reference district hospital in Mali. Specifically, the purpose is to evaluate the feasibility of a reminder tool (provider checklist) to enhance pregnant women’s adoption of information about IPTp-SP uptake as immediate and sustained women practices. Methods The implementation strategy used a reminder checklist about malaria knowledge and the recommended preventive tools. Then, the checklist feasibility was assessed during routine practices with the adoption-level about pregnant women’ knowledge. Quantitative data were collected through a questionnaire distributed to a non-probability purposive sampling targeting 200 pregnant women divided into two groups before and after the checklist intervention. In contrast, the qualitative data were based on in-depth face-to-face gynaecologists’ interviews. Results Both the IROs (feasibility and adoption) were satisfactory. The gynaecologists agreed to the use of this checklist during routine practice with a recommendation to generalize it to other health providers. After a gynaecologist visit, a significant increase of the adoption-level about prior knowledge and preventive tools was noticed. A total of 83% of participants were not knowledgeable about malaria disease before checklist use versus 15% after. Similarly, coverage of women’s SP DOT rose from 0 to 59% after introducing the checklist and the IPTp-SP uptake after the visit was highly significant in the second group. The latter reached 95% of pregnant women with 4–8 months’ gestational age, that mostly respected all SP future visits as theoretically scheduled. Conclusions Generalizing such a checklist reminder will improve women’s knowledge about malaria prevention.


Author(s):  
Наталия Владимировна Чиркова ◽  
Алена Алексеевна Плутахина ◽  
Алик Эдикович Петросян ◽  
Елена Анатольевна Андреева ◽  
Марина Николаевна Бобешко

Лечение заболеваний пародонта представляет собой одну из наиболее сложных и важных проблем современной стоматологии, актуальность которой обусловлена высокой частотой воспалительных заболеваний пародонта среди населения во всех возрастных группах - до 90% в популяции. Несмотря на прогрессивное развитие медицинской науки и практики, заболеваемость данной патологией сохраняется на высоком уровне не только в группах населения среднего и пожилого возраста, но при этом выявляется тенденция к ее распространению в молодом возрасте. Исследования, проведенные ВОЗ более, чем в 30 странах, выявили высокую распространенность заболеваний пародонта (свыше 60%) среди пациентов возрасте от 18 до 30 лет. Наиболее частой формой поражения околозубных тканей в молодом возрасте является хронический гингивит по классификации СКБ-10 К 05.1. Нерегулярность профилактики и эпизодические обращения к врачу-пародонтологу для лечения заболеваний пародонтита утяжеляют течение заболевания, которое при отсутствии лечения прогрессирует. В связи с этим, от пациента требуется неоднократное прохождение курсов лечения у врача-пародонтолога и выполнение в домашних условиях профилактических мероприятий по рекомендации врача. Однако установлено, что степень комплаентности пациентов молодого возраста к стоматологическому лечению недостаточно высокая, а кратность обращения к врачу-пародонтологу в 62% ограничивается выраженной стоматофобией. Известно, что развитие пародонтита является результатом дисбаланса между микрофлорой полости рта и иммунной защитой организма. Иммунологические изменения при хроническом катаральном гингивите связаны с нарушением взаимодействия факторов неспецифической резистентности организма, изменением клеточного и гуморального иммунитета и подавлением системы местного иммунитета. Поэтому с целью ликвидации воспаления применяют различные иммунокорректоры и антибактериальные средства (антисептики, антибиотики, фитопрепараты). Однако в последнее время появились формы пародонтита, обусловленные нетипичными инфекционными агентами (вирусами, грибами), либо резистентные к антибактериальной терапии. В результате нерационального применения антимикробных препаратов, которые негативно воздействуют на представителей облигатной микрофлоры полости рта, они еще больше снижают местные факторы антибактериальной защиты. Альтернативой антибактериальной терапии при заболеваниях пародонта являются различные методы биотерапевтического воздействия, предполагающие местное и системное применение пробиотиков, фаговых препаратов и других средств. Вместе с тем, такие исследования в отечественной стоматологии единичные, как и исследования по повышению степени соответствия между поведением пациента и рекомендациями, полученными от врача Treatment of periodontal diseases is one of the most difficult and important problems of modern dentistry, the relevance of which is due to the high frequency of inflammatory periodontal diseases among the population in all age groups - up to 90% in the population. Despite the progressive development of medical science and practice, the incidence of this pathology remains at a high level not only in middle-aged and elderly population groups, but at the same time a tendency towards its spread at a young age is revealed. Studies conducted by WHO in more than 30 countries have revealed a high prevalence of periodontal disease (over 60%) among patients aged 18 to 30 years. The most common form of damage to the periodontal tissues at a young age is chronic gingivitis according to the SKB-10 K 05.1 classification. Irregular prophylaxis and occasional visits to a periodontist for the treatment of periodontitis complicate the course of the disease, which progresses in the absence of treatment. In this regard, the patient is required to undergo repeated courses of treatment with a periodontist and to perform preventive measures at home on the recommendation of a doctor. However, it was found that the degree of compliance of young patients to dental treatment is not high enough, and the frequency of visits to a periodontist in 62% is limited by pronounced stomatophobia. It is known that the development of periodontitis is the result of an imbalance between the microflora of the oral cavity and the body's immune defenses. Immunological changes in chronic catarrhal gingivitis are associated with a violation of the interaction of factors of nonspecific resistance of the organism, changes in cellular and humoral immunity and suppression of the local immunity system. Therefore, in order to eliminate inflammation, various immunocorrectors and antibacterial agents (antiseptics, antibiotics, herbal medicines) are used. However, recently there have been forms of periodontitis caused by atypical infectious agents (viruses, fungi), or resistant to antibiotic therapy. As a result of the irrational use of antimicrobial drugs, which negatively affect the representatives of the obligate microflora of the oral cavity, they further reduce the local factors of antibacterial protection. An alternative to antibiotic therapy for periodontal diseases are various methods of biotherapeutic action, involving the local and systemic use of probiotics, phage preparations and other agents. At the same time, such studies in domestic dentistry are rare, as well as studies to improve the degree of correspondence between the patient's behavior and the recommendations received from the doctor


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