Probable mineralogic control on the mantle metasomatic fluid composition beneath the Northeast Japan arc

1988 ◽  
Vol 52 (8) ◽  
pp. 2037-2046 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osamu Ujike
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Composition ◽  
Metasomatic Fluid ◽  
Northeast Japan Arc

scholarly journals Regional Intestinal Drug Absorption: Biopharmaceutics and Drug Formulation

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 272
Author(s):  
Arik Dahan ◽  
Isabel González-Álvarez
Keyword(s):  
Drug Absorption ◽  
Unmet Needs ◽  
Drug Formulation ◽  
Fluid Composition ◽  
Mucosal Cell ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Junction Resistance ◽  
Intestinal Drug Absorption ◽  
Carrier Mediated Transport ◽  
Mechanistic Basis

The gastrointestinal tract (GIT) can be broadly divided into several regions: the stomach, the small intestine (which is subdivided to duodenum, jejunum, and ileum), and the colon. The conditions and environment in each of these segments, and even within the segment, are dependent on many factors, e.g., the surrounding pH, fluid composition, transporters expression, metabolic enzymes activity, tight junction resistance, different morphology along the GIT, variable intestinal mucosal cell differentiation, changes in drug concentration (in cases of carrier-mediated transport), thickness and types of mucus, and resident microflora. Each of these variables, alone or in combination with others, can fundamentally alter the solubility/dissolution, the intestinal permeability, and the overall absorption of various drugs. This is the underlying mechanistic basis of regional-dependent intestinal drug absorption, which has led to many attempts to deliver drugs to specific regions throughout the GIT, aiming to optimize drug absorption, bioavailability, pharmacokinetics, and/or pharmacodynamics. In this Editorial we provide an overview of the Special Issue "Regional Intestinal Drug Absorption: Biopharmaceutics and Drug Formulation". The objective of this Special Issue is to highlight the current progress and to provide an overview of the latest developments in the field of regional-dependent intestinal drug absorption and delivery, as well as pointing out the unmet needs of the field.

REFERENCE VALUES OF NORMAL CEREBROSPINAL FLUID COMPOSITION IN INFANTS AGES 0 TO 8 WEEKS

1992 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 589-590 ◽  
Author(s):  
William A. Bonadio ◽  
Lynn Stanco ◽  
Robert Bruce ◽  
Darcy Barry ◽  
Douglas Smith
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Reference Values ◽  
Fluid Composition

The Petrogenetic Model, an Extension of Bowen's Petrogenetic Grid

1962 ◽  
Vol 99 (6) ◽  
pp. 558-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J. Wyllie
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Constant Pressure ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Pore Fluid ◽  
Fluid Composition ◽  
Solid Reaction ◽  
Petrogenetic Model ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Opposite Face ◽  
Reaction Surfaces

AbstractBowen's petrogenetic grid is a PT projection containing univariant curves for decarbonation, dehydration, and solid-solid reactions, with vapour pressure (Pf) equal to total pressure (Ps). Analysis of experimental data in the system MgO–CO2–H2O leads to an expansion of this grid. Three of the important variables in metamorphism when Pf = Ps are P, T, and variation of the pore fluid composition between H2O and CO2. These can be illustrated in a three-dimensional petrogenetic model; one face is a PT plane for reactions occurring with pure H2O, and the opposite face is a similar plane for reactions with pure CO2; these are separated by an axis for pore fluid composition varying between H2O and CO2. Superposition of the PT faces of the model provides the petrogenetic grid. The reactions within the model are represented by divariant surfaces, which may meet along univariant lines. For dissociation reactions, the surfaces curve towards lower temperatures as the proportion of non-reacting volatile increases, and solid-solid reaction surfaces are parallel to the vapour composition axis and perpendicular to the PT axes. The relative temperatures of reactions and the lines of intersections of the surfaces can be illustrated in isobaric sections. Isobaric sections are used to illustrate reactions proceeding at constant pressure with (1) pore fluid composition remaining constant during the reaction, with temperature increasing (2) pore fluid composition changing during the reaction, with temperature increasing, and (3) pore fluid changing composition at constant temperature. The petrogenetic model provides a convenient framework for a wide range of experimental data.

scholarly journals Clay Creep and Displacements: Influence of Pore Fluid Composition

2016 ◽  
Vol 158 ◽  
pp. 69-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dario M. Pontolillo ◽  
Jacopo De Rosa ◽  
Gianvito Scaringi ◽  
Caterina Di Maio
Keyword(s):  
Pore Fluid ◽  
Fluid Composition

Lumped Parameter Modeling of a Magnetorheological Fluid Clutch

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
John C. Ulicny ◽  
Daniel J. Klingenberg ◽  
Anthony L. Smith ◽  
Zongxuan Sun
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Magnetorheological Fluid ◽  
Input Current ◽  
Fluid Composition ◽  
Fluid Temperature ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Lumped Parameter ◽  
Lumped Parameter Modeling ◽  
Fan Speed

A lumped-parameter mathematical model of an automotive magnetorheological (MR) fluid fan clutch was developed. This model is able to describe the average fluid temperature, average clutch temperature, and output fan speed as a function of time, input current, and fluid composition. The model also reproduces numerous features of fan operation observed experimentally and revealed a mechanism for some observed cases of hysteresis. However, it fails to capture certain other features which lead us to conclude that phenomena which are not included in the model, e.g., sedimentation and re-suspension, are important to the clutch behavior. In addition, the results indicate that certain physical properties need to be measured over a larger temperature range in order for the model to better predict the clutch behavior.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document