The “Right stuff”: Five Nobel prize-winning surgeons

1991 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 241
Keyword(s):  
Nobel Prize ◽  
The Right

scholarly journals The beginnings of cardiac catheterization and the resulting impact on pulmonary medicine

2017 ◽  
Vol 313 (4) ◽  
pp. L651-L658 ◽  
Author(s):  
John B. West
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cardiac Catheterization ◽  
Nobel Prize ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Interventional Cardiology ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Mixed Venous Blood ◽  
Pulmonary Medicine ◽  
Fick Principle ◽  
The Right

The early history of cardiac catheterization has many interesting features. First, although it would be natural to assume that the procedure was initiated by cardiologists, two of the three people who shared the Nobel Prize for the discovery were pulmonologists, while the third was a urologist. The primary objective of the pulmonologists André Cournand and Dickinson Richards was to obtain mixed venous blood from the right heart so that they could use the Fick principle to calculate total pulmonary blood flow. Cournand’s initial catheterization studies were prompted by his reading of an account by Werner Forssmann, who catheterized himself 12 years before. His bold experiment was one of the most bizarre in medical history. In the earliest studies that followed, Cournand and colleagues first passed catheters into the right atrium, and then into the right ventricle, and finally, the pulmonary artery. At the time, the investigators did not appreciate the significance of the low vascular pressures, nor that what they had done would revolutionize interventional cardiology. Within a year, William Dock predicted that there would be a very low blood flow at the top of the upright lung, and he proposed that this was the cause of the apical localization of pulmonary tuberculosis. The fact that the pulmonary vascular pressures are very low has many implications in lung disease. Cardiac catheterization changed the face of investigative cardiology, and its instigators were awarded the Nobel Prize in 1956.

The “Right Stuff”: Five nobel prize–winning surgeons

1990 ◽  
Vol 77 (8) ◽  
pp. 944-953 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon B. Morris ◽  
William J. Schirmer
Keyword(s):  
Nobel Prize ◽  
The Right

scholarly journals Reappraising Fleming’s snot and mould

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-42
Author(s):  
Kholhring Lalchhandama
Keyword(s):  
Nobel Prize ◽  
Antibacterial Property ◽  
Historical Records ◽  
The Right ◽  
Alexander Fleming

Alexander Fleming, a Scottish physician at the St. Mary’s Hospital, London, made two epoch-making discoveries, lysozyme and penicillin. But contrary to popular fables, the events were not that serendipitous. He was already an established microbiologist and it took him dogged labours to vindicate his discoveries. He simply had the right mind. Penicillin was especially a hard nut to crack upon which he toiled for half a year with his associates just enough to make a convincing conclusion on the antibacterial property. He in fact utterly failed in understanding what it actually was. As he himself unpretentiously stated: “I did not invent penicillin. Nature did that. I only discovered it by accident.” But that did not debar him for sharing the 1945 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Howard Florey and Ernst Boris Chain, who isolated the compound and worked out the medicinal applications. Strangely, Fleming’s biography has been presented in bits and pieces on the crucial elements of his discoveries, and usually contradictory. This chronicle is trying to mend the gaps and broken pieces in the historical records.

scholarly journals Identity in Spirituality: A Review of the Play Chandalika by Tagore

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 46-50
Author(s):  
Sushil Ghimire
Keyword(s):  
Personal Identity ◽  
Nobel Prize ◽  
Nobel Prize Winner ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Rabindranath Tagore ◽  
Buddhist Monk ◽  
The Right

Rabindranath Tagore, the Nobel Prize winner for literature, is the first excellent Indian author whose creative efforts-poetry, prose, drama-present a superb Triveni of, mysticism, humanism and philosophy. His significant dance play Chandalika reveals the theme of marginal(Dalit) voice and role of Buddhism in the play. The play displays a chandal girl's realization that she's a human being like any other and it's wrong for her to believe under the notice of people from the upper castes. This play is about awakening a feeling of her identity in a Chandal-woman, and its awakened realization that she was born as a chandal-woman does not imply she is a non-entity. Prakriti finds that she is as human as anyone else, and that she has the right to give water to anyone high or low who requests that. Chandal girl in this play realizes that she isn't just someone with a personal identity but also causes her to love a Buddhist monk who is accountable for this new awakening.

scholarly journals Iman Khalifeh

1970 ◽  
pp. 4-5
Author(s):  
Rose Ghurayyib
Keyword(s):  
Nobel Prize ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Peace Movement ◽  
The Right ◽  
To Receive

Iman Khalifeh, initiator of the Peace Movement in Lebanon will be going to Stockhom on the 7th of December 1984 to receive, together with three other women from India, the Philippines and Kenya, the Right to Livelihood Alternative Nobel Prize for Peace.

Continual Raving

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet R. Gilsdorf
Keyword(s):  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Nobel Prize ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Spinal Fluid ◽  
Meningitis In Children ◽  
The Right

This book explores the lives and work of scientists who unraveled the mysteries of meningitis and describes the steps (and sometimes missteps) they used to accomplish their splendid achievements. Although symptoms of meningitis were recorded as early as the time of Hippocrates, its origin remained obscure. Then, in 1892, one of the bacteria that cause meningitis in children, Haemophilus influenzae, was discovered when Richard Pfeiffer saw it in material coughed up by a patient with influenza. Pfeiffer mistakenly thought the bacteria caused influenza, and it has carried that unfortunate, erroneous name since that time. Discovery, however, marched forward, and Quincke discovered how to obtain spinal fluid by inserting a needle between two bones in the patient’s back. Pittman discovered the sugar overcoat that protects H. influenzae from being eaten by white blood cells. Flexner managed epidemics of meningitis with serum from a horse. Griffith unknowingly stumbled on DNA, the master of all life. Weech gave the first antibiotic used in America to a little girl with meningitis. Alexander learned why antibiotics sometimes fail in such patients. Smith won the Nobel Prize for showing how DNA invades bacteria, the right conclusion for the wrong reasons. And four scientists, in two teams, vied to be the first to create the best vaccine to prevent meningitis in infants.

Investor-State Dispute Settlement under NAFTA Chapter 11: The Shape of Things to Come?

1998 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 263-290
Author(s):  
J. Anthony VanDuzer
Keyword(s):  
Free Trade Agreement ◽  
Dispute Settlement ◽  
Trade Agreement ◽  
Minimum Standards ◽  
The North ◽  
State Behaviour ◽  
Nafta Chapter 11 ◽  
To Come ◽  
The Right

SummaryRecently, there has been a proliferation of international agreements imposing minimum standards on states in respect of their treatment of foreign investors and allowing investors to initiate dispute settlement proceedings where a state violates these standards. Of greatest significance to Canada is Chapter 11 of the North American Free Trade Agreement, which provides both standards for state behaviour and the right to initiate binding arbitration. Since 1996, four cases have been brought under Chapter 11. This note describes the Chapter 11 process and suggests some of the issues that may arise as it is increasingly resorted to by investors.

What face familiarity feelings say about the lateralization of specific entities within the core system

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guido Gainotti
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Memory System ◽  
Core System ◽  
The Core ◽  
Memory Traces ◽  
Specific Memory ◽  
Target Article ◽  
Temporal Structures ◽  
The Right

Abstract The target article carefully describes the memory system, centered on the temporal lobe that builds specific memory traces. It does not, however, mention the laterality effects that exist within this system. This commentary briefly surveys evidence showing that clear asymmetries exist within the temporal lobe structures subserving the core system and that the right temporal structures mainly underpin face familiarity feelings.

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