Cognitive functioning in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease compared to mild alzheimer disease and normal control subjects

Reduced balance function has been observed during balance challenging conditions in the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) population and is associated with an increased risk of falls. This study aimed to examine postural balance during quiet standing with eyes open and functional balance in a heterogeneous group of COPD and non-COPD (control) subjects, and to identify risk factors underlying balance impairment using a large panel of methods. In COPD and control subjects, who were mostly overweight and sedentary, postural and functional balance were assessed using center-of-pressure displacement in anterior-posterior (AP) and medio-lateral (ML) directions, and the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), respectively. COPD showed 23% greater AP sway velocity (p = 0.049). The presence of oxygen therapy, fat mass, reduced neurocognitive function, and the presence of (pre)diabetes explained 71% of the variation in postural balance in COPD. Transcutaneous oxygen saturation, a history of exacerbation, and gait speed explained 83% of the variation in functional balance in COPD. Neurocognitive dysfunction was the main risk factor for postural balance impairment in the control group. This suggests that specific phenotypes of COPD patients can be identified based on their type of balance impairment.

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Muscle α-adrenergic responsiveness during exercise and ATP-induced vasodilation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients

AJP Heart and Circulatory Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpheart.00398.2017 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 314 (2) ◽

pp. H180-H187 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

U. W. Iepsen ◽

G. W. Munch ◽

C. K. Ryrsø ◽

N. H. Secher ◽

P. Lange ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Pulmonary Disease ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Control Subjects ◽

Matched Healthy Control ◽

Copd Patients ◽

Sympathetic Vasoconstriction ◽

Functional Sympatholysis ◽

Healthy Control

Sympathetic vasoconstriction is blunted in exercising muscle (functional sympatholysis) but becomes attenuated with age. We tested the hypothesis that functional sympatholysis is further impaired in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. We determined leg blood flow and calculated leg vascular conductance (LVC) during 1) femoral-arterial Tyramine infusion (evokes endogenous norepinephrine release, 1 µmol·min−1·kg leg mass−1), 2) one-legged knee extensor exercise with and without Tyramine infusion [10 W and 20% of maximal workload (WLmax)], 3) ATP (0.05 µmol·min−1·kg leg mass−1) and Tyramine infusion, and 4) incremental ATP infusions (0.05, 0.3, and 3.0 µmol·min−1·kg leg mass−1). We included 10 patients with moderate to severe COPD and 8 age-matched healthy control subjects. Overall, leg blood flow and LVC were lower in COPD patients during exercise ( P < 0.05). Tyramine reduced LVC in both groups at 10-W exercise (COPD: −3 ± 1 ml·min−1·mmHg−1and controls: −3 ± 1 ml·min−1·mmHg−1, P < 0.05) and 20% WLmax(COPD: −4 ± 1 ml·min−1·mmHg−1and controls: −3 ± 1 ml·min−1·mmHg−1, P < 0.05) with no difference between groups. Incremental ATP infusions induced dose-dependent vasodilation with no difference between groups, and, in addition, the vasoconstrictor response to Tyramine infused together with ATP was not different between groups (COPD: −0.03 ± 0.01 l·min−1·kg leg mass−1vs. controls: −0.04 ± 0.01 l·min−1·kg leg mass−1, P > 0.05). Compared with age-matched healthy control subjects, the vasodilatory response to ATP is intact in COPD patients and their ability to blunt sympathetic vasoconstriction (functional sympatholysis) as evaluated by intra-arterial Tyramine during exercise or ATP infusion is maintained.NEW & NOTEWORTHY The ability to blunt sympathetic vasoconstriction in exercising muscle and ATP-induced dilation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients remains unexplored. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients demonstrated similar sympathetic vasoconstriction in response to intra-arterial Tyramine during exercise and ATP-induced vasodilation compared with age-matched healthy control subjects.

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Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Walk with Altered Step Time and Step Width Variability as Compared with Healthy Control Subjects

Annals of the American Thoracic Society ◽

10.1513/annalsats.201607-547oc ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 14 (6) ◽

pp. 858-866 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Jennifer M. Yentes ◽

Stephen I. Rennard ◽

Kendra K. Schmid ◽

Daniel Blanke ◽

Nicholas Stergiou

Keyword(s):

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Pulmonary Disease ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

Step Width ◽

Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Control Subjects ◽

Healthy Control

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Role of nitric oxide synthase/arginase balance in bronchial reactivity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

AJP Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajplung.00109.2007 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 294 (3) ◽

pp. L489-L497 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Jean-Marc Tadié ◽

Priscilla Henno ◽

Ingrid Leroy ◽

Claire Danel ◽

Emmanuel Naline ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nitric Oxide ◽

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Pulmonary Disease ◽

Airflow Limitation ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Control Subjects ◽

Resting Tension ◽

Copd Patients ◽

Nos2 Expression

Competition between nitric oxide synthases (NOSs) and arginases for their common substrate l-arginine could be involved in the regulation of cholinergic airway reactivity and subsequent airway remodeling. The aims of this study were to evaluate the relationships between the expression of this enzymatic balance and the effects of NOS and arginase inhibition on bronchoconstrictive response to acetylcholine of patients without and with early chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Twenty-two human bronchi [15 COPD (9 GOLD-0, 6 GOLD-1, -2-A), 7 nonsmokers] were investigated for immunohistochemistry and modulation of acetylcholine-induced airway constriction. Significantly increased expression of NOS2 in immunoblots of bronchial tissue and staining in smooth muscle cells was evidenced in patients with COPD compared with control subjects, whereas no modification of arginase expression was evidenced. Forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and NOS2 expression were negatively correlated (ρ = −0.54, P = 0.027). Pharmacological experiments demonstrated that resting tension was elevated in COPD compared with control subjects (2,243 ± 154 vs. 1,574 ± 218 mg, P = 0.03) and was positively correlated with the expression of NOS2 (ρ = 0.61, P = 0.044), whereas constrictor response to acetylcholine was similar [active tension, sensitivity (−logEC10), and reactivity (slope)]. The sole effect of the specific arginase inhibitor Nω-hydroxy-nor-l-arginine (1 μM) was to decrease sensitivity in COPD patients, whereas 1 mM NG-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester unexpectedly decreased resting tension because of a non-cGMP-dependent effect. In conclusion, an upregulation of NOS2 expression in COPD patients is involved in airway tone regulation and functional airflow limitation, whereas increased arginase activity is involved in airway sensitivity.

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Self-report of cognitive functioning in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology ◽

10.1016/s0887-6177(98)90585-6 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 116-117

Author(s):

E Kozora

Keyword(s):

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Cognitive Functioning ◽

Pulmonary Disease ◽

Self Report ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

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Relationship Between Circulating Serpina3g, Matrix Metalloproteinase-9, and Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 and -2 with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Severity

Biomolecules ◽

10.3390/biom9020062 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 62 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Pelin Uysal ◽

Hafize Uzun

Keyword(s):

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Matrix Metalloproteinase ◽

Pulmonary Disease ◽

Tissue Inhibitor Of Metalloproteinase ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

Tissue Inhibitor ◽

Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Control Subjects ◽

Copd Patients ◽

Metalloproteinase 9

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is influenced by genetic and environmental factors. A protease-antiprotease imbalance has been suggested as a possible pathogenic mechanism for COPD. Here, we examined the relationship between circulating serpina3g, matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 and -2 (TIMP-1 and -2, respectively) and severity of COPD. We included 150 stable COPD patients and 35 control subjects in the study. The COPD patients were classified into four groups (I, II, III, and IV), according to the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) guidelines based on the severity of symptoms and the exacerbation risk. Plasma serpina3g, MMP-9, and TIMP-1 and -2 concentrations were significantly higher in the all patients than in control subjects. Plasma serpina3g, MMP-9, and TIMP-1 and -2 concentrations were significantly higher in groups III and IV than in groups I and II. A negative correlation between serpina3g, MMP-9, and TIMP-1 and -2 levels and the forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) was observed. MMP-9 concentration and the MMP-9/TIMP-1 ratio were higher in patients with emphysema than in other phenotypes (both with p < 0.01). The findings of this study suggest that circulating serpina3g, MMP-9, and TIMP-1 and -2 levels may play an important role in airway remodeling in COPD pathogenesis. Disrupted protease-antiprotease imbalance in patients with COPD is related to the presence of airway injury. MMP-9 concentration and the MMP-9/TIMP-1 ratio are the best predictors of emphysema in COPD patients.

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