scholarly journals Doppler echocardiographic measurement of mitral flow volume: Validation of a new method in adult patients

1988 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 343-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominique De Zuttere ◽  
Thierry Touche ◽  
Georges Saumon ◽  
Alain Nitenberg ◽  
Richard Prasquier
Keyword(s):  
Adult Patients ◽  
New Method ◽  
Flow Volume ◽  
Mitral Flow ◽  
Echocardiographic Measurement

scholarly journals A New Method to Evaluate the Combined Performance of Check Dams and Afforestation on Debris Flows Mitigation in a Dry-hot Valley

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liqun Lyu ◽  
Mengzhen Xu ◽  
Guanyu Zhou ◽  
Zhaoyin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Debris Flow ◽  
Debris Flows ◽  
Yunnan Province ◽  
New Method ◽  
Energy Conditions ◽  
Vegetation Coverage ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Flow Volume ◽  
Jiangjia Gully ◽  
Check Dams

Abstract Debris flows in waterways can transport large amounts of sediment downstream, which can cause serious damage and economic losses. The vegetation cover in the valley of the Xiaojiang River in Yunnan Province, China—classified as a dry-hot valley—was significantly reduced by logging in the 1950s. Soil erosion intensified and 107 gullies developed, which led to debris flows along the 86 km length of the river. Jiangjia Gully is a tributary of the Xiaojiang River. Historically, debris flows have occurred frequently, blocking the Xiaojiang River seven times between 1957 and 2000. Since 2000, the construction of check dams and afforestation have decreased the volume of debris flows in the three tributaries of Jiangjia Gully. However, different combinations of check dams and afforestation were adopted in the three tributaries of Jiangjia Gully, which has led to the different trends in debris flows behaviour. A new method was established to evaluate the mitigative effect of check dams and afforestation on debris flows. We found that the debris flow volume was proportional to the gravity energy of soil and rock on the gully bank and inversely proportional to the vegetation coverage in a dry-hot valley setting. The method revealed that under different gravity energy conditions, the implementation order of check dam construction and afforestation is important for debris flow mitigation.

Clinical Indicators for Endotracheal Suctioning in Adult Patients Receiving Mechanical Ventilation

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 318-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Lou Sole ◽  
Melody Bennett ◽  
Suzanne Ashworth
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Flow Volume ◽  
Lung Sounds ◽  
Endotracheal Suctioning ◽  
Clinical Indicators ◽  
Flow Volume Loop ◽  
Practice Assessment ◽  
Sawtooth Waveform

Background Critically ill patients who need mechanical ventilation require endotracheal suctioning. Guidelines recommend coarse crackles over the trachea and/or the presence of a sawtooth pattern on the flow-volume loop of the ventilator waveform as the best indicators. Objective To determine clinical cues for endotracheal suctioning in patients who require mechanical ventilation. Methods A descriptive study of 42 adult patients receiving mechanical ventilation. After baseline endotracheal suctioning with a closed-system device, patients were assessed hourly up to 4 hours for guideline-based cues for endotracheal suctioning and lung sounds were auscultated. Endotracheal suctioning was done when cues were detected or 4 hours after baseline suctioning. Secretions were collected, measured, and weighed. Results Most patients were male (62%) and white (93%). Mean age was 51 years, and mean duration of mechanical ventilation was 7.5 days. The median time to endotracheal suctioning was 2 hours, and a mean of 4.4 mL of secretions was removed. Three patients had no cues identified but had 1.0 mL or more of secretions. The most frequent cues were crackles over the trachea (88%), sawtooth waveform (33%), coughing (29%), and visible secretions (5%). Cues resolved and physiological parameters improved after suctioning. Coarse lung sounds did not improve. Conclusions Patients receiving mechanical ventilation should be routinely assessed for coarse crackles over the trachea, the most common indicator for endotracheal suctioning. Despite common practice, assessment of lung sounds to identify the need for suctioning is not supported.

Estimates of cardiac output from forward part of indicator dilution curves

1961 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 891-895 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey D. Thorburn
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Injection Site ◽  
Path Length ◽  
Indicator Dilution ◽  
New Method ◽  
Flow Volume ◽  
Initial Part ◽  
Dye Dilution ◽  
Forward Part ◽  
Dilution Curves

A study was made of 135 dye-dilution curves, 77 of which were obtained from dogs and 58 from man. It was previously shown that the degree of asymmetry of indicator dilution curves varies with changes in flow, volume, and path length, and this has been found to influence the estimates of cardiac output made from the initial part of the curves by the forward triangle and Dow methods, and by a new method described in this paper. This variation may be minimized by the calculation of separate constants for each injection site and by keeping the variation in flow and volume as small as possible. Errors are likely to arise when these methods are used outside the range of the normal data. It has been found that this variation in asymmetry is mainly responsible for the scatter in the estimates of cardiac output using these methods. The agreement between the forward triangle and the Dow methods was found to be very close and the reason for this is discussed. Submitted on February 13, 1961

A New Method for Assessing Flow-Volume Measurements by Means of a Simple Isoflow Electronic Pocket Device (IfloPen™)

1993 ◽  
pp. 56-63
Author(s):  
A. Schibler ◽  
C. Casaulta Aebischer ◽  
J. Bischofberger ◽  
C. Liardet ◽  
R. Kraemer
Keyword(s):  
New Method ◽  
Flow Volume ◽  
Volume Measurements

Validation of a New Method Developed to Measure the Height of Adult Patients in Bed

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 424-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivian C. Luft ◽  
Mariur G. Beghetto ◽  
Stela M. J. Castro ◽  
Elza D. de Mello
Keyword(s):  
Adult Patients ◽  
New Method

Selective Sampling and Orientation of Non-Homogeneous Tissues

1968 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 98-99
Author(s):  
C. C. Clawson ◽  
L. W. Anderson ◽  
R. A. Good
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
New Method ◽  
Microscope Examination ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
Selective Sampling ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Specific Orientation

Investigations which require electron microscope examination of a few specific areas of non-homogeneous tissues make random sampling of small blocks an inefficient and unrewarding procedure. Therefore, several investigators have devised methods which allow obtaining sample blocks for electron microscopy from region of tissue previously identified by light microscopy of present here techniques which make possible: 1) sampling tissue for electron microscopy from selected areas previously identified by light microscopy of relatively large pieces of tissue; 2) dehydration and embedding large numbers of individually identified blocks while keeping each one separate; 3) a new method of maintaining specific orientation of blocks during embedding; 4) special light microscopic staining or fluorescent procedures and electron microscopy on immediately adjacent small areas of tissue.

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