Role of endocervical curettage in the diagnostic workup of preinvasive cervical lesions

: Cervical cancer (CC) is the fourth leading cancer in women in the age group 15-44 globally. Experimental as well as epidemiological studies identified that type16 and 18 HPV cause 70% of precancerous cervical lesions as well as cervical cancer worldwide by bringing about genetic as well as epigenetic changes in the host genome. The insertion of the HPV genome triggers various defense mechanisms including the silencing of tumor suppressor genes as well as activation of oncogenes associated with cancer metastatic pathway. E6 and E7 are small oncoproteins consisting of 150 and 100 amino acids respectively. These oncoproteins affect the regulation of the host cell cycle by interfering with p53 and pRb. Further these oncoproteins adversely affect the normal functions of the host cell by binding to their signaling proteins. Recent studies demonstrated that E6 and E7 oncoproteins are potential targets for CC. Therefore, this review discusses the role of E6 and E7 oncoproteins in metastasis and drug resistance as well as their regulation, early oncogene mediated signaling pathways. This review also uncovers the recent updates on molecular mechanisms of E6 and E7 mediated phytotherapy, gene therapy, immune therapy, and vaccine strategies as well as diagnosis through precision testing. Therefore, understanding the potential role of E6/E7 in metastasis and drug resistance along with targeted treatment, vaccine, and precision diagnostic strategies could be useful for the prevention and treatment of cervical cancer.

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Diagnostic Modalities of Precancerous and Cancerous Cervical Lesions with Special Emphasis on CD31 Angiogenesis Factor as a Marker

Pathology Research International ◽

10.1155/2013/243168 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Bandana Sharma ◽

Neetu Singh ◽

Neena Gupta ◽

Pavika Lal ◽

Shefali Pande ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Statistical Analysis ◽

Pap Smear ◽

Histopathological Examination ◽

Cervical Lesions ◽

Invasive Group ◽

Angiogenesis Factor ◽

Medical College ◽

Obstetrics And Gynaecology ◽

Diagnostic Modalities

Objectives. To evaluate the role of angiogenesis tumor marker CD31 in the detection of precancerous and cancerous cervical lesions and to compare its efficacy with colposcopy and histopathology. Materials and Methods. 230 patients with a suspicious looking cervix and an abnormal Pap smear attending the Outpatient Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of GSVM Medical College were subjected to a colposcopic examination. 180 patients with suspected colposcopic findings were subjected to a colposcopic directed biopsy. Biopsy tissues were sent for histopathological examination out of which 50 biopsied samples were sent for immunostaining of CD-31. Statistical analysis was done. Results. Comparison of microvessel density (MVD) count by haematoxylin and eosin staining (HE) and immunostaining of CD31 in preinvasive group were and , respectively, and in invasive group were and , respectively, which showed that MVD was higher by CD31 both in preinvasive and invasive group, and it was statistically significant. Conclusion. Angiogenesis is a marker of tumor progression, and CD31 fixes up vessel better as compared to HE, so aggressiveness of the tumor can be better predicted by MVD-CD31 as compared to MVD-HE.

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Ventricular arrhythmias in athletes: Role of a comprehensive diagnostic workup

Heart Rhythm ◽

10.1016/j.hrthm.2021.09.013 ◽

2021 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Antonio Dello Russo ◽

Paolo Compagnucci ◽

Michela Casella ◽

Alessio Gasperetti ◽

Stefania Riva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ventricular Arrhythmias ◽

Diagnostic Workup

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The role of genetics in the current diagnostic workup of idiopathic non‐histaminergic angioedema

Allergy ◽

10.1111/all.13667 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 74 (4) ◽

pp. 810-812 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Davide Firinu ◽

Stefania Loffredo ◽

Maria Bova ◽

Marco Cicardi ◽

Maurizio Margaglione ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diagnostic Workup

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Synchronous Thyroid Involvement in Plasma Cell Leukemia Masquerading as Hashimoto's Thyroiditis: Role of Ancillary Cytology Techniques in Diagnostic Workup

Endocrine Pathology ◽

10.1007/s12022-015-9392-5 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 26 (4) ◽

pp. 324-327 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ashwani Tandon ◽

T. Roshni Paul ◽

Rekha Singh ◽

A. M. V. R. Narendra

Keyword(s):

Plasma Cell ◽

Hashimoto’S Thyroiditis ◽

Diagnostic Workup ◽

Plasma Cell Leukemia ◽

Hashimoto's Thyroiditis ◽

Cell Leukemia

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FEATURES OF DENTINE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF INTACT TEETH AND TEETH WITH WEDGE-SHAPED DEFECTS

Wiadomości Lekarskie ◽

10.36740/wlek202108116 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 74 (8) ◽

pp. 1869-1875

Author(s):

Svitlana P. Yarova ◽

Iryna I. Zabolotna ◽

Olena S. Genzytska ◽

Andrii A. Komlev

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Chemical Elements ◽

Cervical Region ◽

Cervical Lesions ◽

X Ray ◽

Sodium Magnesium ◽

Calcium Phosphorus ◽

Cervical Area ◽

Focused Beam

The aim: Is to define dentine chemical composition of intact teeth and those with wedge-shaped defects followed by the analysis of revealed differences. Materials and methods: Longitudinal sections of 22 clinically removed teeth (12 – clinically intact ones, 10 – with wedge-shaped defects) from both jaws were studied in patients aged between 25-54 years. JSM-6490 LV focused beam electron microscope (scanning) with system of energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis INCA Penta FETх3 was used. The chemical composition of 148 dentine areas in the incisal region (tubercle), equator, cervical area has been determined as a percentage of the weight amounts of carbon, oxygen, calcium, phosphorus, sodium, magnesium, sulfur, chlorine, zinc, potassium, aluminum. Results: Dentine chemical composition of teeth with wedge-shaped defects differed from those of intact teeth by significantly lower content: sodium, chlorine and calcium – in the incisal region (tubercle); sodium, magnesium − at the equator; sodium, chlorine and calcium – in the cervical region (p≤0.05). In the sample groups with cervical pathology there was more sulfur and oxygen in the incisal region (tubercle), phosphorus and zinc – at the equator, carbon and potassium – in the cervical region (p≤0.05). Conclusions: Differences in the chemical composition of intact teeth and teeth with wedge-shaped defects, the presence of correlation between the studied chemical elements confirm the role of macro- and microelements in the pathogenesis of non-carious cervical lesions.

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Role of thymic ultrasonography in the diagnostic workup of infants with protein–energy malnutrition

Kasr Al Ainy Medical Journal ◽

10.4103/kamj.kamj_59_16 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

pp. 109

Author(s):

Mona El-Kalioubie ◽

WessamAbd El-Rahman El-Zayat ◽

Mariam Raafat

Keyword(s):

Protein Energy Malnutrition ◽

Diagnostic Workup ◽

Protein Energy

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Role of Nucleic Acid Amplification Tests (NAATs) in Tuberculous Pleural Effusion: Where It Fits In Routine Diagnostic Workup?

Journal of Cell Science & Therapy ◽

10.4172/2157-7013.1000169 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 05 (04) ◽

Author(s):

Halkanche Gajanan

Keyword(s):

Nucleic Acid ◽

Pleural Effusion ◽

Diagnostic Workup ◽

Nucleic Acid Amplification ◽

Tuberculous Pleural Effusion ◽

Nucleic Acid Amplification Tests

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Relationship between the Cervical Microbiome, HIV Status, and Precancerous Lesions

mBio ◽

10.1128/mbio.02785-18 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Cameron Klein ◽

Daniela Gonzalez ◽

Kandali Samwel ◽

Crispin Kahesa ◽

Julius Mwaiselage ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hiv Positive ◽

High Grade ◽

Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions ◽

Cervical Lesions ◽

Cervical Cancers ◽

Bacterial Microbiome ◽

Bacterial Richness ◽

Intraepithelial Lesions ◽

Hiv Negative

ABSTRACT Nearly all cervical cancers are causally associated with human papillomavirus (HPV). The burden of HPV-associated dysplasias in sub-Saharan Africa is influenced by HIV. To investigate the role of the bacterial microbiome in cervical dysplasia, cytobrush samples were collected directly from cervical lesions of 144 Tanzanian women. The V4 hypervariable region of the 16S rRNA gene was amplified and deep sequenced. Alpha diversity metrics (Chao1, PD whole tree, and operational taxonomic unit [OTU] estimates) displayed significantly higher bacterial richness in HIV-positive patients (P = 0.01) than in HIV-negative patients. In HIV-positive patients, there was higher bacterial richness in patients with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) (P = 0.13) than those without lesions. The most abundant OTUs associated with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions were Mycoplasmatales, Pseudomonadales, and Staphylococcus. We suggest that a chronic mycoplasma infection of the cervix may contribute to HPV-dependent dysplasia by sustained inflammatory signals. IMPORTANCE HPV is known to be the causal agent in the majority of cervical cancers. However, the role of the cervical bacterial microbiome in cervical cancer is not clear. To investigate that possibility, we collected cervical cytobrush samples from 144 Tanzanian women and performed deep sequencing of bacterial 16S rRNA genes. We found that HIV-positive patients had greater bacterial richness (P = 0.01) than HIV-negative patients. We also observed that women with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) had greater cervical bacterial diversity than women with cytologically normal cervices. Data from our precise sampling of cervical lesions leads us to propose that Mycoplasma contributes to a cervical microbiome status that promotes HPV-related cervical lesions. These results suggest a greater influence of the bacterial microbiota on the outcome of HPV infection than previously thought.

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