In vitro production of large osteoclasts by calf serum

1970 ◽  
Vol 62 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 483-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Liskova ◽  
P. Jean
Keyword(s):  
Calf Serum ◽  
In Vitro Production ◽  
Vitro Production

scholarly journals Fetal calf serum enhances in vitro production of Bos taurus indicus embryos

2011 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 429-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.G. Leivas ◽  
D.S. Brum ◽  
S.S. Fialho ◽  
W.P. Saliba ◽  
M.T.T. Alvim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fetal Calf Serum ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Calf Serum ◽  
In Vitro Production ◽  
Bos Taurus Indicus ◽  
Vitro Production

221 EFFECT OF STAGE OF CORPUS LUTEUM DEVELOPMENT ON THE IN VITRO PRODUCTION OF BOVINE EMBRYOS

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 209
Author(s):  
S. Miyashita ◽  
K. Miyata ◽  
C. Tachibana ◽  
Y. Inaba ◽  
H. Koyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Calf Serum ◽  
Cumulus Cells ◽  
Large Mass ◽  
Bovine Embryos ◽  
In Vitro Production ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Vitro Production

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of stage of corpus luteum (CL) development on the in vitro production of bovine embryos. Ovaries were classified according to the expected day of the oestrous cycle based on the morphology of the ovaries. Ovaries with a corpus hemorrhagicum and the remnant of the follicular lumen filled with blood were considered the early luteal stage (Days 2 to 4; Day 0 = day of ovulation, n = 46). Ovaries with a large mass of orange tissue in the CL were classified as the midluteal stage (Days 7 to 10, n = 42). Cumulus–oocyte complexes (COC) were collected by aspiration of 2- to 6-mm follicles. The COC were classified into the following grades: COC with >3 compact layers of cumulus cells and evenly granulated cytoplasm were classified into Grade 1; COC with >3 layers cumulus cells and evenly granulated cytoplasm were classified into Grade 2; COC with partially remaining cumulus cells and abnormal cytoplasm were classified into Grade 3; COC without cumulus cells or those with expanded cumulus cells were classified into Grades 4 and 5, respectively. Grades 1 and 2 COC were in vitro matured for 20 h in TCM-199 supplemented with 5% calf serum and 0.02 mg mL–1 of FSH at 38.5°C under an atmosphere of 5% CO2 in air. Matured COC were inseminated with 5 × 106 sperm for 18 h. Presumptive zygotes were cultured in CR1aa medium supplemented with 5% calf serum at 38.5°C under an atmosphere of 5% O2, 5% CO2, and 90% N2 for 9 days (fertilization = Day 0). The mean number of COC and the proportion of COC classified as Grades 1 and 2 were analysed by ANOVA. Cleavage rates on Day 3 and blastocyst rates on Days 7 to 9 were analysed by a chi-square test. The mean number of recovered oocytes in the early luteal stage (18.7 ± 9.5) was significantly higher (P < 0.05) than the number in the midluteal stage (12.2 ± 5.7). The proportion of Grades 1 and 2 oocytes in the early luteal stage [66.7% (531/789)] was significantly higher (P < 0.01) than that in the midluteal stage [51.6% (252/484)]. The cleavage and blastocyst rates in the early luteal stage [60.9% (181/297) and 32.7% (97/297), respectively] were significantly higher (P < 0.05) than those in the midluteal stage [50.7% (76/150) and 20.7% (31/150) respectively].The present study suggests that the stage of development of the CL in bovine ovaries influences the number of recovered oocytes per ovary and the development of in vitro production of bovine embryos.

232 ADDITION OF VERY LOW AMOUNTS OF SERUM (ESTRUS COW SERUM) IMPROVES IN VITRO EMBRYO PRODUCTION IN DAIRY CATTLE

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 205 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Mullaart ◽  
F. Dotinga ◽  
C. Ponsart ◽  
H. Knijn ◽  
J. Schouten
Keyword(s):  
Culture Medium ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Calf Serum ◽  
High Serum ◽  
In Vitro Production ◽  
Embryo Production ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Embryo Yield ◽  
Vitro Production

Improving the efficiency of the in vitro production (IVP) process is very important because it results in more embryos to be used in breeding programs or as commercial service. At CRV, a culture medium consisting of SOF with amino acids and BSA is used. In the past, richer culture media were used with 10% fetal calf serum combined with BRL cell co-culture. Although the efficiency of the IVP process of these media was good, these rather high serum concentrations were quite often related to large offspring syndrome (LOS). The switch to a culture system without serum resulted in a significant reduction in LOS but also in a reduction of embryo yield. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of adding low amounts of serum to the culture medium on efficiency of embryo production. Immature cumulus-oocyte complexes (COC) were recovered from ovaries 6 to 8 h upon slaughter. The COC were matured in vitro in TCM199/FCS/LH/FSH supplemented with cysteamine (0.1 mM). Subsequently, matured oocytes were fertilised with frozen-thawed gradient-separated semen and further cultured for 7 days in SOFaaBSA. The SOF medium contained either 0 (control), 0.1, 0.5, or 1.0% oestrus cow serum (ECS). Embryos development was scored at Day 7. Three replicates were performed and results were analysed by chi-square analyses. The results clearly show that adding ECS significantly improved embryo production (Table 1). Interestingly, already very low amounts (0.1%) of serum gave a significant increase in embryo percentage. In conclusion, addition of very low amounts of ECS (0.1%) is beneficial for embryo production, resulting in significantly higher embryo production (from 19 to 27%). In a subsequent field trial with OPU-derived embryos, the effect of addition of 0.1% ECS on birth weight (LOS) of the calves has to be investigated. Table 1.Percentage of blastocysts at Day 7 after culture in SOF medium with different amounts of serum

scholarly journals 31 Effect of fetal calf serum on production and cryotolerance of in vitro bovine embryos from Ecuadorian Creole heifers

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 141
Author(s):  
M. S. Méndez ◽  
M. E. Soria ◽  
L. R. Galarza ◽  
F. P. Perea ◽  
D. E. Argudo
Keyword(s):  
Calf Serum ◽  
Bovine Embryos ◽  
In Vitro Production ◽  
Sodium Pyruvate ◽  
Embryo Production ◽  
Maturation Medium ◽  
Fetal Bovine ◽  
And Control ◽  
Vitro Production

In the Ecuadorian Andes there is a Creole bovine biotype whose population is disappearing. In vitro embryo production and cryopreservation is an important biotechnology that allows the conservation of animals threatened with extinction. The objective of this study was to determine the in vitro production and cryopreservation of embryos from creole heifers raised in the highlands of Ecuador. Immature cumulus-oocyte complexes were retrieved by ovum pickup from 10 Creole heifers (OPU) and from abattoir ovaries (control). The experiment was completed within 8 replicates. Cumulus-oocyte complexes were cultured in a maturation medium (TCM-199 supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, 100µg mL−1 of sodium pyruvate, 0.75mg mL−1 of l-glutamine, 4µg mL−1 of FSH-p, 100µM cysteamine, and 250µg mL−1 of gentamicin) following IVF (SOF medium supplemented with 10µg mL−1 heparin) and in vitro culture (citrate SOF medium). After denudation (Day 1 after IVF), presumptive embryos from each oocyte source (OPU and control) were split into 2 groups: with (FCS+) and without (FCS−) FCS (2.5%), which was added on Day 5 after IVF. On Day 7, embryos were evaluated, and those with quality 1 were vitrified. After warming, embryo re-expansion at 2h and embryo re-expansion and hatching at 24 and 48h were evaluated. Data were analysed by logistic regression in SAS software (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA). Results of embryo rate at Day 7 and rates of vitrified, re-expanded, and hatched embryos are shown in Table 1. Regardless of the oocyte source, the addition of 2.5% FCS decreased embryo re-expansion at 2h and reduced embryo hatching at 48h in the OPU group. In conclusion, FCS did not improve embryo production and adversely affected the cryotolerance of embryos produced in vitro from Ecuadorian creole heifers. Table 1.Production and cryotolerance of in vitro bovine embryos

290 THE FACTORS ON RATES OF ABNORMALITY, DISEASE AND MORTALITY OF CALVES DERIVED FROM IN VITRO EMBRYOS OF KOREAN NATIVE CATTLE

2006 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 252
Author(s):  
Y.-S. Park ◽  
S.-S. Kim ◽  
M.-C. Park ◽  
H.-D. Park
Keyword(s):  
Calf Serum ◽  
Treatment Technique ◽  
In Vitro Production ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Offspring Number ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Native Cattle ◽  
Vitro Production ◽  
Delivery Type

In Korea, in vitro production and transfer of bovine embryos has advanced remarkably and applied commercially. However, in vitro-produced embryos result in lower pregnancy and higher abortion rates and in some cases increased rates of abnormality and mortality in calves. The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of various factors such as recipient parity, delivery season, offspring number, pregnancy period, delivery type, midwifery type, dystocia and vaccination, on the viability of calves derived from embryos produced in vitro. Korean Native Cow ovaries were obtained from local slaughterhouse and cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) were aspirated from 2 to 8 mm follicles. Selected COCs were matured in TCM-199 supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum (FBS), 1 �ML FSH, 10 �ML LH and 1 �ML Estradiol-17� for 20-22 h. In vitro-matured oocytes were fertilized using frozen-thawed percoll separated semen (Day 0) in fer-TALP medium for 20 h. The presumptive zygotes were cultured in CR1aa medium supplemented with 0.3% BSA (before Day 3) or 10%FBS (After Day 3). All types of cultures were made in an incubator at 38.5�, 5% CO2 in air. Statistical analysis was performed using the Chi-square test. Two blastocysts were transferred to the Holstein recipients (n = 1888). The parturition was occurred in total 755 recipients. There was no difference in the abnormality of calves among treatments. The incidence of disease was significantly higher in single calf than twin calves (18.4 vs. 6.7%), in multiparous than nulliparous group (40.0 vs. 9.9%), in eutocia than dystocia group (20.0 vs. 4.8%), in spring and winter groups than summer and autumn groups (20.3, 22.7 vs. 4.3, 0.0%), and in non-vaccinated than vaccinated group (22.7 vs. 1.6%), respectively (p < 0.05). The rate of mortality was significantly higher when transferred into nulliparous than multiparous (22.3 vs. 0.0%), when were dystocia than eutocia group (71.4 vs. 14.1%), when were non-midwifery than midwifery (45.0 vs. 13.6), when delayed midwifery than earlier midwifery (31.6 vs. 11.5%), and when were non-vaccinated than vaccinated group (28.0 vs. 9.8%), respectively (P < 0.05). The present study suggested that the viability of bovine calves derived from in vitro was affected by the recipient parity, parturition treatment technique and vaccination. This study was supported by the BIO-GREEN 21 PROGRAM.

298 THE INFLUENCE OF DISTINCT CENTRAL BULL STATIONS ON THE IN VITRO EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT OF NELORE BULLS

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 305
Author(s):  
A. Renzi ◽  
F. P. Elias ◽  
R. A. Vila ◽  
R. B. Lôbo
Keyword(s):  
Calf Serum ◽  
Cumulus Cells ◽  
In Vitro Production ◽  
Freezing And Thawing ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Frozen Semen ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Vitro Production ◽  
In Vitro Embryonic Development

Reproductive biotechnology is growing worldwide as one of the most important tools of cattle breeding because it accelerates the process of genetic improvement. Most of the embryos produced are obtained using frozen semen from different AI centers. During freezing and thawing of semen, the sperm can be damaged by the rapid and dramatic changes in the physicochemical conditions that occur during cooling and ice formation. It has previously been described that bad management of frozen semen can result in reduced fertilization. This study investigated the influence of different central bull stations on the development of in vitro-produced bovine embryos. We compared semen of 154 Nelore bulls, used for IVF, from 8 different central bull stations (all of which used the same cryopreservation protocol) in the development of blastocysts. The in vitro production of embryos was performed as described: oocytes were collected from the slaughterhouse and matured in TCM-199 + 10% fetal calf serum (FCS) +0.5 μg mL-1 FSH + 50 μg mL-1 LH+ 1 μg mL-1 estradiol, for 24 hat 38.5°C in 5%CO2 in atmospheric air. Viable spermatozoids were obtained by centrifugation in Percoll gradient (45 and 90%), and used for IVF in a concentration of 2 million spermatozoa per mL in TALP + 10 μg mL-1 of heparin medium. After 12 h, the presumptive zygotes were transferred to a CR2+ 10% FCS medium and co-cultured with cumulus cells. After 168 h of IVF, we evaluated the number and stage of cleaved embryos produced with the semen of each bull. Statistical analyses were performed by using the chi-square test. Our results suggest that there are differences among distinct central bull stations in the proportion of embryos that developed into blastocysts and the different stages they hatched. FAPESP, CNPq, PROEX, FAEPA.

scholarly journals Trans-vaginal oocyte retrieval and subsequent in vitro production of embryos from a cow involuntarily culled : case report

1999 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
D.G. Shaw ◽  
C.M. Bowles ◽  
K. Raja ◽  
A.W. Lishman
Keyword(s):  
Calf Serum ◽  
Oocyte Retrieval ◽  
Foetal Calf Serum ◽  
In Vitro Production ◽  
Commercial Company ◽  
Subsequent Birth ◽  
Morula Stage ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Vitro Production

A Holstein cow of high genetic merit, in late lactation (205 days) and diagnosed with salpingitis (after 4 infertile services and veterinary consultation), was subjected to 1 trans-vaginal oocyte collection attempt, prior to slaughter.Of an estimated 10 follicles punctured, a total of 4 cumulus-oocyte complexes were retrieved. These were matured in vitro in a maturation medium for 24 hours. After 24 hours maturation, the oocytes were fertilised in vitro with Percoll-processed frozen / thawed imported semen, of the owner's choice. Fertilisation was achieved in a modified Tyrode's medium. At 18 hours post-insemination, the presumptive zygotes were transferred into culture in vitro in Charles Rosenkran's aminoacid medium and supplemented on Day 4 post-insemination with 10 % foetal calf serum. All in vitro procedures were conducted in 50 mℓ medium droplets, under oil, in a humidified incubator at 38.5 oC in 5% CO2 in air. Three of the potential zygotes cleaved and, by Day 7 of culture, these had developed to the morula stage. The embryos were frozen in 1.5 M ethylene glycol and later transferred non-surgically to synchronised Holstein recipient heifers. One morula resulted in the only pregnancy and subsequent birth of a healthy heifer calf. An independent commercial company confirmed parentage through standard bloodtyping assays. The genetic salvage of oocytes, for in vitro production of embryos, has potential benefits to the producer.

scholarly journals In Vitro Production Of Goat Embryos In Bangladesh

1970 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
A Mondal ◽  
MAMY Khandoker ◽  
MA Mondal ◽  
AHMS Rahman ◽  
AS Apu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Culture Condition ◽  
In Vitro Maturation ◽  
Calf Serum ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
In Vitro Production ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Vitro Production

The present study was undertaken to collect the quality cumulus-oocyte-complexes (COCs) from ovaries of goat from slaughterhouse by aspiration to establish the suitable culture condition for in vitro maturation (IVM), in vitro fertilization (IVF) and in vitro culture (IVC). Follicular COCs were collected from follicles of 2-6 mm diameter, categorized by microscopic observation and cultured for 22 h in TCM-199 medium supplemented with 5% fetal calf serum (FCS) to determine the success rate of in vitro maturation in a condition of 5% CO2 in air at 38.5°C. The collected ovaries were classified as type-I (corpus luteum absent) and type-II (corpus luteum present). The average numbers of follicles aspirated per ovary were 3.15 and 2.57 in type-I and type-II, respectively. The collected COCs were classified into normal COCs (grade A and B) and abnormal COCs (grade C and D). The number of normal and abnormal COCs collected from two type of ovaries were significantly (P<0.01) differed. Average number of normal COCs per ovary obtained from type-I (1.30) was significantly (P<0.01) higher than that of type-II (0.68). Within the normal COCs significantly (P<0.01) higher maturation was obtained in grade A COCs (71.70%) than that of grade B (51.52%). The matured COCs were cultured for 5 h with fresh buck semen in Brackett and Oliphant (BO) medium and assumed that the COCs were fertilized successfully. In progress, IVC was practiced in TCM-199 supplemented with FCS and bovine serum albumen (BSA) at 38.5°C with 5% CO2 for 6-7 days. The rate of development to compact morula was found significantly (P<0.01) higher in grade A (25.64%) compared to grade B COCs (6.89%) and similar trend of blastocyst was found in grade A COCs (12.82%) than that of grade of B (3.45%). The results suggested that culture condition for IVM, IVF and IVC was found optimum and grade A COCs might be suitable for in vitro production (IVP) of goat embryos.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v37i1.9859 BJAS 2008; 37(1): 1-9

THE IN VITRO PRODUCTION OF ANDROGENS BY FOLLICULAR TISSUE OF RABBITS

1964 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 306-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denis Gospodarowicz
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Production ◽  
Vitro Production

ABSTRACT Incubation in vitro of rabbit follicles in separate experiments with dehydroepiandrosterone-14C (DHEA-14C), progesterone-14C and pregnenolone-3H in the presence of FSH gave the following results: 39 % of the radioactivity of DHEA-14C is converted to androstenedione and testosterone, while only 3 % of the radioactivity of either progesterone-14C or pregnenolone-3H is found in the androgen fraction. From the ratio of testosterone to androstenedione formed from the three precursors, the results are interpreted to mean that DHEA and pregnenolone, and not progesterone, are precursors of androgens in the follicle.

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