Effects of mammalian and avian gonadotropins on in vitro progesterone production by avian ovarian granulosa cells

1980 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin G. Scanes ◽  
John H. Fagioli
Keyword(s):  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
Ovarian Granulosa Cells ◽  
Progesterone Production

Daidzein affects steroidogenesis and oestrogen receptor expression in medium ovarian follicles of pigs

2013 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Nynca ◽  
Dominika Słonina ◽  
Olga Jablońska ◽  
Barbara Kamińska ◽  
Renata Ciereszko
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
Oestrogen Receptor ◽  
Receptor Expression ◽  
Progesterone Production ◽  
Progesterone Secretion ◽  
Mrna And Protein Expression ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Reproductive Processes

Daidzein, a phytoestrogen present in soybean products used in swine feed, has been demonstrated to affect both reproductive and endocrine functions. The aims of this study were to examine the in vitro effects of daidzein on (1) progesterone (P4) and oestradiol (E2) secretion by porcine luteinised granulosa cells harvested from medium follicles, and (2) the mRNA and protein expression of oestrogen receptors α and β (ERα and ERβ) in these cells. The influence of E2 on P4 secretion and ERα and ERβ expression in the granulosa cells of pigs was also investigated. It was found that daidzein inhibited progesterone secretion by luteinised granulosa cells isolated from medium follicles. In contrast, E2 did not affect progesterone production by these cells. Moreover, daidzein did not alter the granulosal secretion of E2. Both daidzein and E2 decreased mRNA expression of ERα in the cells examined. The expression of ERβ mRNA was not affected by daidzein but was inhibited by E2. ERα protein was not detected while ERβ protein was found in the nuclei of the cells. Daidzein and E2 upregulated the expression of ERβ protein in the cells. In summary, the phytoestrogen daidzein directly affected the porcine ovary by inhibiting progesterone production and increasing ERβ protein expression. Daidzein-induced changes in follicular steroidogenesis and granulosal sensitivity to oestrogens may disturb reproductive processes in pigs.

scholarly journals Pentachloronitrobenzene alters progesterone production and primordial follicle recruitment in cultured granulosa cells and rat ovary†

2019 ◽  
Vol 102 (2) ◽  
pp. 511-520
Author(s):  
Yanrong Kuai ◽  
Xiaobo Gao ◽  
Huixia Yang ◽  
Haiyan Luo ◽  
Yang Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Follicular Development ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Serum Progesterone ◽  
Primordial Follicles ◽  
Progesterone Production

Abstract Pentachloronitrobenzene (PCNB) is an organochlorine fungicide widely used for crop production and has become an environmental concern. Little is known about the effect of PCNB on ovarian steroidogenesis and follicular development. We found that PCNB stimulated Star expression and progesterone production in cultured rat granulosa cells in a dose-dependent manner. PCNB activated mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK3/1) extracellulat regulated kinase (ERK1/2), thus inhibition of either protein kinase A (PKA) or MAPK3/1 signaling pathway significantly attenuated progesterone biosynthesis caused by PCNB, suggesting that PCNB induced progesterone production by activating the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP/PKA) and MAPK3/1 signaling pathways. Further investigation demonstrated that PCNB induced Star expression and altered MAPK3/1 signaling in ovary tissues of immature SD rats treated with PCNB at the dose of 100, 200, or 300 mg/kg by daily gavage for 7 days, while serum progesterone level was dose-dependently decreased. We demonstrated that PCNB exposure accelerated the recruitment of primordial follicles into the growing follicle pool in ovary tissues, accompanied by increased levels of anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) in both ovary tissues and serum. Taken together, our data demonstrate for the first time that PCNB stimulated Star expression, altered MAPK3/1 signaling and progesterone production in vivo and in vitro, and accelerated follicular development with a concomitant increase in AMH in ovary tissues and serum. Our findings provide novel insight into the toxicity of PCNB to animal ovary function.

Tokishakuyakusan Stimulates Progesterone and Estradiol-17 β Production by Rat Granulosa Cells and Progesterone, Testosterone and Estradiol-17 β by the Residual Portion of the Follicle in Vitro

1991 ◽  
Vol 19 (02) ◽  
pp. 155-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoshi Usuki
Keyword(s):  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
Cell Level ◽  
Testosterone Production ◽  
Progesterone Production ◽  
Preovulatory Follicles ◽  
Immature Rats ◽  
Serum Gonadotropin ◽  
Tissue Compartments ◽  
Stimulation Of

To examine the possible effects of Tokishakuyakusan (TS) on steroidogenesis by preovulatory follicles at the cell level, the expressed granulosa cells and remaining portion of follicles from pregnant mare's serum gonadotropin (PMS)-treated immature rats were incubated in vitro with increasing concentrations of TS for 3 h. TS significantly stimulated progesterone and estradiol-17 b production, with a predominant stimulation of progesterone, by the expressed granulosa cells, while testosterone production was not stimulated. In the remaining portion of the follicle, TS also significantly stimulated progesterone, testosterone and estradiol-17 b production. Similar to the effect produced by granulosa cells, the stimulatory effect of TS was stronger on progesterone than on testosterone and estradiol-17 b production. These results suggest that TS has a potent, direct stimulatory effect on steroidogenesis, especially progesterone production, by constituent tissue compartments of rat preovulatory follicles in vitro.

scholarly journals MicroRNA-204-5p regulates apoptosis by targeting Bcl2 in rat ovarian granulosa cells exposed to cadmium†

2020 ◽  
Vol 103 (3) ◽  
pp. 608-619
Author(s):  
Ping Zhong ◽  
Jin Liu ◽  
Hong Li ◽  
Senbin Lin ◽  
Lingfeng Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Ovarian Granulosa Cells ◽  
Mrna And Protein Expression ◽  
Induced Apoptosis ◽  
Apoptosis Regulation

Abstract This study aimed to investigate whether cadmium (Cd) cytotoxicity in rat ovarian granulosa cells (OGCs) is mediated through apoptosis or autophagy and to determine the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in Cd cytotoxicity. To test this hypothesis, rat OGCs were exposed to 0, 10, and 20 μM CdCl2 in vitro. As the Cd concentration increased, OGC apoptosis increased. In addition, Cd promoted apoptosis by decreasing the mRNA and protein expression levels of inhibition of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl2). However, under our experimental conditions, no autophagic changes in rat OGCs were observed, and the mRNA and protein expression levels of the autophagic markers microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 alpha (Map1lc3b) and Beclin1 (Becn1) were not changed. Microarray chip analysis, miRNA screening, and bioinformatics approaches were used to further explore the roles of apoptosis regulation-related miRNAs. In total, 19 miRNAs putatively related to Cd-induced apoptosis in rat OGCs were identified. Notably, miR-204-5p, which may target Bcl2, was identified. Then, rat OGCs were cultured in vitro and used to construct the miR-204-5p-knockdown cell line LV2-short hairpin RNA (shRNA). LV2-shRNA cells were exposed to 20 μM Cd for 12 h, and the mRNA and protein expression levels of Bcl2 were increased. Our findings suggest that Cd is cytotoxic to rat OGCs, and mitochondrial apoptosis rather than autophagy mediates Cd-induced damage to OGCs. Cd also affects apoptosis-related miRNAs, and the underlying apoptotic mechanism may involve the Bcl2 gene.

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