Crystal growth by the Electrochemical Czochralski Technique (ECT)

1976 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.C. DeMattei ◽  
R.A. Huggins ◽  
R.S. Feigelson
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Czochralski Technique

Large size SBN single crystal growth by the resistance-heating Czochralski technique using crucible-base cooling

2001 ◽  
Vol 229 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 217-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Kubota ◽  
H Yamazaki ◽  
M Ono ◽  
M Sasaura ◽  
S Yagi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Single Crystal ◽  
Single Crystal Growth ◽  
Resistance Heating ◽  
Czochralski Technique ◽  
Large Size

Anomalies in crystal growth by Czochralski technique

1993 ◽  
Vol 128 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 694-698 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Paj¸aczkowska ◽  
P. Byszewski
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Czochralski Technique

Crystal growth of Ce-doped and undoped LiCaAlF6 by the Czochralski technique under CF4 atmosphere

2001 ◽  
Vol 223 (3) ◽  
pp. 383-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiyoshi Shimamura ◽  
Sonia L Baldochi ◽  
Izilda M Ranieri ◽  
Hiroki Sato ◽  
Tomoyo Fujita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Czochralski Technique

scholarly journals The growth of sapphire single crystals

2001 ◽  
Vol 66 (6) ◽  
pp. 411-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Golubovic ◽  
Slobodanka Nikolic ◽  
Stevan Djuric ◽  
Andreja Valcic
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Single Crystals ◽  
Powder Diffraction ◽  
Chemical Polishing ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Czochralski Technique ◽  
Critical Rate ◽  
Etching Solution ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Crystal Diameter

Sapphire (Al2O3) single crystals were grown by the Czochralski technique both in air and argon atmospheres. The conditions for growing sapphire single crystals were calculated by using a combination of Reynolds and Grash of numbers. Acritical crystal diameter dc = 20 mm and the critical rate of rotation c = 20 rpm were calculated from the hydrodynamics of the melt. The value of the rate of crystal growth was experimentally found to be 3.5 mm/h. According to our previous experiments, it was confirmed that three hours exposures to conc. H3PO4 at 593 K was suitable for chemical polishing. Also, three hours exposure to conc.H3PO4 at 523Kwas found to be a suitable etching solution. The lattice parameters a = 0.47573 nm and c = 1.29893 nm were determined by X-ray powder diffraction. The obtained results are discussed and compared with published data.

Nd:YVO4 crystal growth by Czochralski technique with a submerged plate

2009 ◽  
Vol 311 (22) ◽  
pp. 4652-4659 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Zhang ◽  
H.S. Fang ◽  
L.L. Zheng ◽  
Z.G. Hu ◽  
G.C. Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Czochralski Technique ◽  
Submerged Plate

Crystal Growth of Ca3(Li,Nb,Ga)5O12 Garnets from Melt

1996 ◽  
Vol 453 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. l. Chani ◽  
Y. Myu ◽  
K. Shimamura ◽  
Y. Saiki ◽  
T. Fukuda
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Transmission Spectrum ◽  
Optical Transmission ◽  
Lattice Parameter ◽  
Atomic Ratio ◽  
Czochralski Technique ◽  
Garnet Composition ◽  
Reaction Data ◽  
No Absorption

AbstractSingle crystals of Ca3(Li,Nb,Ga)5O12 garnets have been grown from stoichiometric melts by micro-pulling down and Czochralski methods using Pt crucibles. It was found that the mixture of oxides with atomic ratio Ca : Li : Nb : Ga = 3 : 0.275 : 1.775 : 2.95 correspond to the garnet composition which melts congruenlly at about 1450°C. Solid state reaction data of the compounds related with this material are also reported. Lattice parameter of all Ca3(Li,Nb,Ga)5O12 crystals grown was about 1.254 nm. Transparent and bubble-free crystals of Ca3LixNb1.5+xGa(3.5+x)Ga(3.5−2x)O12 (x = 0.25 and 0.275) were grown by Czochralski technique in air. An optical transmission spectrum of the crystals was studied. No absorption was detected in 400–1200 nm wavelength range.

Marangoni convection in the LiCaAIF6 crystal growth by the Czochralski technique

2002 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 348-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhong Zeng ◽  
Jingqiu Chen ◽  
Hiroshi Mizuseki ◽  
Touetsu Shishido ◽  
Kyoko Ichinoseki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Marangoni Convection ◽  
Czochralski Technique

A new method of heat and mass transfer control in the melt at crystal growth by Czochralski technique

2009 ◽  
Vol 54 (9) ◽  
pp. 410-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Ch. Avetissov ◽  
E. V. Zharikov ◽  
A. Yu. Zinovjev ◽  
A. P. Sadovskiĭ
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Heat And Mass Transfer ◽  
New Method ◽  
Czochralski Technique
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