Inferring structural changes of hydroxylic solvents from NMR data

1988 ◽  
Vol 37 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 281-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piero Mirti ◽  
Vincenzo Zelano
Keyword(s):  
2019 ◽  
Vol 126 (2) ◽  
pp. 147
Author(s):  
Е.И. Войт ◽  
А.Б. Слободюк ◽  
Н.А. Диденко

AbstractThe effect of hydrate number on the structural changes, thermal properties, and ionic (molecular) mobility character in NH_4ZrF_5 ⋅ H_2O, NH_4ZrF_5 ⋅ 0.75H_2O crystal hydrates have been investigated by the methods of IR, Raman, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) (^1H, ^19F, including ^19F MAS), and TG-DTA spectroscopy. Differences in crystal hydrate structures—anion structure, molecular state of water, and O–H⋅⋅⋅F, N–H⋅⋅⋅F hydrogen bond strengths—have been corroborated by IR and Raman spectroscopy data. Isotropic chemical shifts of magnetic inequivalent positions have been determined and attributed to crystal structures of the studied compounds by the method of ^19F MAS NMR. It has been established that the removal of water molecules from NH_4ZrF_5 ⋅ H_2O and NH_4ZrF_5 ⋅ 0.75H_2O results in the transformation of chain or layered structures accompanied by the increase of the number of bridge bonds while retaining or increasing the dimensionality of the anion structural motif. According to the ^1H NMR data, the NH $$_{4}^{ + }$$ cation diffusion in NH_4ZrF_5 occurs only in the temperature range of 370–520 K.


2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Massimiliano Francesco Peana ◽  
Serenella Medici ◽  
Alessia Ledda ◽  
Valeria Marina Nurchi ◽  
Maria Antonietta Zoroddu

P1D2E3K4H5E6L7(PK9-H), a fragment of Ypk9, the yeast homologue of the human Park9 protein, was studied for its coordination abilities towards Ni(II) and Cu(II) ions through mono- and bi-dimensional NMR techniques. Both proteins are involved in the transportation of metal ions, including manganese and nickel, from the cytosol to the lysosomal lumen. Ypk9 showed manganese detoxification role, preventing a Mn-induced Parkinsonism (PD) besides mutations in Park9, linked to a juvenile form of the disease. Here, we tested PK9-H with Cu(II) and Ni(II) ions, the former because it is an essential element ubiquitous in the human body, so its trafficking should be strictly regulated and one cannot exclude that Ypk9 may play a role in it, and the latter because, besides being a toxic element for many organisms and involved in different pathologies and inflammation states, it seems that the protein confers protection against it. NMR experiments showed that both cations can bind PK9-H in an effective way, leading to complexes whose coordination mode depends on the pH of the solution. NMR data have been used to build a model for the structure of the major Cu(II) and Ni(II) complexes. Structural changes in the conformation of the peptide with organized side chain orientation promoted by nickel coordination were detected.


2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (7) ◽  
pp. 3975-3986 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matic Kovačič ◽  
Peter Podbevšek ◽  
Hisae Tateishi-Karimata ◽  
Shuntaro Takahashi ◽  
Naoki Sugimoto ◽  
...  

Abstract Guanine-rich regions of the human genome can adopt non-canonical secondary structures. Their role in regulating gene expression has turned them into promising targets for therapeutic intervention. Ligands based on polyaromatic moieties are especially suitable for targeting G-quadruplexes utilizing their size complementarity to interact with the large exposed surface area of four guanine bases. A predictable way of (de)stabilizing specific G-quadruplex structures through efficient base stacking of polyaromatic functional groups could become a valuable tool in our therapeutic arsenal. We have investigated the effect of pyrene-modified uridine nucleotides incorporated at several positions of the thrombin binding aptamer (TBA) as a model system. Characterization using spectroscopic and biophysical methods provided important insights into modes of interaction between pyrene groups and the G-quadruplex core as well as (de)stabilization by enthalpic and entropic contributions. NMR data demonstrated that incorporation of pyrene group into G-rich oligonucleotide such as TBA may result in significant changes in 3D structure such as formation of novel dimeric topology. Site specific structural changes induced by stacking of the pyrene moiety on nearby nucleobases corelate with distinct thrombin binding affinities and increased resistance against nuclease degradation.


1998 ◽  
Vol 337 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongzhe SUN ◽  
Hongyan LI ◽  
Anne B. MASON ◽  
Robert C. WOODWORTH ◽  
Peter J. SADLER

Interactions of recombinant N-lobe of human serum transferrin (hTF/2N) with Bi3+, a metal ion widely used in medicine, have been investigated by both UV and NMR spectroscopy. The bicarbonate-independent stability constant for Bi3+ binding (K*) to hTF/2N was determined to be log K* 18.9±0.2 in 5 mM bicarbonate/10 mM Hepes buffer at 310 K, pH 7.4. The presence of Fe3+ in the C-lobe of intact hTF perturbed Bi3+ binding to the N-lobe, whereas binding of Bi3+ to the C-lobe was unaffected by the presence of Fe3+ in the N-lobe. Reactions of Bi3+ (as bismuth nitrilotriacetate or ranitidine bismuth citrate) with hTF/2N in solutions containing 10 mM bicarbonate induced specific changes to high-field 1H-NMR peaks. The 1H co-ordination shifts induced by Bi3+ were similar to those induced by Fe3+ and Ga3+, suggesting that Bi3+ binding causes similar structural changes to those induced by hTF/2N. 13C-NMR data showed that carbonate binds to hTF/2N concomitantly with Bi3+.


Author(s):  
S. Phyllis Steamer ◽  
Rosemarie L. Devine

The importance of radiation damage to the skin and its vasculature was recognized by the early radiologists. In more recent studies, vascular effects were shown to involve the endothelium as well as the surrounding connective tissue. Microvascular changes in the mouse pinna were studied in vivo and recorded photographically over a period of 12-18 months. Radiation treatment at 110 days of age was total body exposure to either 240 rad fission neutrons or 855 rad 60Co gamma rays. After in vivo observations in control and irradiated mice, animals were sacrificed for examination of changes in vascular fine structure. Vessels were selected from regions of specific interest that had been identified on photomicrographs. Prominent ultrastructural changes can be attributed to aging as well as to radiation treatment. Of principal concern were determinations of ultrastructural changes associated with venous dilatations, segmental arterial stenosis and tortuosities of both veins and arteries, effects that had been identified on the basis of light microscopic observations. Tortuosities and irregularly dilated vein segments were related to both aging and radiation changes but arterial stenosis was observed only in irradiated animals.


Author(s):  
W. Kunath ◽  
E. Zeitler ◽  
M. Kessel

The features of digital recording of a continuous series (movie) of singleelectron TV frames are reported. The technique is used to investigate structural changes in negatively stained glutamine synthetase molecules (GS) during electron irradiation and, as an ultimate goal, to look for the molecules' “undamaged” structure, say, after a 1 e/Å2 dose.The TV frame of fig. la shows an image of 5 glutamine synthetase molecules exposed to 1/150 e/Å2. Every single electron is recorded as a unit signal in a 256 ×256 field. The extremely low exposure of a single TV frame as dictated by the single-electron recording device including the electron microscope requires accumulation of 150 TV frames into one frame (fig. lb) thus achieving a reasonable compromise between the conflicting aspects of exposure time per frame of 3 sec. vs. object drift of less than 1 Å, and exposure per frame of 1 e/Å2 vs. rate of structural damage.


Author(s):  
K. Kovacs ◽  
E. Horvath ◽  
J. M. Bilbao ◽  
F. A. Laszlo ◽  
I. Domokos

Electrolytic lesions of the pituitary stalk in rats interrupt adenohypophysial blood flow and result in massive infarction of the anterior lobe. In order to obtain a deeper insight into the morphogenesis of tissue injury and to reveal the sequence of events, a fine structural investigation was undertaken on adenohypophyses of rats at various intervals following destruction of the pituitary stalk.The pituitary stalk was destroyed electrolytically, with a Horsley-Clarke apparatus on 27 male rats of the R-Amsterdam strain, weighing 180-200 g. Thirty minutes, 1,2,4,6 and 24 hours after surgery the animals were perfused with a glutaraldehyde-formalin solution. The skulls were then opened and the pituitary glands removed. The anterior lobes were fixed in glutaraldehyde-formalin solution, postfixed in osmium tetroxide and embedded in Durcupan. Ultrathin sections were stained with uranyl acetate and lead citrate and investigated with a Philips 300 electron microscope.


Author(s):  
P.L. Moore ◽  
P.L. Sannes ◽  
H.L. Bank ◽  
S.S. Spicer

It is thought that calcium and/or magnesium may play important roles in polymorphonuclear (PMN) leukocyte functions such as chemotaxis, adhesion and phagocytosis. Yet, a clear understanding of the biological roles of these ions has awaited the development of techniques which permit a selective alteration of intracellular ion concentrations. Recently, treatment of cells with the ionophore A23187 has been used to alter intracellular divalent cation concentrations. This ionophore is a lipid soluble antibiotic produced by Streptomyces chartreusensis that complexes with both calcium and magnesium (3) and is believed to carry these ions across biological membranes (4). Biochemical investigations of human PMN leukocytes demonstrate that cells treated with A23187 and extracellular calcium release their lysosomal enzymes into the extracellular medium without rupturing and releasing their soluble cytoplasmic enzymes (5,6). The aim of the present study and and a companion report (7) was to investigate the structural changes that occur in leukocytes during ionophore-induced lysosomal enzyme release.


Author(s):  
Werner J. Niklowitz

After intoxication of rabbits with certain substances such as convulsant agents (3-acetylpyridine), centrally acting drugs (reserpine), or toxic metal compounds (tetraethyl lead) a significant observation by phase microscope is the loss of contrast of the hippocampal mossy fiber layer. It has been suggested that this alteration, as well as changes seen with the electron microscope in the hippocampal mossy fiber boutons, may be related to a loss of neurotransmitters. The purpose of these experiments was to apply the OsO4-zinc-iodide staining technique to the study of these structural changes since it has been suggested that OsO4-zinc-iodide stain reacts with neurotransmitters (acetylcholine, catecholamines).Domestic New Zealand rabbits (2.5 to 3 kg) were used. Hippocampal tissue was removed from normal and experimental animals treated with 3-acetylpyridine (antimetabolite of nicotinamide), reserpine (anti- hypertensive/tranquilizer), or iproniazid (antidepressant/monamine oxidase inhibitor). After fixation in glutaraldehyde hippocampal tissue was treated with OsO4-zinc-iodide stain and further processed for phase and electron microscope studies.


Author(s):  
Ann M. Thomas ◽  
Virginia Shemeley

Those samples which swell rapidly when exposed to water are, at best, difficult to section for transmission electron microscopy. Some materials literally burst out of the embedding block with the first pass by the knife, and even the most rapid cutting cycle produces sections of limited value. Many ion exchange resins swell in water; some undergo irreversible structural changes when dried. We developed our embedding procedure to handle this type of sample, but it should be applicable to many materials that present similar sectioning difficulties.The purpose of our embedding procedure is to build up a cross-linking network throughout the sample, while it is in a water swollen state. Our procedure was suggested to us by the work of Rosenberg, where he mentioned the formation of a tridimensional structure by the polymerization of the GMA biproduct, triglycol dimethacrylate.


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