Rumex acetosella L. and Minuartia verna (L.) Hiern as geobotanical and biogeochemical indicators for ore deposits in northern Greece

Magnetite is a common accessory phase in various types of ore deposits. Its trace element content has proven to have critical implications regarding petrogenesis and as guides in the exploration for ore deposits in general. In this study we use LA-ICP-MS (laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry) analyses of trace elements to chemically characterize magnetite from the Pagoni Rachi Cu–Mo–Re–Au porphyry-style prospect, Thrace, northern Greece. Igneous magnetite mostly occurs as euhedral grains, which are commonly replaced by hematite in fresh to propylitic-altered granodiorite porphyry, whereas, hydrothermal magnetite forms narrow veinlets or is disseminated in sodic/potassic-calcic altered (albite + K-feldspar + actinolite + biotite + chlorite) granodiorite porphyry. Magnetite is commonly associated with chalcopyrite and pyrite and locally exhibits martitization. Laser ablation ICP-MS analyses of hydrothermal magnetite yielded elevated concentrations in several trace elements (e.g., V, Pb, W, Mo, Ta, Zn, Cu, and Nb) whereas Ti, Cr, Ni, and Sn display higher concentration in its magmatic counterpart. A noteworthy enrichment in Mo, Pb, and Zn is an unusual feature of hydrothermal magnetite from Pagoni Rachi. High Si, Al, and Ca values in a few analyses of hydrothermal magnetite imply the presence of submicroscopic or nano-inclusions (e.g., chlorite, and titanite). The trace element patterns of the hydrothermal magnetite and especially the decrease in its Ti content reflect an evolution from the magmatic towards the hydrothermal conditions under decreasing temperatures, which is consistent with findings from analogous porphyry-style deposits elsewhere.

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Eastern and Central Mediterranean

Prehistoric Copper Mining in Europe ◽

10.1093/oso/9780199605651.003.0008 ◽

2014 ◽

Author(s):

William O'Brien

Keyword(s):

Bronze Age ◽

Lead Isotope ◽

Isotope Analysis ◽

Ore Deposits ◽

Central Mediterranean ◽

Northern Greece ◽

Copper Ore ◽

Lead Isotope Analysis ◽

Aegean Islands ◽

Copper Mines

Copper objects first circulated on the Greek mainland during the fifth millennium BC and shortly after in the islands of the southern Aegean (Zachos 2007). The earliest metalwork of Late Neolithic date comprised small objects such as awls, beads, and bracelets. Metal use gradually expanded during the Chalcolithic stage that followed, with production of larger items such as axeheads. There are parallels with the development of early metallurgy in the Balkans, however there was much less copper in circulation. This may be explained by the absence of early copper mines comparable to Rudna Glava or Ai Bunar in either Greece or the Aegean islands. The use of metal in the Aegean expanded significantly during the third millennium BC, with the emergence of a flourishing culture that had extensive seafaring contacts (Renfrew 1972). The importance of maritime trade in this region dates from the Neolithic when the island of Melos was a major source of obsidian across the east Mediterranean. Lead isotope analysis confirms that the copper, lead, and silver used by the Cycladic culture of the Early Bronze Age came from ore sources on many of those islands (Stos-Gale 1989). These metals were traded widely across the Aegean, with supply also into mainland Greece. While no copper mines have been identified, lead/silver workings of this period are recorded at Lavrion and at Ayios Sostis on Siphnos (Wagner et al. 1980). There are numerous deposits of copper ore and other metals in mainland Greece. No prehistoric copper mines have been identified; however, the potential has been examined by lead isotope analysis. An examination of various ore deposits in northern Greece, including examples in Thrace and eastern Macedonia, Thasos, the Pangeon Mountains, and Chalkidki did not reveal any likely sources of copper in prehistory. Samples were also taken in east-central Greece, from mineralization in the Othrys Mountains where there are several indications of ancient mining. Radiocarbon dates indicate copper mining at various locations there during the first millennium BC (Gale and Stos-Gale 2002: table 3).

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Geobotany-biogeochemistry for mineral exploration of sulphide deposits in northern Greece — Heavy metal accumulation by Rumex acetosella L. and Minuartia verna (L.) Hiern

Journal of Geochemical Exploration ◽

10.1016/0375-6742(83)90072-9 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 18 (3) ◽

pp. 267-274 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

A.E. Kelepertsis ◽

I. Andrulakis

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metal ◽

Metal Accumulation ◽

Mineral Exploration ◽

Heavy Metal Accumulation ◽

Northern Greece ◽

Rumex Acetosella ◽

Sulphide Deposits

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THE USE OF THE GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS (G.I.S) IN THE GEOLOGICAL – MINERALOGICAL MAPPING OF THE PARANESTI AREA

Bulletin of the Geological Society of Greece ◽

10.12681/bgsg.11334 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 43 (3) ◽

pp. 1601

Author(s):

M. M. D. Karageorgiou ◽

E. Karymbalis ◽

D.E. Karageorgiou

Keyword(s):

Information Systems ◽

Geographical Information Systems ◽

Active Tectonics ◽

Geological Structure ◽

Ore Deposits ◽

Geographical Information ◽

Gis Technology ◽

Northern Greece ◽

Organization Analysis

The aim of this study is to emphasize the role of the Geographical Information Systems (GIS) technology for the collection, organization, analysis, modeling and presentation of data required for the geological and ore-deposits mapping. As a case study area the region of Paranesti in Northern Greece was selected as it is of exceptional geological and uranium mining interest. For the geological and ore deposit mapping of the study area data derived from analogue maps at various scales (topographical and geological) along with detailed field geological observations and measurements were organized in a spatial database with a common geographical coordinate system utilizing GIS technology. This procedure revealed the relation between the geographical distribution of uranium deposits and the geological structure of the area as well as the effect of the active tectonics.

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