Simulation of a multicompartment model for the intestinal permeability to low-molecular-weight probes (polyethyleneglycol 400)

1981 ◽  
Vol 56 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 287-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tommy Sundqvist ◽  
Christer Tagesson ◽  
Karl-Eric Magnusson
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Intestinal Permeability ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Multicompartment Model

Intestinal Permeability to Proteins in the Newborn Herbivore

1957 ◽  
Vol 191 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. F. Deutsch ◽  
Vearl R. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Intestinal Permeability ◽  
Whey Proteins ◽  
Biological Agents ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Milk Whey ◽  
Protein Molecules ◽  
Ready Access

The permeability of the gut of the newborn herbivore to the protein molecules of milk whey is largely lost within 24 hours following birth. All of the colostrum whey proteins, not only the antibody fraction, are absorbed during this stage of intestinal permeability. The nonantibody proteins are molecules of relatively low molecular weight. These are rapidly lost through the kidney, the antibodies being largely retained. Crystalline ß-lactoglobulin may be prepared from urine during the proteinuric stage which is very pronounced during the first 24 hours of postpartum life in calves that have had ready access to milk. Unsuccessful attempts were made to maintain the intestinal permeability beyond the first 24 hours of postpartum life. Hormonal and milk factors did not appear to be responsible for the discussed change. Transfusing with the blood of the mother and other biological agents were also ineffective.

scholarly journals Dietary Fish Hydrolysate Improves Memory Performance Through Microglial Signature Remodeling During Aging

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathilde Chataigner ◽  
Céline Lucas ◽  
Mathieu Di Miceli ◽  
Véronique Pallet ◽  
Sophie Laye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Intestinal Permeability ◽  
Brain Aging ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Microglial Cells ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Age Related

Brain aging is characterized by a chronic low-grade inflammation, which significantly impairs cognitive function. Microglial cells, the immunocompetent cells of the brain, present a different phenotype, switching from a homeostatic signature (M0) to a more reactive phenotype called “MGnD” (microglial neurodegenerative phenotype), leading to a high production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, microglial cells can be activated by age-induced gut dysbiosis through the vagus nerve or the modulation of the peripheral immune system. Nutrients, in particular n-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs) and low molecular weight peptides, display powerful immunomodulatory properties, and can thus prevent age-related cognitive decline. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of n-3 LC-PUFAs and low molecular weight peptides contained in a marine by-product-derived hydrolysate on microglial phenotypes and intestinal permeability and their consequences on cognition in mice. We demonstrated that the hydrolysate supplementation for 8 weeks prevented short- and long-term memory decline during aging. These observations were linked to the modulation of microglial signature. Indeed, the hydrolysate supplementation promoted homeostatic microglial phenotype by increasing TGF-β1 expression and stimulated phagocytosis by increasing Clec7a expression. Moreover, the hydrolysate supplementation promoted anti-inflammatory intestinal pathway and tended to prevent intestinal permeability alteration occurring during aging. Therefore, the fish hydrolysate appears as an interesting candidate to prevent cognitive decline during aging.

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