STABILITY OF SLOPES IN COMPLEX ROCK FORMATIONS IN OPENCAST MINES

Water tables in aquifer regions of the southwest United States are dropping off at a rate which is greater than can be replaced by natural means. It is estimated that by 1985 wells will run dry in this region unless adequate artificial recharging can be accomplished. Recharging with surface water is limited by the plugging of permeable rock formations underground by clay particles and organic debris.A controlled study was initiated in which sand grains were used as the rock formation and water with known clay concentrations as the recharge media. The plugging mechanism was investigated by direct observation in the SEM of frozen hydrated sand samples from selected depths.

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CONTINUOUS PRECISE DISPLACEMENT MONITORING USING GPS FOR ASSESSING THE STABILITY OF SLOPES

10.35123/geo-expo_2016_1 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Norikazu Shimizu

Keyword(s):

Displacement Monitoring ◽

Stability Of Slopes ◽

The Stability

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The Formation and Initial Stability of Slopes on Cohesionless Materials

10.21236/ada394419 ◽

1967 ◽

Author(s):

B. N. Maclver

Keyword(s):

Stability Of Slopes ◽

Initial Stability

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Freeze-Thaw Stability of Slopes in Seasonally Frozen Regions of the Northeast China

ICCTP 2009 ◽

10.1061/41064(358)133 ◽

2009 ◽

Author(s):

Lina Wang ◽

Xianzhang Ling ◽

Feng Zhang ◽

Xia Gao ◽

Liquan Wu

Keyword(s):

Northeast China ◽

Freeze Thaw ◽

Stability Of Slopes ◽

Seasonally Frozen Regions

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The Influence of Opencast Lignite Mining Dehydration on Plant Production—A Methodological Study

Energies ◽

10.3390/en14071917 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (7) ◽

pp. 1917

Author(s):

Benedykt Pepliński ◽

Wawrzyniec Czubak

Keyword(s):

Brown Coal ◽

Crop Production ◽

Plant Production ◽

External Costs ◽

Opencast Mines ◽

Temporal And Spatial ◽

Potato Yields ◽

Burning Coal ◽

Depression Cone ◽

The Cost

In many circles, brown coal continues to be viewed as a cheap source of energy, resulting in numerous investments in new opencast brown coal mines. Such a perception of brown coal energy is only possible if the external costs associated with mining and burning coal are not considered. In past studies, external cost analysis has focused on the external costs of coal burning and associated emissions. This paper focuses on the extraction phase and assesses the external costs to agriculture associated with the resulting depression cone. This paper discusses the difficulties researchers face in estimating agricultural losses resulting from the development of a depression cone due to opencast mineral extraction. In the case of brown coal, the impacts are of a geological, natural-climatic, agricultural-productive, temporal, and spatial nature and result from a multiplicity of interacting factors. Then, a methodology for counting external costs in crop production was proposed. The next section estimates the external costs of crop production arising from the operation of opencast mines in the Konin-Turek brown coal field, which is located in central Poland. The analyses conducted showed a large decrease in grain and potato yields and no effect of the depression cone on sugar beet levels. Including the estimated external costs in the cost of producing electricity from mined brown coal would significantly worsen the profitability of that production.

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Integrative 3D Geological Modeling Derived from SWIR Hyperspectral Imaging Techniques and UAV-Based 3D Model for Carbonate Rocks

Remote Sensing ◽

10.3390/rs13153037 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (15) ◽

pp. 3037

Author(s):

Huy Hoa Huynh ◽

Jaehung Yu ◽

Lei Wang ◽

Nam Hoon Kim ◽

Bum Han Lee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

3D Model ◽

Imaging Techniques ◽

Iron Hydroxide ◽

Spectral Characteristics ◽

Short Wave ◽

Rock Classification ◽

3D Geological Modeling ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Rock Formations ◽

Absorption Features

This paper demonstrates an integrative 3D model of short-wave infrared (SWIR) hyperspectral mapping and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-based digital elevation model (DEM) for a carbonate rock outcrop including limestone and dolostone in a field condition. The spectral characteristics in the target outcrop showed the limestone well coincided with the reference spectra, while the dolostone did not show clear absorption features compared to the reference spectra, indicating a mixture of clay minerals. The spectral indices based on SWIR hyperspectral images were derived for limestone and dolostone using aluminum hydroxide (AlOH), hydroxide (OH), iron hydroxide (FeOH), magnesium hydroxide (MgOH) and carbonate ion (CO32−) absorption features based on random forest and logistic regression models with an accuracy over 87%. Given that the indices were derived from field data with consideration of commonly occurring geological units, the indices have better applicability for real world cases. The integrative 3D geological model developed by co-registration between hyperspectral map and UAV-based DEM using best matching SIFT descriptor pairs showed the 3D rock formations between limestone and dolostone. Moreover, additional geological information of the outcrop was extracted including thickness, slope, rock classification, strike, and dip.

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