Strain rate effects on medium carbon steel and its effects on autofrettage

1994 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Song ◽  
C.Y. Tang ◽  
B.Y. Xu ◽  
W.B. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Strain Rate ◽  
Medium Carbon Steel ◽  
Strain Rate Effects ◽  
Medium Carbon ◽  
Rate Effects

Strain Rate Effects in SA-106 Carbon Steel Pipe

1982 ◽  
Vol 104 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Peterson ◽  
J. E. Schwabe ◽  
D. G. Fertis
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
Strain Rate ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Experimental Modeling ◽  
Steel Pipe ◽  
Strain Rate Effects ◽  
Rate Effects

Experiments were performed to measure the effect of strain rate on the tensile properties of SA-106 carbon steel pipe, in support of analysis and experimental modeling of postulated pipe whip in nuclear power plants. It was observed that increasing the strain rate from 4 × 10−4 to 4 s−1 raised the yield strength by approximately 30 percent.

Development of Constitutive Relationships Using Compression Testing of a Medium Carbon Steel

1992 ◽  
Vol 114 (1) ◽  
pp. 116-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. P. Rao ◽  
E. B. Hawbolt
Keyword(s):  
Flow Stress ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Strain Rate ◽  
Hot Deformation ◽  
Activation Parameters ◽  
Medium Carbon Steel ◽  
Power Relationship ◽  
Process Variables ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Medium Carbon

Empirical or semi-empirical stress-strain relationships are of limited applicability because (i) they require a large number of constants to represent the effect of process variables, (ii) they are not able to adequately describe the typical hot deformation characteristics i.e., strain hardening at lower strains and steady state flow stress at higher strains, and (iii) they are not able to provide reliable extrapolation. In the present study, flow curves for hot deformation of a medium carbon steel in compression were obtained using a computer controlled thermo-mechanical simulator. The flow stress data were analyzed using three Arrhenius-type equations, each representing the flow stress in terms of strain rate and temperature at different strain levels. It was found that the hyperbolic-sine equation represented the data very well; each of the different activation parameters of this equation varied systematically with strain, and could be satisfactorily described using a power relationship. Using these proposed relationships the flow stress can be described in terms of the process variables—strain, strain rate and temperature—in an explicit fashion of use in finite-element analysis of hot deformation processes.

Study on the Flow Stress Curve of the Warm Deformation of Medium Carbon Steel

2012 ◽  
Vol 535-537 ◽  
pp. 517-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi Jie Li ◽  
Yan Peng ◽  
Hong Min Liu ◽  
Li Zi Xiao ◽  
Su Fen Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Stress ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Strain Rate ◽  
Peak Stress ◽  
Medium Carbon Steel ◽  
Warm Deformation ◽  
Medium Carbon ◽  
Stress Curve ◽  
Flow Stress Curve ◽  
Gleeble 3500

The warm compression experiment of medium carbon steel was conducted using the Gleeble-3500 thermal/mechanical simulator system. By the experiment, the warm deformation of medium carbon steel was studied within the temperature (500~700°C) and the strain rate (0.001~10s-1). The results indicate that the flow stress was increasing with the lowering temperature and the higher strain rate. And the stress-strain curves could be divided into four parts, including four stage of the Strain-Hardening, the First Softening, the Strong Softening, and the Steady Deformation. Dynamic recovery softening has little effect on the flow stress. The peak stress was caused by kink and fracture of the lamellar cementite. Strong softening stage was longer than other one, while its softening influence was stronger compared with hot deformation.

Microstructure as a Criterion for the Selection of Hot Working Process Parameters for Plain Medium Carbon Steel

1990 ◽  
Vol 112 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Cohen ◽  
D. R. Durham
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
True Strain ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Testing Temperature ◽  
Medium Carbon Steel ◽  
Strain Rates ◽  
Working Process ◽  
Strain Rate Effects ◽  
Middle Range ◽  
Rate Effects

Cylindrical compression specimens of 0.42 carbon steel were deformed at temperatures from 816 to 982°C (1500–1800°F) and at average strain rates of 0.5 to 3.0 s−1, to a true strain of 0.47. This testing was performed at the lower bound of the dynamic recrystallization region, where dynamic recovery can predominate. After deformation, the insulated specimens were allowed to slowly cool to room temperature under near equilibrium conditions. The resulting microstructures were examined by optical microscopy to determine whether there were significant variations, and if any observed variations could be related to the processing parameters. In the overall range of these temperatures and strain rates, there were changes in grain size and distribution. A large number of the tests produced similar structures in the middle range of temperatures. However, substantial differences were observed at the higher temperatures, with strain rate effects being particularly noticeable. At the lowest temperatures, interesting features of the microstructure were attributed to the proximity of the testing temperature to the transformation temperature.

INFLUENCE THE QUENCHING AND TEMPERING ON THE MICROSTRUCTURE, MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND SURFACE ROUGHNESS, OF MEDIUM CARBON STEEL

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-135
Author(s):  
Sattar H A Alfatlawi
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Medium Carbon Steel ◽  
Medium Carbon ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Quenching And Tempering

One of ways to improve properties of materials without changing the product shape toobtain the desired engineering applications is heating and cooling under effect of controlledsequence of heat treatment. The main aim of this study was to investigate the effect ofheating and cooling on the surface roughness, microstructure and some selected propertiessuch as the hardness and impact strength of Medium Carbon Steel which treated at differenttypes of heat treatment processes. Heat treatment achieved in this work was respectively,heating, quenching and tempering. The specimens were heated to 850°C and left for 45minutes inside the furnace as a holding time at that temperature, then quenching process wasperformed in four types of quenching media (still air, cold water (2°C), oil and polymersolution), respectively. Thereafter, the samples were tempered at 200°C, 400°C, and 600°Cwith one hour as a soaking time for each temperature, then were all cooled by still air. Whenthe heat treatment process was completed, the surface roughness, hardness, impact strengthand microstructure tests were performed. The results showed a change and clearimprovement of surface roughness, mechanical properties and microstructure afterquenching was achieved, as well as the change that took place due to the increasingtoughness and ductility by reducing of brittleness of samples.

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